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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of ribosomal ITS1 sequences indicates a deep divergence between Rhodactis (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Corallimorpharia) species from the Caribbean and the Indo-Pacific/Red Sea (1996)
    Springer
    Marine biology 126 (1996), S. 423-432 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract This paper explores the implications of ribosomal ITS1-sequence analysis for evolutionary relationships between four species of corallimorphs which are morphologically very similar but have distinct distributions. The analyses highlight the unreliability of morphological criteria in establishing systematic relationships amongst tropical corallimorphs. Both parsimony and distance methods of phylogenetic analysis strongly support a deep divergence between the Caribbean species Rhodactics sanctithoma and the three morphologically-related species R. howesii and R. indosinensis from the Indo-Pacific and R. rhodostoma from the Red Sea. The analyses also strongly support a closer relationship between the Red Sea species, R. rhodostoma, and one of the Indo-Pacific species, R. howesii, than between these two and the second Indo-Pacific species, R. indosinensis. The first of these results is presumably a consequence of the closure of the Central American Seaway, the event which led to the separate development of Atlantic and Indo-Pacific coral faunas. However, the lack of detailed distribution data represents a major barrier to reconstructing the evolutionary history of the genus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00354624
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of initial states on the phase diagram of the structural pattern in magnetic fluid films under perpendicular magnetic field (2001)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 79 (2001), S. 2360-2362 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: When a magnetic fluid thin film is subjected to a magnetic field perpendicular to the plane of the film, a portion of magnetic particles is condensed out from the initially monodispersed magnetic fluid and forms magnetic columns. These columns evolve from a disordered column phase to a two-dimensional ordered structural pattern as the field strength reaches some critical value, Hh. The structural pattern formative process of the ordered structures that follows depends on the condition of the disordered column phase. In the letter, the effect of the initial disordered column phase, which can be altered by changing the initial field strength, Hi, on the formative process of the ordered structures is studied, and a phase diagram on the H–Hi plane is constructed. With an initial field strength that exceeds Hh, the structural pattern formative process goes through a plateau, a transition phase, and another plateau. On the other hand, if the initial field strength is less than Hh, the columns in the disordered column phase split and new columns emerge in the magnetic fluid film as the field strength increases. Finally, the structural pattern reaches a plateau. In both processes, the distance between columns in the structural patterns converges to that of a pseudostatic case. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1409272
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reassessing evolutionary relationships of scleractinian corals (1996)
    Springer
    Coral reefs 15 (1996), S. 1-9 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0975
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The widely accepted family tree of Scleractinia published by Wells, based on a combination of morphological coral taxonomy and the fossil record, has recently been revised by Veron. It is now possible to test the validity of some of the conclusions reached by these and other authors by the use of molecular techniques. This paper reviews the results to date. Studies of ribosomal DNA have shown that the Scleractinia are monophyletic, i.e. derived from the same ancestral taxon. Extensions of this same data set now indicate that the Poritidae and Dendrophylliidae, with their fossil antecedents, may each warrant separate suborder status. They further suggest (a) that the Suborder Faviina (faviids, mussids and their allies) should probably be retained as a monophyletic group and (b) that Wells' original account of the isolated position of the Pocilloporidae and Astrocoeniidae is correct. These conclusions all accord with Veron's family tree. However, the Fungiina, even after removal of the Poritidae, are unlikely to be a monophyletic group at suborder level. The molecular data further show that externally observable morphological characters used in the taxonomy of extant corals distinguish families more reliably than do internal micro-skeletal characters frequently used in coral palaeontology.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01626073
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reassessing evolutionary relationships of scleractinian corals (1996)
    Springer
    Coral reefs 15 (1996), S. 1-9 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0975
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract.  The widely accepted family tree of Scleractinia published by Wells, based on a combination of morphological coral taxonomy and the fossil record, has recently been revised by Veron. It is now possible to test the validity of some of the conclusions reached by these and other authors by the use of molecular techniques. This paper reviews the results to date. Studies of ribosomal DNA have shown that the Scleractinia are monophyletic, i.e. derived from the same ancestral taxon. Extensions of this same data set now indicate that the Poritidae and Dendrophylliidae, with their fossil antecedents, may each warrant separate suborder status. They further suggest (a) that the Suborder Faviina (faviids, mussids and their allies) should probably be retained as a monophyletic group and (b) that Wells’ original account of the isolated position of the Pocilloporidae and Astrocoeniidae is correct. These conclusions all accord with Veron’s family tree. However, the Fungiina, even after removal of the Poritidae, are unlikely to be a monophyletic group at suborder level. The molecular data further show that externally observable morphological characters used in the taxonomy of extant corals distinguish families more reliably than do internal micro-skeletal characters frequently used in coral palaeontology.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01626073
