ALBERT — All Library Books, journals and Electronic Records Telegrafenberg

1

Electronic Resource

Preserving the evolutionary potential of floras in biodiversity hotspots (2007)

Grenyer, Richard ; Rouget, Mathieu ; Davies, T. Jonathan ; [et al.]

[s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group

Nature 445 (2007), S. 757-760

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ISSN: 1476-4687

Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009

Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics

Notes: [Auszug] One of the biggest challenges for conservation biology is to provide conservation planners with ways to prioritize effort. Much attention has been focused on biodiversity hotspots. However, the conservation of evolutionary process is now also acknowledged as a priority in the face of global ...

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature05587

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2

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ANNA: A new prediction method for bioassessment programs (2005)

Linke, Simon ; Norris, Richard H. ; Faith, Daniel P. ; [et al.]

Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd

Freshwater biology 50 (2005), S. 0

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ISSN: 1365-2427

Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Topics: Biology

Notes: 1. Cluster analysis of reference sites with similar biota is the initial step in creating River Invertebrate Prediction and Classification System (RIVPACS) and similar river bioassessment models such as Australian River Assessment System (AUSRIVAS). This paper describes and tests an alternative prediction method, Assessment by Nearest Neighbour Analysis (ANNA), based on the same philosophy as RIVPACS and AUSRIVAS but without the grouping step that some people view as artificial.2. The steps in creating ANNA models are: (i) weighting the predictor variables using a multivariate approach analogous to principal axis correlations, (ii) calculating the weighted Euclidian distance from a test site to the reference sites based on the environmental predictors, (iii) predicting the faunal composition based on the nearest reference sites and (iv) calculating an observed/expected (O/E) analogous to RIVPACS/AUSRIVAS.3. The paper compares AUSRIVAS and ANNA models on 17 datasets representing a variety of habitats and seasons. First, it examines each model's regressions for Observed versus Expected number of taxa, including the r2, intercept and slope. Second, the two models’ assessments of 79 test sites in New Zealand are compared. Third, the models are compared on test and presumed reference sites along a known trace metal gradient. Fourth, ANNA models are evaluated for western Australia, a geographically distinct region of Australia. The comparisons demonstrate that ANNA and AUSRIVAS are generally equivalent in performance, although ANNA turns out to be potentially more robust for the O versus E regressions and is potentially more accurate on the trace metal gradient sites.4. The ANNA method is recommended for use in bioassessment of rivers, at least for corroborating the results of the well established AUSRIVAS- and RIVPACS-type models, if not to replace them.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2427.2004.01286.x

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3

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Comparison of classifications using measures intermediate between metric dissimilarity and consensus similarity (1986)

Faith, Daniel P. ; Belbin, Lee

Springer

Journal of classification 3 (1986), S. 257-280

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ISSN: 1432-1343

Keywords: Classification ; Comparison ; Numerical taxonomy ; Consensus ; Intermediate sensitive measures ; Partial orders ; Stream basins ; Inter-partition distance

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Mathematics

Notes: Abstract Two fundamental approaches to the comparison of classifications (e g, partitions on the same finite set of objects) can be distinguished One approach is based upon measures of metric dissimilarity while the other is based upon measures of similarity, or consensus These approaches are not necessarily simple complements of each other Instead, each captures different, limited views of comparison of two classifications The properties of these measures are clarified by their relationships to Day's complexity models and to association measures of numerical taxonomy The two approaches to comparison are equated with the use of separation and minimum value sensitive measures, suggesting the potential application of an intermediate sensitive measure to the problem of comparison of classifications Such a measure is a linear combination of separation sensitive and minimum value sensitive components The application of these intermediate measures is contrasted with the two extremes The intermediate measure for the comparison of classifications is applied to a problem of character weighting arising in the analysis of Australian stream basins

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01894190

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4

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Chance marsupial relationships (1990)

FAITH, DANIEL P.

[s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group

Nature 345 (1990), S. 393-394

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ISSN: 1476-4687

Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009

Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics

Notes: [Auszug] SIR-Thomas et al l interpret their evolutionary tree, based on 12S nbosomal RNA gene sequence data for the marsupial wolf (Thylacmus cynocephalus) and six other marsupials, as evidence that the thylacme does not lie outside the Australian cluster of marsupial lineages The strength of this evidence ...

