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  • 1
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    Fungal small RNAs suppress plant immunity by hijacking host RNA interference pathways (2013)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-10-05
    Description: Botrytis cinerea, the causative agent of gray mold disease, is an aggressive fungal pathogen that infects more than 200 plant species. Here, we show that some B. cinerea small RNAs (Bc-sRNAs) can silence Arabidopsis and tomato genes involved in immunity. These Bc-sRNAs hijack the host RNA interference (RNAi) machinery by binding to Arabidopsis Argonaute 1 (AGO1) and selectively silencing host immunity genes. The Arabidopsis ago1 mutant exhibits reduced susceptibility to B. cinerea, and the B. cinerea dcl1 dcl2 double mutant that can no longer produce these Bc-sRNAs displays reduced pathogenicity on Arabidopsis and tomato. Thus, this fungal pathogen transfers "virulent" sRNA effectors into host plant cells to suppress host immunity and achieve infection, which demonstrates a naturally occurring cross-kingdom RNAi as an advanced virulence mechanism.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4096153/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4096153/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Weiberg, Arne -- Wang, Ming -- Lin, Feng-Mao -- Zhao, Hongwei -- Zhang, Zhihong -- Kaloshian, Isgouhi -- Huang, Hsien-Da -- Jin, Hailing -- R01 GM093008/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2013 Oct 4;342(6154):118-23. doi: 10.1126/science.1239705.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24092744" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Arabidopsis/genetics/*immunology/microbiology ; Arabidopsis Proteins/genetics ; Argonaute Proteins/genetics ; Botrytis/genetics/*pathogenicity ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Host-Pathogen Interactions/genetics/*immunology ; Lycopersicon esculentum/genetics/immunology/microbiology ; Mutation ; Plant Diseases/genetics/immunology/*microbiology ; *RNA Interference ; RNA, Fungal/*genetics ; RNA, Small Interfering/*genetics ; Virulence/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Toxicity of methylmercury: Effects on different ages of rats (1975)
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 14 (1975), S. 140-148 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Summary LD50 of methylmercury chloride has been shown to be dependent on the ages of the rats. As the age increases, the LD50 decreases, i.e. the younger rats could tolerate higher doses of methylmercury than the older ones. The LD50 were 39.6±2.3, 33.1±2.1, 30.3±1.0, 27.1±1.0, 24.7±1.5 and 23.9±1.1 mg Hg/kg for the 200 g, 300 g, 350 g, 400 g, 450 g and 500 g rats respectively. The elimination of mercury from blood showed little correspondence to age during the 30 days duration. The onset of neurological symptoms after receiving 25 mg Hg/kg of methylmercury chloride occurred between 8 to 15 days post dosing in the surviving rats. Rats unaffected during the latency period did not show neurological signs if their blood-mercury levels decreased to below 100 ppm. Young and old rats showed marked differences in the distribution of mercury in the blood. In the erythrocyte membrane, the eight week old rats retained a higher concentration of the toxic metal than did the 19.5 week old rats. Also, there were significant differences in the ratios of mercury content in the red blood cells to that of plasma; young rats showing 115∶1 and for the old ones being 5∶1. The permeability of erythrocyte membrane to mercury might play an important role in the age factors on the suceptibility of methylmercury intoxication.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01701304
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of the 300 and 600 MHz1H-NMR spectra of poly(3-vinyl thiopene) (1992)
    Springer
    Polymer bulletin 28 (1992), S. 87-94 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary The 300 and 600 MHz1H-NMR spectra of poly-(3-vinyl thiophene) synthesized via free radical initiated polymerization are presented and analyzed. The spectra are similar to those of poly-(2-vinyl thiophene) and were interpreted in a like manner. The polymer was found to be atactic with a Pm value of 0.48±.05.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01045643
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurement of crystallization in stretched rubber by rapid-passage NMR (1977)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 21 (1977), S. 1489-1497 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Continuous-wave rapid-passage proton NMR (30 MHz) was performed on lightly crosslinked natural cis-polyisoprene at elongations up to 720%, at temperatures between -100° and 100°C, and after delays of up to several weeks after stretch. A method of separating the spectra into a narrow and a wide component was developed and applied. The results are interpreted in terms of the effects of a glass transition and strain-induced crystallinity and are in general agreement with results by other methods. The degree of crystallinity is found to increase strongly with strain (from zero for unstretched samples to 31% at elongations of 720% at room temperature), to increase with time, reaching equilibirium most rapidly in the most highly strained samples, and to decrease approximately linearly with temperature above about 20°C.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1977.070210605
