Publication Date:
2014-05-09
Description:
In the ciliate Paramecium, transposable elements and their single-copy remnants are deleted during the development of somatic macronuclei from germline micronuclei, at each sexual generation. Deletions are targeted by scnRNAs, small RNAs produced from the germ line during meiosis that first scan the maternal macronuclear genome to identify missing sequences, and then allow the zygotic macronucleus to reproduce the same deletions. Here we show that this process accounts for the maternal inheritance of mating types in Paramecium tetraurelia, a long-standing problem in epigenetics. Mating type E depends on expression of the transmembrane protein mtA, and the default type O is determined during development by scnRNA-dependent excision of the mtA promoter. In the sibling species Paramecium septaurelia, mating type O is determined by coding-sequence deletions in a different gene, mtB, which is specifically required for mtA expression. These independently evolved mechanisms suggest frequent exaptation of the scnRNA pathway to regulate cellular genes and mediate transgenerational epigenetic inheritance of essential phenotypic polymorphisms.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Singh, Deepankar Pratap -- Saudemont, Baptiste -- Guglielmi, Gerard -- Arnaiz, Olivier -- Gout, Jean-Francois -- Prajer, Malgorzata -- Potekhin, Alexey -- Przybos, Ewa -- Aubusson-Fleury, Anne -- Bhullar, Simran -- Bouhouche, Khaled -- Lhuillier-Akakpo, Maoussi -- Tanty, Veronique -- Blugeon, Corinne -- Alberti, Adriana -- Labadie, Karine -- Aury, Jean-Marc -- Sperling, Linda -- Duharcourt, Sandra -- Meyer, Eric -- England -- Nature. 2014 May 22;509(7501):447-52. doi: 10.1038/nature13318. Epub 2014 May 7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉1] Ecole Normale Superieure, Institut de Biologie de l'ENS, IBENS; Inserm, U1024; CNRS, UMR 8197 Paris F-75005, France [2] Sorbonne Universites, UPMC Univ., IFD, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris cedex 05, France. ; 1] Ecole Normale Superieure, Institut de Biologie de l'ENS, IBENS; Inserm, U1024; CNRS, UMR 8197 Paris F-75005, France [2] Sorbonne Universites, UPMC Univ., IFD, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris cedex 05, France [3] Laboratoire de Biochimie, Unite Mixte de Recherche 8231, Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles, 75231 Paris, France (B.S.); Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA (J.-F.G.); INRA, UMR 1061 Unite de Genetique Moleculaire Animale, Universite de Limoges, IFR 145, Faculte des Sciences et Techniques, 87060 Limoges, France (K.B.). ; Ecole Normale Superieure, Institut de Biologie de l'ENS, IBENS; Inserm, U1024; CNRS, UMR 8197 Paris F-75005, France. ; CNRS UPR3404 Centre de Genetique Moleculaire, Gif-sur-Yvette F-91198, and Universite Paris-Sud, Departement de Biologie, Orsay F-91405, France. ; 1] CNRS UMR5558, Laboratoire de Biometrie et Biologie Evolutive, Universite de Lyon, 43 boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, Villeurbanne F-69622, France [2] Laboratoire de Biochimie, Unite Mixte de Recherche 8231, Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles, 75231 Paris, France (B.S.); Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA (J.-F.G.); INRA, UMR 1061 Unite de Genetique Moleculaire Animale, Universite de Limoges, IFR 145, Faculte des Sciences et Techniques, 87060 Limoges, France (K.B.). ; Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals, Polish Academy of Sciences, Slawkowska 17, 31-016 Krakow, Poland. ; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, St Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia. ; 1] Ecole Normale Superieure, Institut de Biologie de l'ENS, IBENS; Inserm, U1024; CNRS, UMR 8197 Paris F-75005, France [2] Laboratoire de Biochimie, Unite Mixte de Recherche 8231, Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles, 75231 Paris, France (B.S.); Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA (J.-F.G.); INRA, UMR 1061 Unite de Genetique Moleculaire Animale, Universite de Limoges, IFR 145, Faculte des Sciences et Techniques, 87060 Limoges, France (K.B.). ; 1] Sorbonne Universites, UPMC Univ., IFD, 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris cedex 05, France [2] Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS, UMR 7592, Universite Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Paris F-75205, France. ; Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique (CEA), Institut de Genomique (IG), Genoscope, 2 rue Gaston Cremieux, BP5706, 91057 Evry, France. ; Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS, UMR 7592, Universite Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cite, Paris F-75205, France.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24805235" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
Keywords:
DNA Transposable Elements/genetics
;
Epigenesis, Genetic/*genetics
;
Gene Expression Regulation
;
Genes/genetics
;
Genome/*genetics
;
Inheritance Patterns/*genetics
;
Molecular Sequence Data
;
Paramecium tetraurelia/*genetics/physiology
;
Promoter Regions, Genetic/genetics
;
RNA, Small Interfering/*genetics
;
Reproduction/genetics/physiology
;
Sequence Deletion/genetics
Print ISSN:
0028-0836
Electronic ISSN:
1476-4687
Topics:
Biology
,
Chemistry and Pharmacology
,
Medicine
,
Natural Sciences in General
,
Physics
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