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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2022-06-07
    Description: Abstract
    Description: This data was collected to write an extensive review on organic compounds in geothermal fluids as part of the REFLECT (Redefining geothermal fluid properties at extreme conditions to optimize future geothermal energy extraction). The data is mainly focussed on geothermal sites were organic compound data was reported in the literature. It includes data from the literature (Feldbusch, 2016; Vetter, 2012; Brehme et al., 2019; Westphal et al., 2019; Sanjuan et al., 2016) as well as own data that was analysed at the GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences in section 3.2 (Organic Geochemistry). It comprises 130 samples from 19 different sites including DOC, organic acid anion as well as main inorganic anion concentrations, well depths, and reservoir temperatures of various geothermal sites in Europe. Due to confidentiality agreements Site names are all given in ID’s which are fully explained in the publication “Organic compounds in geothermal fluids – a review” when available. Sample ID’s are also given if the samples, both from the literature or own samples were measured at GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement nº 850626 (REFLECT).
    Keywords: Geothermal fluids ; Brine ; Dissolved organic matter ; Dissolved organic carbon ; Inhibitor ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEOCHEMISTRY ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEOCHEMISTRY 〉 GEOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES 〉 CHEMICAL CONCENTRATIONS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEOTHERMAL DYNAMICS 〉 GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2023-04-26
    Description: Abstract
    Description: Organic matter (OM) is known to be an important reductant in sediment-hosted base metal deposits like the European Kupferschiefer. However, the precise nature of interactions between OM and hydrothermal fluids are still debated as well as how the interconnected reactions develop over geological timescales. This dataset provides for the first time bulk, compositional and stable isotope data of hydrocarbons, biomarkers and organonitrogen, -sulfur and-oxygen (NSO) compounds for the mineralized Kupferschiefer Spremberg-Graustein field in Eastern Germany based on samples from two drill cores. The study aims to help to better understand the role that organic matter plays during the mineralisation and formation of the sedimentary ore deposit within the Kupferschiefer with a focus on stable hydrogen isotope compositions and NSO compositional data to especially address the origin and to assess the oxidative nature of the brines that caused the mineralization in the Spremberg-Graustein field. The data publication includes bulk, compositional and stable isotope data on inorganic metals and organic matter. The data about metal contents were generated using ICP-MS while those on the organic matter were generated using Rock-Eval pyrolysis, a microscope, a Soxhlet apparatus, medium pressure liquid chromatography (MPLC), gas chromatography with flame ionization (GC-FID) and mass spectrometric detection (GC-MS), gas chromatography isotope ratio mass spectrometry (GC-IRMS) and ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry (Fourier Transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry, FT-ICR-MS) with Electrospray ionization (ESI) and Atmospheric pressure photoionization (APPI). The full description of samples, methods and data is given in the following sections.
    Keywords: Kupferschiefer ; Permian ; Organic Matter ; NSO compounds ; hydrogen exchange ; metal porphyrins ; compound specific stable hydrogen isotopic composition ; FT-ICR-MS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 EARTH GASES/LIQUIDS 〉 PETROLEUM ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEOCHEMISTRY ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 ROCKS/MINERALS/CRYSTALS 〉 METALS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 ROCKS/MINERALS/CRYSTALS 〉 SEDIMENTARY ROCKS
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2023-04-27
    Description: Abstract
    Description: This dataset comprises 47 fluid samples from 11 geothermal sites (Germany, Austria, Iceland, Turkey, Netherlands, Belgium, French West Indies). The samples were collected within the REFLECT project (Redefining geothermal properties at extreme conditions to optimize future geothermal energy extraction). The focus with these analyses were on the organic compound composition of the fluids, since they are rarely included in the analyses of fluids taken from geothermal power plants. Understanding the organic compound composition of geothermal fluids might help to better understand chemical reactions within the fluids and might help to mitigate problems that arise with the operation of a geothermal power plant such as mineral precipitation (scaling) and corrosion of the casing and pipes.
    Description: Methods
    Description: The samples were taken by the onsite project partners and sent to GFZ for the analyses. Generally, the fluid samples were taken at the surface instalments and remained untreated after sampling (otherwise given as remark in the datasheet). Sampling bottles were rinsed and flushed with the fluids prior to filling them up. Sampling volumes ranged from 250-500 ml per sample.
    Keywords: Geothermal fluids ; Brine ; Dissolved organic matter ; Dissolved organic carbon ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEOCHEMISTRY ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEOCHEMISTRY 〉 GEOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES 〉 CHEMICAL CONCENTRATIONS ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 SOLID EARTH 〉 GEOTHERMAL DYNAMICS 〉 GEOTHERMAL ENERGY
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: Abstract
    Description: This dataset is the result of an experimental series that was carried out in September/October 2022 at GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany to observe biosorption of lead under extreme conditions. Synthetic solutions, simulating the geothermal fluids from the Heemskerk geothermal power plant were were prepared in 30 ml glass vials (Rotalibo screw neck ND24 EPA). To prepare the stock solutions, sodium chloride (NaCl, 99.8 %, Cellpure, Merck, DE) was added at 265 g/L and Pb(II), in form of lead nitrate (Pb(NO3 )2 , Merck, DE), at 1 g/L to ultrapure water. To assess the impact of acetic acid on lead biosorption, two treatments were done: one without acetic acid and one where acetic acid (100 %, Merck, DE) was added at 60 mg/L. Finally, dead biomass of the fungus Penicillium citrinum was added in the samples at a concentration of 4 g/L (Wahab et al., 2017). The samples were incubated in an autoclave at a pressure of 8 bars on a rotative shaker. The temperature was set at 25 °C, 60 °C or 98 °C with three contact times (1, 2 and 3 h). All treatments were performed in triplicates. For each treatment, two controls without biomass were done. Control samples without the addition of NaCl were done in duplicate, at 25 °C and for 2 h. After incubation, samples were filtered through a 0.22 µm nitrocellulose filter (Sartorius Stedim Biotech, FR) to separate the biomass from the liquid. The biomass on the filters was dried for 24 h at 45 °C before being scraped from the filter and kept in a Falcon tube at room temperature.
    Keywords: geothermal ; biosorption ; lead biosorption ; Penicillium cintrinum ; batch experiments ; brine
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
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