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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 41 (1919), S. 451-458 
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary A study has been conducted to determine the ionic and metabolic requirements for full expression of the hydroosmotic response to antidiuretic hormone in the toad urinary bladder. By appropriate manipulation of incubation conditions it can be shown that there is a pool of serosal sodium necessary for a full hormone response. This serosal sodium pool is not related to the transepithelial sodium transport pool. A full hydroosmotic response also requires serosal potassium; however, no specific anion requirement was demonstrated. Additionally, anaerobic or aerobic metabolism support a full hydroosmotic response equally well.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Sarcoplasmic Reticulum ; Myofilaments ; Troponin ; Pyroantimonate ; “Calcium Sink”
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé L'ultrastructure du muscle squelettique de lapin est étudiée après traitement au glycérol et colgoration au pyroantimonate. Des dépôts denses aux électrons sont observés dans le reticulum sarcoplasmique restant. Ils sont associés aux myofilaments. Ces granules denses sont éliminés par chélation à l'EDTA et ces granules réapparaissent aux mêmes localisations après adjonction d'ions calcium au milieu d'incubation. L'existence de sites de liaisons spécifiques inter et intramyofibrillaires est ainsi confirmée. Les sites de liaison des myofilaments sont en rapport avec la longueur du sarcomère, étant donné que la localisation des granules est différente lorsque des sarcomères plus courts sont comparés à des sarcomères plus longs. Il semble que le calcium lié aux myofilaments joue un rôle essentiel au cours de la coordination et de la phase de repos de la contraction musculaire.
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung Die Ultrastruktur des Skelettmuskels von Kaninchen wurde durch Einlegen in Glycerin und Färbung mit Pyroantimonat untersucht. Es wurden im residualen Sarkoplasma-Reticulum elektronendichte Ablagerungen beobachtet und mit Myofilamenten in Zusammenhang gebracht. Diese dichten Granula verschwanden durch Chelation mit EGTA, und neue Granula erschienen an denselben Stellen, wenn dem Inkubationsmedium Calciumionen beigegeben wurden. Auf diese Weise wurde das Auftreten spezifischer inter- und intramyofibrillärer Bindungsstellen bestätigt. Es wurde festgestellt, daß die Myofilament-Bindungsstellen von der Länge der Sarkomeren abhingen, denn die Verteilung der Granula war verschieden, wenn kürzere Sarkomeren mit längeren verglichen wurden. Es wird vorgeschlagen, daß das an Myofilamente gebundene Calcium eine wesentliche Rolle in der Kontraktion, der Verbinding und der Relaxation spielt.
    Notes: Abstract The ultrastructure of rabbit skeletal muscle was studied following glycerolation and staining with pyroantimonate. Electron-dense deposits were observed within the residual sarcoplasmic reticulum and associated with myofilaments. These dense granules were removed by chelation with EGTA and granules reappeared at these same sites upon the addition of calcium ions to the incubation medium. Specific inter- and intra-myofibrillar binding sites were thus confirmed. Myofilament binding sites were found to be a function of sarcomere length, since the granule distribution was different when shorter sarcomeres were compared to longer sarcomeres. It is proposed that calcium bound to myofilaments plays an essential role in contraction coupling and relaxation.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0025-1747
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to reacquaint researchers and practitioners with Barnard's contributions to understanding of the moral conditions that underlie the authenticity of organizational leadership. Design/methodology/approach - The paper identifies Barnard's insights on leadership and uses them as inputs to theorizing about authentic leadership. Findings - As an outcome of theorizing, the paper identifies the conditions that are likely to lead to inauthentic, pseudo-authentic or authentic leader behavior. Research limitations/implications - Examining authentic leadership from a historical perspective can open promising avenues for future research. Practical implications - Leadership development programs should incorporate concepts of responsibility and conflicts of responsibility in order to provide executives with the knowledge base required for ethical decision making. Originality/value - By placing contemporary discussion of authentic leadership in its proper historical context, scholars can draw on a wealth of existing theory to advance the study of authentic leadership.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 68 (1964), S. 3017-3020 
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 386 (1982), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 428 (1984), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Space science reviews 50 (1989), S. 355-355 
    ISSN: 1572-9672
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1573-6865
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In Solenopsis spp., muscle histolysis or breakdown is a normal process in females and is initiated in the flight muscles only immediately after a mating flight. Information regarding the presence of the oxyradical scavenging enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the formation of the radical oxygen intermediate superoxide (SO) during the early stages of flight muscle histolysis in this insect was investigated. In normal fibrillar flight muscles from control animals, SOD was immunolocalized to vesicular and tubular components of the sarcotubular system. Lanthanum tracer studies indicated that some of these SOD-positive structures might be tubulovesicles continuous with the extracellular space. Following the injection of virgin alates with experimental haemolymph obtained from artificially inseminated females, the membrane delimited elements of the sarcotubular system became increasingly swollen and dilated with time (from 60 to 120 minutes postinjection) with a concomitant decrease in SOD activity and an increase in oxyradical formation. Many similar vesicles were lanthanum-positive. SO was not seen in the sarcoplasmic vesicles and tubules of control insects. The biochemical quantification of SO release over a 2-hour period showed a marked increase in oxyradical formation following treatment with the experimental haemolymph in comparison to control insects. Also, the addition of superoxide dismutase depressed SO formation under these conditions. Despite the histochemical and biochemical changes seen in the muscles of experimental insects, by 2 hours post-treatment there was no evidence of muscle necrosis. From these studies on flight muscle histolysis/necrosis in Solenopsis it appears that the formation of oxyradicals might represent an early event in myopathogenesis and subsequent tissue involution. The generation of SO is more than likely to be associated with alterations in the normal structure, biochemistry and permeability of the biomembranes which delimit the sarcotubular system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1573-6865
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is a ‘scavenger’ enzyme which catalyses the dismutation (reduction—oxidation) of the superoxide anion (O2 −), a toxic free radical generated during normal cellular respiration. Light microscopy employing immunohistochemistry was utilized for localizing SOD activity in the chick epiphyseal cartilage. Antibodies to mammalian liver CuZn—SOD were prepared and the avidin—biotin—peroxidase technique (ABC complex) was utilized to localize activity for this enzyme in the growth plate cartilage. The localization of enzyme activity varied in accordance with the characteristic zonation pattern of the growth plate (zone of proliferation, zone of maturation, zone of cell hypertrophy and zone of matrix calcification). In the upper regions of the epiphyseal cartilage (the zones of proliferation and maturation), where the vascularity is poor and the oxygen tension low, SOD activity was localized within the chondrocytes. No extracellular activity was observed. However, in the lower regions of the growth plate (the zones of cell hypertrophy and matrix calcification), where both the vascularity and the oxygen tensions are increased, SOD activity was intense in both the chondrocytes and the surrounding extracellular matrix. Thus, the distribution of SOD enzyme activity in this tissue seems to vary in accordance with the level of oxygen present. The significance of the extracellular SOD activity, seen in the lower aspects of the growth plate cartilage, may indicate the sensitivity of matrix components, especially collagen, to toxic free radicals such as the superoxide anion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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