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrophoretic, dynamic, and static light scattering on charged polymer emulsions (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 35 (1988), S. 1377-1397 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Light scattering studies on dispersions formed by phase separation of a polymer-solvent-non-solvent mixture show that the dispersions comprise charged droplets of the polymer-rich phase. The charge number is not large, and data on the electrophoretic-scattering and the dynamic scattering in the absence of an external electric field are both consistent with distribution of charge among the droplets. Data on the dependence of the static scattering on concentration and scattering angle show that the droplets are also disperse in radius. The data are discussed in terms of an interaction potential among the charged droplets relating the electrostatic interactions to the charge number and radius of the droplets, and the ionic strength of the solvent.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1988.070350522
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  • 6
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    Differential expression of SUMO-specific protease 7 variants regulates epithelial-mesenchymal transition (2012)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-10-08
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 7
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    Analysis of the 300 and 600 MHz1H-NMR spectra of poly(3-vinyl thiopene) (1992)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1992-03-01
    Print ISSN: 0170-0839
    Electronic ISSN: 1436-2449
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Published by Springer
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  • 8
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    CircNet: a database of circular RNAs derived from transcriptome sequencing data (2016)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-01-07
    Description: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) represent a new type of regulatory noncoding RNA that only recently has been identified and cataloged. Emerging evidence indicates that circRNAs exert a new layer of post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. In this study, we utilized transcriptome sequencing datasets to systematically identify the expression of circRNAs (including known and newly identified ones by our pipeline) in 464 RNA-seq samples, and then constructed the CircNet database ( http://circnet.mbc.nctu.edu.tw/ ) that provides the following resources: (i) novel circRNAs, (ii) integrated miRNA-target networks, (iii) expression profiles of circRNA isoforms, (iv) genomic annotations of circRNA isoforms (e.g. 282 948 exon positions), and (v) sequences of circRNA isoforms. The CircNet database is to our knowledge the first public database that provides tissue-specific circRNA expression profiles and circRNA–miRNA-gene regulatory networks. It not only extends the most up to date catalog of circRNAs but also provides a thorough expression analysis of both previously reported and novel circRNAs. Furthermore, it generates an integrated regulatory network that illustrates the regulation between circRNAs, miRNAs and genes.
    Print ISSN: 0305-1048
    Electronic ISSN: 1362-4962
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 9
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    Formation of Multiple-Flux-Quantum Vortices in Mesoscopic Superconductors from Simulations of Calorimetric, Magnetic, and Transport Properties (2011)
    American Physical Society (APS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-07-30
    Description: Author(s): Ben Xu, M. V. Milošević, Shi-Hsin Lin, F. M. Peeters, and B. Jankó Because of strong flux confinement in mesoscopic superconductors, a “giant” vortex may appear in the ground state of the system in an applied magnetic field. This multiquanta vortex can then split into individual vortices (and vice versa) as a function of, e.g., applied current, magnetic field, or t... [Phys. Rev. Lett. 107, 057002] Published Fri Jul 29, 2011
    Keywords: Condensed Matter: Electronic Properties, etc.
    Print ISSN: 0031-9007
    Electronic ISSN: 1079-7114
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Physical Society (APS)
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  • 10
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    Parameters tuning of doubly fed induction generator systems with static synchronous compensator based on Chaos orthogonal particle swarm optimization (2018)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-10-31
    Description: For Double-Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) wind farm systems with Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM), by optimizing multiple proportional integral (PI) controllers parameters of DFIG and STATCOM, the performance of the wind power system is significantly improved and the voltage of point of common coupling (PCC) is quickly restored when a low voltage due to a grid fault. Chaos orthogonal particle swarm optimization is proposed to make the integral time absolute error (ITAE) of active power of DFIG, DC-link voltage of converter of DFIG and voltage of PCC minimum. The orthogonal method is used to get the range of parameters and identify the weight relations between different indicators. And then the chaos algorithm is used to initialize the algorithm. Finally, the particle swarm optimization (PSO) can effectively improve the efficiency of the optimization. Based on MATLAB/Simulink, the simulations of wind farm containing STATCOM incorporated into the infinite system under diff...
    Print ISSN: 1755-1307
    Electronic ISSN: 1755-1315
    Topics: Geography , Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Institute of Physics (IOP)
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