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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from immature cotyledons of watermelon (1993)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 12 (1993), S. 61-65 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Citrullus lanatus ; cucurbits ; tissue culture
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Cotyledon expiants from immature embryos of five watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.)Matsum. & Nakai] genotypes were incubated in the dark for three weeks on a modified MS medium containing B5 vitamins, 2,4-D (10, 20 or 40μM), 0.5 μM of either BA or TDZ, and 7 g·1-1 TC agar. Somatic embryos, some with well developed cotyledons, were observed on cotyledon expiants three to four weeks after transfer to MS medium without PGRs and 16h photoperiod. The best PGR combination for somatic embryogenesis was 10 μM 2,4-D and 0.5 μM TDZ Somatic embryogenesis was greatest (30%) when cotyledon expiants were established from 18-day-old immature embryos. Somatic embryos were germinated on MS medium without PGRs. Plants were transferred to Magenta boxes containing ProMix for three weeks before being transplanted to the field where they formed fertile male and female flowers that produced normal fruit.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00241935
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of tetraploid regenerants from cotyledons of diploid watermelon cultured in vitro (1996)
    Springer
    Euphytica 87 (1996), S. 165-172 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Citrullus lanatus ; cucurbits ; tissue culture ; adventitious shoot organogenesis ; seedless watermelon
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Adventitious shoots were obtained from the diploid watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai] cultivars Dixielee, Jubilee II, Mickylee, Minilee, and Royal Sweet by culturing excised cotyledons on shoot regeneration medium for six weeks. Tetraploid and diploid regenerants were identified by counting the number of chloroplasts per guard cell pair from leaves of regenerated plants. Cross fertilization of putative tetraploids with diploid pollinators and the production of triploid seed confirmed the efficacy of this approach. The mean number of chloroplasts for tetraploid regenerants was 19.1 whereas diploids averaged 11.2. These values were similar to tetraploid and diploid plants from seed. Ovary diameter, petal, and anther diameter of male flowers, and leaf length by width ratio were also good indicators of plant ploidy. Progeny obtained from self-fertile tetraploids of ‘Mickylee’ were crossed with various diploid pollinators to produce triploid hybrid seed. All triploid plants from tissue culture-derived tetraploids produced fruit comparable in quality to fruit produced by currently-available triploid hybrids, demonstrating that in vitro tetraploid induction can be used to produce high quality tetraploid plants for use in triploid hybrid seed production.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00023744
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A simple protocol for micropropagating diploid and tetraploid watermelon using shoot-tip explants (1993)
    Springer
    Plant cell, tissue and organ culture 33 (1993), S. 211-217 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5044
    Keywords: Citrullus ; seedless watermelon ; triploid watermelon ; tissue culture
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Shoot-tip explants from 21-day-old aseptically-germinated watermelon seedlings were incubated on solidified MS medium containing test concentrations of benzyladenine (BA) and kinetin (each at 0, 1, 5 or 10 µM), and thidiazuron (TDZ; 0, 0.1, 1 or 5 µM) for 8 weeks. Approximately 1.5x–2.8x more axillary shoots formed at the optimum BA level (1 µM) compared to the best TDZ (0.1 µM) or kinetin (10 µM) concentration. The ability of various diploid and tetraploid genotypes to undergo prolonged axillary shoot proliferation on medium with 1 µM BA was examined. Among the genotypes tested, the number of axillary shoots per explant was greater for ‘Bush Jubilee’ and ‘Jubilee II’ than for ‘Minilee’, ‘Dixielee’, and the tetraploid genotypes. For a majority of the genotypes tested, the number of shoots per explant was low (2.7–4.0) during the first month of culture, peaked (5.3–12.5) at 2 to 3 months, and then declined (3.7–7.7) at 6 months. In contrast, the number of shoots per explant was greatest (11.7) for ‘Bush Jubilee’ during the first month of culture and declined to 7.7 by the sixth subculture. The percentage of rooted shoots varied from 60% to 100% and the percentage of acclimatized plants ranged from 21% to 96% depending on the genotype and the length of time in culture. Using this procedure, 13,200 finished plants could be produced in 3 months from 250 seedlings.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01983236
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Statistical methods suitable for the analysis of plant tissue culture data (1994)
    Springer
    Plant cell, tissue and organ culture 37 (1994), S. 217-242 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5044
    Keywords: analysis of variance ; data transformation ; mean separation ; statistical analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Statistical analyses are an essential part of biological research. Statistical methods are available to biological researchers that range from very simple to extremely complex. Therefore, caution should be used when selecting a statistical method. When possible it is best to avoid complicated statistical procedures that are difficult to interpret and may hinder the researcher's ability to make treatment comparisons. Instead a method should be chosen that compliments a logical and practical treatment design. Statistics should be used as a tool to compare treatments of interest and should not dictate the treatments. Experimental designs should take into account the eventual analysis, otherwise one could conceive of a design that could not be analyzed or, when analyzed, would not answer the desired questions. Therefore, time should be spent before conducting an experiment to plan an experimental design and analysis that best compliments the treatment scheme and questions to be answered. The purpose of this paper is to present examples of experimental designs, means separation procedures, data transformations and presentation methods suitable for plant cell and tissue culture data.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00042336
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dark pretreatment improves adventitious shoot organogenesis from cotyledons of diploid watermelon (1999)
    Springer
    Plant cell, tissue and organ culture 58 (1999), S. 185-188 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5044
    Keywords: caulogenesis ; Citrullus lanatus ; Cucurbitaceae ; photoperiod
