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  • 1
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    The Origins Space Telescope Cryo-Thermal Architecture (2018)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The Origins Space Telescope (OST) is studied as a future Mid- and Far-Infrared flagship-class observatory. OST will cover the wavelength range from 6 to 600 microns. To reach the sky background for 200-micron wavelengths temperatures of 4 degrees Kelvin or lower are required. To achieve this low temperature active cooling is required, along with passive shielding and passive radiation to deep space. Currently two concepts are being studied: Concept 1 with a 9-meter-diameter primary and a suite of 5 extremely capable instruments providing both imaging and spectroscopy over the entire wavelength range. Concept 2 is a more modest sized telescope with a collecting area equivalent to a 5-meter primary, fewer deployments and 3 or 4 instruments also covering the entire wavelength range for imaging and spectroscopy, although with somewhat reduced spectroscopic resolution, and somewhat slower mapping speed. This paper will describe OST Concept 2's cryogenic thermal architecture and thermal model results.
    Keywords: Astronomy
    Type: GSFC-E-DAA-TN57412 , SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation 2018; Jun 10, 2018 - Jun 15, 2018; Austin, TX; United States
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 2
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    Cryogenic System for the Origins Space Telescope: Cooling a Large Space Telescope to 4K with Today's Technology (2014)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The Origins Space Telescope (OST) concept is one of four NASA Science Mission Directorate, Astrophysics Division, observatory concepts being studied for launch in the mid 2030's. OST's wavelength coverage will be from the midinfrared to the sub-millimeter, 6-600 microns. To enable observations at the zodiacal background limit the telescope must be cooled to about 4 K. Combined with the telescope size (currently the primary is 9 m in diameter) this appears to be a daunting task. However, simple calculations and thermal modeling have shown the cooling power required is met with several currently developed cryocoolers. Further, the telescope thermal architecture is greatly simplified, allowing simpler models, more thermal margin, and higher confidence in the final performance values than previous cold observatories. We will describe design principles to simplify modeling and verification. We will argue that the OST architecture and design principles lower its integration and test time and reduce its ultimate cost.
    Keywords: Engineering (General); Astrophysics; Instrumentation and Photography
    Type: GSFC-E-DAA-TN51712 , SPIE Optics and Photonics; Aug 06, 2017 - Aug 10, 2017; San Diego, CA; United States
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 3
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    The Origins Space Telescope (2019)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: The Origins Space Telescope will trace the history of our origins from the time dust and heavy elements permanently altered the cosmic landscape to present-day life. How did galaxies evolve from the earliest galactic systems to those found in the universe today? How do habitable planets form? How common are life-bearing worlds? To answer these alluring questions, Origins will operate at mid- and far-infrared wavelengths and offer powerful spectroscopic instruments and sensitivity three orders of magnitude better than that of Herschel, the largest telescope flown in space to date. After a 3 year study, the Origins Science and Technology Definition Team will recommend to the Decadal Survey a concept for Origins with a 5.9-m diameter telescope cryo cooled to 4.5 K and equipped with three scientific instruments. A mid-infrared instrument (MISC-T) will measure the spectra of transiting exoplanets in the 2.8 20 m wavelength range and offer unprecedented sensitivity, enabling definitive biosignature detections. The Far-IR Imager Polarimeter (FIP) will be able to survey thousands of square degrees with broadband imaging at 50 and 250 m. The Origins Survey Spectrometer (OSS) will cover wavelengths from 25 588 m, make wide-area and deep spectroscopic surveys with spectral resolving power R ~ 300, and pointed observations at R ~ 40,000 and 300,000 with selectable instrument modes. Origins was designed to minimize complexity. The telescope has a Spitzer-like architecture and requires very few deployments after launch. The cryo-thermal system design leverages JWST technology and experience. A combination of current-state-of-the-art cryocoolers and next-generation detector technology will enable Origins natural background limited sensitivity.
    Keywords: Astronomy
    Type: GSFC-E-DAA-TN72131 , UV/Optical/IR Space Telescopes and Instruments: Innovative Technologies and Concepts; Aug 11, 2019 - Aug 12, 2019; San Diego, CA; United States
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  • 4
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    Cooling the Origins Space Telescope (2017)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The NASA Astrophysics Division has commissioned 4 studies for consideration by the 2020 Decadal Survey to be the next flagship mission following WFIRST (Wide Field Infrared Survey Telescope). One of the four studies is the Origins Space Telescope (OST), which will cover wavelengths from 6 microns to 600 microns. To perform at the level of the zodiacal, galactic, and cosmic background, the telescope must be cooled to 4 degrees Kelvin. 4 degrees Kelvin multi-stage mechanical cryocoolers will be employed along with a multilayer sunshield/thermal shield to achieve this temperature with a manageable parasitic heat load. Current state-of-the-art cryocoolers can achieve close to 4 degrees Kelvin, providing about 50 megawatts of cooling at 4 degrees Kelvin with an input power of 500 watts. Multiple coolers at this power level will be used in parallel. These coolers also provide extra cooling power at intermediate temperature stages of 15-20 degrees Kelvin and 50-70 degrees Kelvin . This upper stage cooling will be used to limit the heat conducted to 4 degrees Kelvin . The multi-layer sunshield will limit the radiated thermal energy to the 4 degrees Kelvin volume. This paper will describe the architecture of the cryogenic system for OST along with preliminary thermal models.
    Keywords: Engineering (General); Astrophysics; Instrumentation and Photography
    Type: GSFC-E-DAA-TN43708 , Space Cryogenics Workshop; Jul 05, 2017 - Jul 07, 2017; Oak Brook, IL; United States
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  • 5
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    The Origins Space Telescope: Mission Concept Overview (2018)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-14
    Description: The Origins Space Telescope (OST) will trace the history of our origins from the time dust and heavy elements permanently altered the cosmic landscape to present-day life. How did the universe evolve in response to its changing ingredients? How common are life-bearing planets? To accomplish its scientific objectives, OST will operate at mid- and far-infrared wavelengths and offer superlative sensitivity and new spectroscopic capabilities. The OST study team will present a scientifically compelling, executable mission concept to the 2020 Decadal Survey in Astrophysics. To understand the concept solution space, our team studied two alternative mission concepts. We report on the study approach and describe both of these concepts, give the rationale for major design decisions, and briefly describe the mission-enabling technology.
    Keywords: Earth Resources and Remote Sensing
    Type: GSFC-E-DAA-TN60485 , Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2018: Optical, Infrared, and Millimeter Wave; 10698; 1069815|SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation; Jun 10, 2018 - Jun 15, 2018; Austin, TX; United States
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
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