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/345393b0

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5

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Asymmetric binary similarity measures (1983)

Faith, Daniel P.

Springer

Oecologia 57 (1983), S. 287-290

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ISSN: 1432-1939

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology

Notes: Summary Asymmetry in binary data arises when one of the two states (e.g. state “1”) is interpreted as more informative than the other state. A common example in ecology occurs when one state represents presence of some unit and the other state represents absence. The problem of the classification of individuals based upon a set of such characters is related to the goal of group homogeneity. The homogeneity of a group of individuals is defined as the count over all possible pairs of individuals and all characters, of the number of shared 1 states, minus the number of mismatches or 0–1, 1-0 combinations. The shared 0 states are effectively neutral, then, in terms of 1-state homogeneity. The behaviour of some common binary similarity measures is examined in relation to 1-state homogeneity. Although the Jaccard coefficient comes close to having the desired behaviour it exhibits undesirable behaviour for some data values and a proportionality relationship between matches and mismatches that may not always be desirable. A new coefficient, “C”, is introduced which overcomes these problems and leads to homogeneous classifications in the sense described above. Further general recommendations are made for the use of these coefficients in various contexts.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00377169

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6

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Benthic macroinvertebrates in biological surveillance: Monte carlo significance tests on functional groups' responses to environmental gradients (1990)

Faith, Daniel P.

Springer

Environmental monitoring and assessment 14 (1990), S. 247-264

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ISSN: 1573-2959

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering

Notes: Abstract Functional feeding groups are evaluated as summaries of benthic macroinvertebrate communities for the Upper La Trobe river system of Victoria, Australia. Two related questions are addressed. First, ‘what is the form of response of functional groups to environmental gradients?’ Second, ‘are observed group patterns significant insofar as they are unlikely to arise in randomly defined groups of taxa?’ Five functional feeding groups are evaluated relative to an environmental space defined at the structural, taxonomic level. A three-dimensional multidimensional scaling ordination of the sample sites, based upon this structural data, reveals a strong correlation with stream order in one direction in the space, and with particle size and benthic organic matter in another orthogonal direction. With the exception of filterers, the observed high correlations of functional group abundance with this space also would have occurred in randomly-defined groups. Scrapers, while not significant as a group in terms of linear response, are significant in terms of unimodal or clumped response to this environmental space. The utilization of such clumped responses in ordination space for biological surveillance programs is discussed.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00677920

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7

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Compositional dissimilarity as a robust measure of ecological distance (1987)

Faith, Daniel P. ; Minchin, Peter R. ; Belbin, Lee

Springer

Plant ecology 69 (1987), S. 57-68

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ISSN: 1573-5052

Keywords: Dissimilarity measure ; Ecological distance ; Hybrid multidimensional scaling ; Multidimensional scaling ; Nonmetric ; Ordination ; Robustness ; Simulation

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology

Notes: Abstract The robustness of quantitative measures of compositional dissimilarity between sites was evaluated using extensive computer simulations of species' abundance patterns over one and two dimensional configurations of sample sites in ecological space. Robustness was equated with the strength over a range of models, of the linear and monotonic (rank-order) relationship between the compositional dissimilarities and the corresponding Euclidean distances between sites measured in the ecological space. The range of models reflected different assumptions about species' response curve shape, sampling pattern of sites, noise level of the data, species' interactions, trends in total site abundance, and beta diversity of gradients. The Kulczynski, Bray-Curtis and Relativized Manhattan measures were found to have not only a robust monotonic relationship with ecological distance, but also a robust linear (proportional) relationship until ecological distances became large. Less robust measures included Chord distance, Kendall's coefficient, Chisquared distance, Manhattan distance, and Euclidean distance. A new ordination method, hybrid multidimensional scaling (HMDS), is introduced that combines metric and nonmetric criteria, and so takes advantage of the particular properties of robust dissimilarity measures such as the Kulczynski measure.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00038687

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