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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 64 (1988), S. 3301-3303 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Structural characterization of pulsed laser irradiated amorphous alloys of Si(Ge) obtained with heavy dose (Ge) implantation in Si have been carried out using Rutherford backscattering spectrometry/channeling technique and transmission electron microscopy. Comparison of these alloys with self-implanted amorphous Si after irradiation with a ruby laser showed significant reductions in the laser energy densities required for melt propagation, amorphous-crystalline interface penetration, and laser-induced damage formation. Explosive crystallization was found to occur in all samples. Large reductions in melting temperatures and latent heat of melting were found to be necessary to explain the results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The structural characterization of ZnTe epilayers grown on (100)GaAs by metalorganic vapor-phase epitaxy is reported. A detailed study of the ZnTe/GaAs heterostructure based on both high-resolution and conventional electron microscopy and ion channeling Rutherford backscattering spectrometry allows correlation of the type and spatial distribution of the extended defects occurring at or close to the ZnTe/GaAs interface with the amount of residual lattice strain into the ZnTe epilayers. Both pure edge Lomer and 60°-mixed misfit dislocations were identified at the interface along with partial dislocations bounding stacking faults, their overall density and distance distribution indicating the occurrence of a residual compressive strain at the heterostructure interface. By comparing this interface strain to the corresponding surface value of the same samples the occurrence of an inhomogeneous strain relaxation along the growth direction is clearly demonstrated. It is shown that such a strain gradient should be entirely ascribed to threading dislocations occurring into the ZnTe epilayers, their distribution being strictly correlated to the amount of residual strain along the epilayer growth direction. The conclusions are further supported by the analysis of the ZnTe surface strain, whose dependence on the epilayer thickness is consistent with that expected on the basis of a phenomenological model for the epilayer residual strain relaxation by threading dislocations. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The direct synthesis of silicon oxinitride films by multipulse excimer (λ=308 nm) laser irradiation in a nitrogen-containing ambient gas is reported featuring characteristics consistent with potential application in microelectronics.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 66 (1989), S. 1975-1983 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Inx Ga1−x As/GaAs single heterostructures have been grown by molecular-beam epitaxy with different growing rates and In molar fractions. Indium composition, layer thickness, and residual strain have been measured mainly by Rutherford backscattering/channeling spectrometry and the results on selected samples compared with the results of other techniques like Auger electron spectroscopy and single- and double-crystal x-ray diffraction. Cathodoluminescence, x-ray topography, transmission electron microscopy, and ion dechanneling have been employed to observe dislocations and to characterize their nature and density. While the onset of misfit dislocations has been found to agree with the predictions of the equilibrium theory, the strain release has been found to be much lower than predicted and the results are compared with the available metastability or nucleation models. Present results are in best agreement with nucleation models. Moreover, annealing experiments show that these heterostructures are at (or very close to) thermodynamic equilibrium.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The successful synthesis of silicon nitride directly on the surface of a single-crystalline silicon wafer by multipulse (up to n=2500) XeCl* excimer (λ=308 nm) laser irradiation in ambient ammonia or nitrogen atmospheres is reported. The amount and quality of the nitrided layers formed are shown to depend on both the number of subsequent laser pulses applied to the same irradiation site as well as on the nature of the ambient gas. Nuclear reactions, Auger electron spectroscopy, Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy, electrical measurements, and optical and electron microscopy were applied to characterize the synthesized surface layers.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 68 (1990), S. 531-539 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The elastic distortion field in (001)-grown lattice mismatched heterostructures of diamond or zinc-blende structure having misfit dislocations at the interface is calculated within the linear elasticity theory. Not only the misfit dislocation densities in the two 〈110〉 directions but also the distribution of the possible Burgers vectors are taken into consideration. A transition layer where the elastic field is appreciably laterally nonuniform extends from the interface up to a distance of the same order of the mean dislocation spacing. It is shown that this transition layer affects x-ray diffraction measurements. Beyond this region, the elastic distortion field is uniform and is found to depend only on the mean values of the Burgers vectors associated with the two dislocation distributions. In particular it is shown that in general the strain field, i.e., the symmetric part of the elastic distortion field, is not biaxial. The three independent parameters describing the lattice deformations in the epilayer depend not only on the projections on the interface of the edge components but also on the screw components of the Burgers vectors. The predictions of this model are tested on InxGa1−xAs/GaAs samples analyzed by means of channeling and double crystal x-ray diffractometry. The unbalance of the dislocation densities in the two 〈110〉 directions measured by the dechanneling behavior of the samples agrees rather well with the prediction of the model on the basis of the measured asymmetries of the strain field.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 66 (1989), S. 2940-2946 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Anomalous distribution of As implanted in silicon under self-annealing conditions (i.e., with simultaneous damage recovery activated by beam heating) has been investigated and discussed. Rutherford backscattering/channeling, transmission electron microscopy, and carrier profiling techniques have been used to analyze the dopant profiles and the microstructure of samples irradiated with 150-keV As+ ions at a current density of (approximately-equal-to)207 μA/cm2, for times of 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 s. Two relevant effects are observed. The first one consists in the formation of two dopant peaks, electrically inactive, separated by a depletion region at the position of the ion projected range. While the deeper peak disappears with increasing irradiation time, the one located at the maximum of nuclear energy loss grows. Microstructural analysis suggests that both peaks occur as a result of As segregation at lattice defects; in particular, the one located the position of the maximum of nuclear energy loss is the consequence of segregation of As atoms at voids, which are formed during irradiation at elevated temperature. The second relevant effect is the formation of a deep penetrating tail in the As profile, which cannot be explained by a simple thermal diffusion mechanism. Although the contribution of channeling effects cannot be ruled out, the effect seems to be mainly related to a diffusivity enhancement, weakly temperature dependent, due to the interaction of the dopant with radiation-induced defects.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 70 (1991), S. 2041-2045 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We report on the structural characterization by Rutherford backscattering spectrometry in channeling geometry of CdS epitaxial layers grown on the highly lattice-mismatched CdTe substrates by chemical vapor deposition. The overall layer quality has been investigated for different CdS thicknesses, as well as the occurrence of small misalignments of the crystallographic directions from point-to-point in the layers. A crystallographic study of the hexagonal (wurtzite) lattice is also presented: two principal planes parallel to the c axis have been determined experimentally, i.e., (101¯0) and (112¯0), together with their in-plane axial directions. This allows investigation of the occurrence of 30° rotation effects in the crystal lattice as observed by scanning electron microscopy.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 86 (1999), S. 4748-4755 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A model to compute the strain relaxation rate in InxGa1−xAs/GaAs single layers has been tested on several compositionally graded buffer layers. The existence of a critical elastic energy has been assumed as a criterion for the generation of new misfit dislocations. The surface strain accuracy results are within 2.5×10−4. The influence of different grading laws and growth conditions on residual strain, threading dislocation density, misfit dislocation confinement, and surface morphology has been studied. The probability of dislocation interaction and work hardening has been shown to strongly influence the mobility and the generation rate of the dislocations. Optimization of the growth conditions removes residual strain asymmetries and smoothes the surface roughness. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
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