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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hydrophilins from distant organisms can protect enzymatic activities from water limitation effects in vitro (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 28 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Hydrophilins are a wide group of proteins whose defining characteristics are high hydrophilicity index (〉 1.0) and high glycine content (〉 6%). The transcripts of most hydrophilins accumulate in response to water deficit in organisms such as plants, fungi and bacteria. In plants, most of the known Late Embryogenesis Abundant (LEA) proteins belong to this group (Garay-Arroyo et al., Journal of Biological Chemistry 275, 5668–5674, 2000). To gain insight into the function of hydrophilins, an in vitro assay was developed in which the enzymes malate dehydrogenase (MDH) or lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) are subjected to controlled partial water removal. Subtle changes in conformation during partial water removal were detected using 1-anilinonaphtalene-8-sulphonate (ANS), a fluorescent probe, whose emission at 460 nm increases when bound to hydrophobic groups. The results show that water limitation conditions imposed in this in vitro assay induce changes in MDH or LDH protein structures, which correlate with enzyme inactivation. It is also shown that plant, fungal and bacterial hydrophilins are able to protect enzymatic activities from water-loss effects in this in vitro system, in a wide range of water potentials. In addition, the data in this work indicate that the presence of hydrophilins also avoids the MDH and LDH conformational modifications caused during the assay. These results show that hydrophilins are able to protect enzymatic activities from inactivation due to in vitro partial water limitation and thus suggest a function for these proteins in vivo.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.2005.01317.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of NaCl salinity in vivo and in vitro on ribonuclease activity of Vigna unguiculata cotyledons during germination (1983)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 59 (1983), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Pitiuba bean [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] seeds were sown in water or. in 0.1 M NaCl. Seedling growth and cotyledon nucleic acid mobilization were delayed by NaCl salinity. The differences in cotyledonary RNase activity between seeds sown in water and in NaCl solutions suggest that salinity delays the activation and/or de novo synthesis of the enzyme. Cotyledon extracts were subjected to gel filtration through Sephadex G-100, and RNase activity measured. Only one cotyledonary RNase appeared during germination, and salinity did not induce any change in molecular weight of the enzyme. Salinity inhibited 45% of the specific activity of the RNase on the 5th day of the experimental period. The same salt concentration (0.1 M NaCl) added in vitro inhibited only 8 % of the specific activity of the enzyme. This difference may indicate that NaCl in vivo affects mainly the de novo synthesis of the RNase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1983.tb00755.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Actin expression in germinating seeds of Phaseolus vulgaris L. (1999)
    Springer
    Planta 207 (1999), S. 582-589 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Key words: Actin ; Cytoskeleton ; Gene expression (actin) ; Germination ; Imbibition ; Phaseolus (seed actin)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract. Actin was present at very low levels in the seeds of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) compared with those from other species, and was observed mostly in the embryo. A time-course of actin expression in germinating bean seeds revealed an induced expression of both the mRNA and protein. Initially, the actin mRNA in seeds was barely detectable by northern blot analysis. However, there was a substantial increase in the expression of the actin mRNA at 24, 48 and 72 h after imbibition, compared with an internal control consisting of a late-embryogenesis-abundant (LEA) type IV gene from P. vulgaris. An increase in the amount of actin in total seed extracts that parallelled that of the mRNA was detected by western blotting starting at 24 h after imbibition. This increase was more apparent when the embryo alone was analyzed. Two-dimensional western blots initially revealed three actin isoforms with isoelectric points (pIs) of approximately 5.6, 5.7 and 5.8, the amounts of which increased within a 48-h period, when a new minor isoform of pI approximately 5.5 appeared; however, after 72 h, the pI-5.8 isoform had almost disappeared and the pI-5.5 isoform had disappeared completely, indicating that these two minor isoforms are expressed transiently. These results indicate that actin is at very low levels in the dry seed but undergoes an increased and differential expression during imbibition, an event probably required to carry out all the necessary functions for germination.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004250050521
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Localization of plasma membrane H+-ATPase in nodules of Phaseolus vulgaris L. (1996)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 32 (1996), S. 1043-1053 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: H+-ATPase ; immunolocalization ; in situ hybridization ; nodules ; Phaseolus vulgaris ; transport
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Legume nodules have specialized transport functions for the exchange of carbon and nitrogen compounds between bacteroids and root cells. Plasma membrane-type (vanadate-sensitive) H+-ATPase energizes secondary active transporters in plant cells and it could drive exchanges across peribacteroidal and plasmatic membranes. A nodule cDNA corresponding to a major isoform of Phaseolus vulgaris H+-ATPase (designated BHA1) has been cloned. BHA1 is a functional proton pump because after removal of its inhibitory domain and can complement a yeast mutant unable to synthesize a H+-ATPase. BHA1 is not nodule-specific, since it is also expressed in roots of uninfected plants. It belongs to the subfamily of plasma membrane H+-ATPases defined by the Arabidopsis AHA1, AHA2 and AHA3 genes and the tobacco PMA4 and corn MHA2 genes. In situ hybridization in nodule sections indicates high expression of BHA1 limited to uninfected cells. These results were confirmed by immunocytochemistry. The relatively low expression of plasma membrane-type H+-ATPase in Rhizobium-infected cells put a note of caution on the origin of the vanadate-sensitive ATPase described in preparations of peribacteroidal membranes. Also, our results indicate that active transport in symbiotic nodules is most intense at the plasma membrane of uninfected cells and support a specialized role of uninfected tissue for nitrogen transport.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00041388
