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  • 1
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    Resistance to an herbivore through engineered cyanogenic glucoside synthesis (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-07-28
    Description: The entire pathway for synthesis of the tyrosine-derived cyanogenic glucoside dhurrin has been transferred from Sorghum bicolor to Arabidopsis thaliana. Here, we document that genetically engineered plants are able to synthesize and store large amounts of new natural products. The presence of dhurrin in the transgenic A. thaliana plants confers resistance to the flea beetle Phyllotreta nemorum, which is a natural pest of other members of the crucifer group, demonstrating the potential utility of cyanogenic glucosides in plant defense.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tattersall, D B -- Bak, S -- Jones, P R -- Olsen, C E -- Nielsen, J K -- Hansen, M L -- Hoj, P B -- Moller, B L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Sep 7;293(5536):1826-8. Epub 2001 Jul 26.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Plant Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Plant Biology, Centre for Molecular Plant Physiology, Department of Chemistry, Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, 40 Thorvaldsensvej, DK-1871, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11474068" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Angiosperms/*enzymology/genetics ; Animals ; Arabidopsis/genetics/*metabolism ; Beetles/*physiology ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System/genetics/metabolism ; *Eating ; Food Chain ; *Genetic Engineering ; Glucosides/analysis/biosynthesis ; Mixed Function Oxygenases/genetics/metabolism ; Nitriles/analysis/*metabolism ; Pest Control, Biological/*methods ; Plant Leaves/genetics/metabolism ; Plants, Genetically Modified
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    NRT/PTR transporters are essential for translocation of glucosinolate defence compounds to seeds (2012)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-08-07
    Description: In plants, transport processes are important for the reallocation of defence compounds to protect tissues of high value, as demonstrated in the plant model Arabidopsis, in which the major defence compounds, glucosinolates, are translocated to seeds on maturation. The molecular basis for long-distance transport of glucosinolates and other defence compounds, however, remains unknown. Here we identify and characterize two members of the nitrate/peptide transporter family, GTR1 and GTR2, as high-affinity, proton-dependent glucosinolate-specific transporters. The gtr1 gtr2 double mutant did not accumulate glucosinolates in seeds and had more than tenfold over-accumulation in source tissues such as leaves and silique walls, indicating that both plasma membrane-localized transporters are essential for long-distance transport of glucosinolates. We propose that GTR1 and GTR2 control the loading of glucosinolates from the apoplasm into the phloem. Identification of the glucosinolate transporters has agricultural potential as a means to control allocation of defence compounds in a tissue-specific manner.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Nour-Eldin, Hussam Hassan -- Andersen, Tonni Grube -- Burow, Meike -- Madsen, Svend Roesen -- Jorgensen, Morten Egevang -- Olsen, Carl Erik -- Dreyer, Ingo -- Hedrich, Rainer -- Geiger, Dietmar -- Halkier, Barbara Ann -- England -- Nature. 2012 Aug 23;488(7412):531-4. doi: 10.1038/nature11285.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, 1871Frederiksberg C, Denmark.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22864417" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Arabidopsis/embryology/genetics/*metabolism ; Arabidopsis Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Biological Transport/drug effects ; Cell Extracts/chemistry ; Evolution, Molecular ; Gene Deletion ; Gene Library ; Genes, Plant/genetics ; Glucosinolates/*metabolism/pharmacology ; Monosaccharide Transport Proteins/deficiency/genetics/*metabolism ; Oocytes/drug effects/metabolism ; Organ Specificity ; Phloem/metabolism ; Protons ; Seeds/*metabolism ; Xenopus laevis
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 3
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    O-glycosylated cell wall proteins are essential in root hair growth (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-06-18
    Description: Root hairs are single cells that develop by tip growth and are specialized in the absorption of nutrients. Their cell walls are composed of polysaccharides and hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins (HRGPs) that include extensins (EXTs) and arabinogalactan-proteins (AGPs). Proline hydroxylation, an early posttranslational modification of HRGPs that is catalyzed by prolyl 4-hydroxylases (P4Hs), defines the subsequent O-glycosylation sites in EXTs (which are mainly arabinosylated) and AGPs (which are mainly arabinogalactosylated). We explored the biological function of P4Hs, arabinosyltransferases, and EXTs in root hair cell growth. Biochemical inhibition or genetic disruption resulted in the blockage of polarized growth in root hairs and reduced arabinosylation of EXTs. Our results demonstrate that correct O-glycosylation on EXTs is essential for cell-wall self-assembly and, hence, root hair elongation in Arabidopsis thaliana.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Velasquez, Silvia M -- Ricardi, Martiniano M -- Dorosz, Javier Gloazzo -- Fernandez, Paula V -- Nadra, Alejandro D -- Pol-Fachin, Laercio -- Egelund, Jack -- Gille, Sascha -- Harholt, Jesper -- Ciancia, Marina -- Verli, Hugo -- Pauly, Markus -- Bacic, Antony -- Olsen, Carl Erik -- Ulvskov, Peter -- Petersen, Bent Larsen -- Somerville, Chris -- Iusem, Norberto D -- Estevez, Jose M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Jun 17;332(6036):1401-3. doi: 10.1126/science.1206657.