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The speed of sound in mixtures of the major sea salts. A test of Young's rule for adiabatic PVT properties (1985)
    Springer
    Journal of solution chemistry 14 (1985), S. 301-310 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8927
    Keywords: Speed of sound ; adiabatic properties ; sea salts ; NaCl ; MgSO4 ; MgCl2 ; Na2SO4
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The relative sound speed of mixtures of aqueous solutions of NaCl−MgSO4 and MgCl2−Na2SO4 at I=0.1 and 0.5m have been determined at 5, 15, and 25°C and pressures to 1000 bars. The resulting sound speeds, adiabatic and apparent molal compressibilities have been compared to results estimated from binary solutions using an additivity principle — Young's rule. The estimated sound speeds agree with the measured values for the NaCl−MgSO4 system to ±0.15 m-sec−1 and for the Na2SO4−MgCL2 system to ±0.20 m-sec−1. The deviations increase with increasing ionic strength (±0.08 m-sec−1 at I=0.1 and ±0.25 m-sec−1 at I=0.5 m). The sound speed of seawater have also been estimated from 0 to 40°C, 0.1 to 0.7 ionic strength and 0 to 1000 bars. The estimates were found to be in good agreement (±0.4 m-sec−1) with the measured values. These results indicate that reasonable estimates of the adiabatic PVT properties of dilute mixtures of electrolyte solutions can be made using the additivity principle, without excess mixing terms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00644460
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  • 6
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    Direct Evidence for EMIC Wave Scattering of Relativistic Electrons in Space (2016)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-07-12
    Description: Electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves have been proposed to cause efficient losses of highly relativistic (〉1 MeV) electrons via gyroresonant interactions. Simultaneous observations of EMIC waves and equatorial electron pitch angle distributions, which can be used to directly quantify the EMIC wave scattering effect, are still very limited, however. In the present study, we evaluate the effect of EMIC waves on pitch angle scattering of ultra-relativistic (〉1 MeV) electrons during the main phase of a geomagnetic storm, when intense EMIC wave activity was observed in situ (in the plasma plume region with high plasma density) on both Van Allen Probes. EMIC waves captured by THEMIS probes and on the ground across the Canadian Array for Real-time Investigations of Magnetic Activity (CARISMA) are also used to infer their MLT coverage. From the observed EMIC wave spectra and local plasma parameters, we compute wave diffusion rates and model the evolution of electron pitch angle distributions. By comparing model results with local observations of pitch angle distributions, we show direct, quantitative evidence of EMIC wave-driven relativistic electron losses in the Earth's outer radiation belt.
    Print ISSN: 0148-0227
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 7
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    Transport properties in single-crystalline rutile TiO2 nanorods (2011)
    American Institute of Physics
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-11-28
    Print ISSN: 0003-6951
    Electronic ISSN: 1077-3118
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics
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  • 8
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    Effect of initial states on the phase diagram of the structural pattern in magnetic fluid films under perpendicular magnetic field (2001)
    American Institute of Physics
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-10-08
    Print ISSN: 0003-6951
    Electronic ISSN: 1077-3118
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics
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  • 9
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    Ultrahigh efficient single-crystalline TiO2 nanorod photoconductors (2012)
    American Institute of Physics
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-03-19
    Print ISSN: 0003-6951
    Electronic ISSN: 1077-3118
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics
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  • 10
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    Mitochondrial Genome Rearrangements in the Scleractinia/Corallimorpharia Complex: Implications for Coral Phylogeny (2014)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-05-10
    Description: Corallimorpharia is a small Order of skeleton-less animals that is closely related to the reef-building corals (Scleractinia) and of fundamental interest in the context of understanding the potential impacts of climate change in the future on coral reefs. The relationship between the nominal Orders Corallimorpharia and Scleractinia is controversial—the former is either the closest outgroup to the Scleractinia or alternatively is derived from corals via skeleton loss. This latter scenario, the "naked coral" hypothesis, is strongly supported by analyses based on mitochondrial (mt) protein sequences, whereas the former is equally strongly supported by analyses of mt nucleotide sequences. The "naked coral" hypothesis seeks to link skeleton loss in the putative ancestor of corallimorpharians with a period of elevated oceanic CO 2 during the Cretaceous, leading to the idea that these skeleton-less animals may be harbingers for the fate of coral reefs under global climate change. In an attempt to better understand their evolutionary relationships, we examined mt genome organization in a representative range (12 species, representing 3 of the 4 extant families) of corallimorpharians and compared these patterns with other Hexacorallia. The most surprising finding was that mt genome organization in Corallimorphus profundus , a deep-water species that is the most scleractinian-like of all corallimorpharians on the basis of morphology, was much more similar to the common scleractinian pattern than to those of other corallimorpharians. This finding is consistent with the idea that C. profundus represents a key position in the coral 〈-〉 corallimorpharian transition.
    Electronic ISSN: 1759-6653
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Oxford University Press
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