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of Phaseolus vulgaris cDNA clones responsive to water deficit: identification of a novel late embryogenesis abundant-like protein (1997)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 35 (1997), S. 393-405 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: Phaseolus vulgaris ; water-deficit genes ; late embryogenesis-abundant proteins ; proline-rich proteins ; lipid transfer proteins ; low-molecular-weight heat shock proteins
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Six cDNA clones from Phaseolus vulgaris, whose expression is induced by water deficit and ABA treatment (rsP cDNAs) were identified and characterized. The sequence analyses of the isolated clones suggest that they encode two types of late-embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins, a class-1 cytoplasmic low-molecular-weight heat shock protein (lmw-HSP), a lipid transfer protein (LTP), and two different proline-rich proteins (PRP). One of the putative LEA proteins identified corresponds to a novel 9.3 kDa LEA-like protein. During the plant response to a mild water deficit (Ψw= −0.35 MPa) all genes identified present a maximal expression at around 16 or 24 h of treatment, followed by a decline in expression levels. Rehydration experiments revealed that those genes encoding PRPs and LTP transiently re-induce or maintain their expression when water is added to the soil after a dehydration period. This is not the case for the lea genes whose transcripts rapidly decrease, reaching basal levels a few hours after rehydration (4 h). Under water deficit and ABA treatments, the highest levels of expression for most of the genes occur in the root, excluding the ltp gene whose maximum expression levels are found in the aerial regions of the plant. This indicates that for these genes, both water deficit and ABA-dependent expression are under organ-specific control. The data presented here support the importance of these proteins during the plant response to water deficit.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005802505731
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of nodule-specific genes in Phaseolus vulgaris L. (1987)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 9 (1987), S. 521-532 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: gene expression ; nitrogen fixation ; nodulins ; Phaseolus vulgaris ; Rhizobium ; root-nodule development
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The identification of some nodule-specific host proteins (nodulins) from common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), a tropical ureide-transporting legume, is described. Particularly, the existence and developmental expression of several abundant nodule-specific transcripts of P. vulgaris are shown, including leghemoglobin, nodulespecific uricase and a group that in vitro translates into a cluster of about 30 kDa products. The expression pattern of nodulins in effective (Fix+) nodules compared to ineffective (Fix-) ones is also presented. The modified expression of main nodulins observed between these nodules indicates that different levels and/or factors associated with their regulation are involved. The intracellular infection by Rhizobium as a decisive step in the induction of some P. vulgaris nodulins is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00020530
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The expression of a chimeric Phaseolus vulgaris nodulin 30-GUS gene is restricted to the rhizobially infected cells in transgenic Lotus corniculatus nodules (1994)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 26 (1994), S. 1995-2001 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: gene regulation ; nodule ; nodulin ; Phaseolus vulgaris ; transgenic plants
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In Phaseolus vulgaris there is a nodulin family, Npv30, of ca. 30 kDa, as detected in an in vitro translation assay [2]. We isolated a gene (npv30-1) for one of the members of this family. The nucleotide sequence of the promoter of npv30-1 contains nodule-specific motifs common to other late nodulin genes. The promoter was fused to the GUS reporter gene; this chimeric fusion was introduced into Lotus corniculatus via Agrobacterium rhizogenes transformation. GUS activity was only detected in the infected cells of the nodules of transgenic plants. By contrast, the expression of a 35S-GUS construct was restricted to the uninfected cells and the vascular tissue.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00019510
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nodule-specific glutamine synthetase is expressed before the onset of nitrogen fixation in Phaseolus vulgaris L. (1987)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 9 (1987), S. 65-74 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: glutamine synthetase polypeptides ; nitrogen fixation ; root-nodule development ; nodulins ; Phaseolus vulgaris
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Glutamine synthetase expression was studied in developing root-nodules of common bean with regard to the time-course of specific activity, antigen accumulation, polypeptide composition and in vitro translation products. This analysis shows that the nodule-specific GS polypeptide (GS-gamma) is detected prior to the nitrogenase acetylene-reducing activity, and that its accumulation together with that of the GS-alpha and GS-beta polypeptides vary with nodule age. GS-gamma is present in ineffective nodules, although in a lower ratio to GS-beta than in wild-type nodules. Comparisons of in vitro translated and in vivo synthesized GS polypeptides suggest no post-translational modifications. The possible factors and mechanisms involved in the regulation of expression of GS polypeptides are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00017988
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Establishment of callus and cell suspension cultures of Opuntia ficus-indica (1999)
    Springer
    Plant cell, tissue and organ culture 58 (1999), S. 155-157 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5044
    Keywords: Cactaceae ; forage crops ; in vitro propagation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Friable callus cultures were initiated from cotyledons and hypocotyls of Opuntia ficus-indica. Explants from cotyledons produced significantly more callus than those from hypocotyls. Optimum callus growth was observed on Murashige & Skoog medium supplemented with 0.9 μM 6-furfurylaminopurine, 2.3 μM 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 1.0 μM 4-amino 3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid, 400 mg l-1 casein hydrolysate and 3% sucrose. The same medium without agar was used for establishing cell suspensions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006315729266
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  • 10
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    Total Phenolics of Virgin Olive Oils Highly Correlate with the Hydrogen Atom Transfer Mechanism of Antioxidant Capacity (2015)
    Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-03-15
    Print ISSN: 0003-021X
    Electronic ISSN: 1558-9331
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Published by Wiley
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