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The influence of light incubation during embryo germination on shoot organogenesis from cotyledons of four diploid watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thumb.) Matsum. & Nakai cultivars was examined. Germinating embryos in darkness significantly improved the number of explants that produced harvestable shoots during the 6 week incubation period on shoot regeneration medium under a 16-h photoperiod. The percentage of explants with shoots more than doubled for `Crimson Sweet' and was about 1.5-fold greater for `Sweet Gem' and `Yellow Doll' when embryos were germinated in darkness. The percentage of explants with shoots was not significantly improved for `Minilee' by pretreating seedlings in darkness. This study demonstrates that optimal shoot regeneration can be obtained by germinating embryos in darkness before preparing cotyledon explants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006364013126
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Shoot, root and flower morphogenesis on tomato inflorescence explants (1991)
    Springer
    Plant cell, tissue and organ culture 24 (1991), S. 223-231 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5044
    Keywords: flower morphogenesis ; inflorescence explants ; Lycopersicon esculentum ; root morphogenesis ; shoot morphogenesis ; tomato
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Regeneration of de novo shoots, roots and flowers has been obtained on inflorescence explants of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) were added in a 3×3×3 factorial combination with kinetin, each at 0.001, 0.1 and 10 μM concentrations. Direct shoot formation occurred on media with 10 μM kinetin and 0.001 μM IAA or NAA. Root formation was observed on media with 0.1–10 μM IAA, IBA or NAA. Flower formation occurred on elongated shoots with several leaves on media with 10 μM IAA and 0.1 μM kinetin. Shoot organogenesis was increased by substituting 10 μM zeatin or N6-benzyladenine (BA) for kinetin. Eleven tomato cultivars were tested for their ability to undergo de novo shoot regeneration on the improved medium. All tomato cultivars were capable of shoot morphogenesis with a mean number of shoots per explant that ranged from 1.3 (‘Red Alert’) to 5.3 (‘Large Red Cherry’). Histological studies revealed that active cell divisions occurred in subepidermal and cambial tisue during the first week of culture. Meristematic centers of dividing cells were evident by day 14, and well-developed shoot apices and leaf structures were observed on 50% of the explants 28 days after culture initiation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00033481
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Use of fluorescein diacetate (FDA) to determine ploidy of in vitro watermelon shoots (1999)
    Springer
    Plant cell, tissue and organ culture 58 (1999), S. 199-203 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5044
    Keywords: triploid watermelon ; seedless watermelon ; tetraploid watermelon ; plant breeding ; somaclonal variation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Ploidy of watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. and Nakai shoots and plantlets was estimated by painting the lower epidermis of intact in vitro-derived leaves with fluorescein diacetate (FDA) and observing fluorescence of guard cell chloroplasts with a microscope and UV light. Leaves from in vitro shoot-tip cultures of known diploid cultivars and tetraploid breeding lines were used to establish the mean number of chloroplasts per guard cell pair. Leaves from diploid and tetraploid shoot cultures had 9.7 and 17.8 chloroplasts per guard cell pair, respectively. This method then was used to estimate the ploidy of shoots regenerated from cotyledon explants of the diploid cultivar Minilee. Approximately 11% of the 188 regenerated shoots were classified as tetraploid during in vitro culture. Putative tetraploids were transplanted to the field and self-pollinated. About 45% of tetraploids identified in vitro produced fruit and viable seed. Chloroplast counts of R1 progeny were used to confirm their ploidy. All of the putative diploids were confirmed diploid and all putative tetraploids proved to be non-chimeric true breeding tetraploids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006371516394
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The kinetic isotope effect for carbon and oxygen in the reaction CO + OH (1980)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Chemical Kinetics 12 (1980), S. 935-948 
    Details
    ISSN: 0538-8066
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Physical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The kinetic isotope effect (KIE) for carbon and oxygen in the reaction CO + OH has been measured over a range of pressures of air and at 0.2 and 1.0 atm of oxygen, argon, and helium. The reaction was carried out with 21-86% conversion under static conditions, utilizing the photolysis of H2O2 as a source of OH radicals. The value of the KIE for carbon varies with pressure and the kind of ambient gas; for air the ratio of the reaction rates 12k/13k has the value 1.007 at 1.00 atm and decreases to 0.997 at 0.2 atm; for oxygen and argon over the same pressure range the values are 1.002-0.994 and 1.000-0.991, respectively. The value of the KIE for the CO oxygen atom is 16k/18k = 0.990 over the pressure range 0.2-1.0 atm and is independent of the kind of ambient gas. No exchange of the oxygen atoms in the activated complex, followed by decomposition to the starting molecules, was observed. From the mechanistic standpoint the normal KIE observed for carbon at the high pressure is attributed to the initial formation of the activated HOCO radical, whereas the inverse KIE observed at low pressures is a result of the KIE for the reverse reaction HOCO† → CO + OH being greater than that for the forward reaction HOCO† → CO2 + H. The derived isotopic equilibrium constant for HOCO ⇄CO favors the enrichment of 13C in the more strongly bound HOCO.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/kin.550121205
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  • 9
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    Authorization in cross-border eHealth systems (2011)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-07-26
    Print ISSN: 1387-3326
    Electronic ISSN: 1572-9419
    Topics: Computer Science
    Published by Springer
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 10
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    Exploratory evaluation of moving-model technique for measurement of dynamic ground effects (1988)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Keywords: RESEARCH AND SUPPORT FACILITIES (AIR)
    Type: Journal of Aircraft (ISSN 0021-8669); 25; 557-562
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
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