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Instituto de Fisiologia, Biologia Molecular y Neurociencias-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas (IFIByNE-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1428EGA, Argentina.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21680836" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Arabidopsis/genetics/growth & development/*metabolism ; Arabidopsis Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Arabinose/metabolism ; Carbohydrate Conformation ; Cell Wall/*metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Genes, Plant ; Glycoproteins/chemistry/*metabolism ; Glycosylation ; Glycosyltransferases/genetics/metabolism ; Hydroxylation ; Hydroxyproline/*metabolism ; Models, Biological ; Mutation ; Pentosyltransferases/chemistry/metabolism ; Phenotype ; Plant Proteins/chemistry/*metabolism ; Plant Roots/cytology/*growth & development/metabolism ; Polysaccharides/chemistry ; Procollagen-Proline Dioxygenase/genetics/*metabolism ; Proline/metabolism ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Processing, Post-Translational ; Protein Structure, Secondary
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anomalous surface impedance in reentrant ferromagnetic superconductors (1985)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 57 (1985), S. 3104-3106 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We report evidence which suggests surface ferromagnetism in a ferromagnetic superconductor arising from the competition between the Meissner current shielding effect and the fluctuations of the localized magnetic moments. We have measured the surface impedance penetration depth Λ of ErRh4B4 and Er0.5Ho0.5Rh4B4 by employing a spectrometer operated at 9 GHz. For ErRh4B4, owing to the critical spin fluctuations just above Ts (〉Tc2), the critical temperature at which surface ferromagnetism appears, Λ−1 decreases smoothly as temperature decreases toward Ts. For Er0.5Ho0.5Rh4B4, the decrease of Λ−1 arising from spin fluctuations for T〉Tc2 is very small, and Λ−1 decreases abruptly at Tc2. We will discuss the theory and show how the predicted values of Λ(T) compare well with the observed values.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.335172
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of temperature on the rhythmic emission of volatiles from Ribes nigrum flowers in situ (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 17 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The floral volatiles of blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum) were collected in situ using the headspace technique. Eleven compounds were identified, including monoterpenes hydrocarbons and monoterpene ethers. The fragrance was emitted in a rhythmic manner, the maximum being in the middle of the photoperiod. Emission at 20°C was significantly higher than at 10°C. The rhythmic nature of emission seemed to cease under conditions of constant light. However, a slight rise in emission during the second period in continuous light may indicate a circadian control of emission. The significance of flower volatiles in relation to pollination is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3040.1994.tb02030.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure of β-uranium (1988)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 44 (1988), S. 89-96 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5740
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0108768187009406
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The crystal structure of PuNi3 and CeNi3 (1959)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 12 (1959), S. 689-694 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-5520
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0365110X59002006
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    1-(3,4-Dimethoxy-α,β-dihydrocinnamoyl)pyrrole, a Novel Amide from Piper brachystachyum (1998)
    Oxford [u.a.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 54 (1998), S. 363-365 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5759
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0108270197015606
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the superconductivity in β-beryllium and related phases (1967)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 200 (1967), S. 7-12 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Two high temperature beryllium allotropes have been stabilized at room temperature through the addition of transition elements. Superconductivity has been observed in almost all of them. Beryllium films reported superconducting in the past appear in all probability to require the presence of transition element impurities, in order to show the phenomenon.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01326077
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Can social bees be influenced to choose a specific feeding station by adding the scent of the station to the hive air? (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 21 (1995), S. 1635-1648 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Bombus terrestris ; bumblebee ; Apis mellifera ; honeybee ; floral scent ; hive scent ; foraging choices ; foraging behavior ; positioning ; scent orientation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The behavioral response of honeybees (Apis mellifera L.) and bumblebees (Bombus terrestris L.) to the flower volatiles 2-ethyl-1-hexanol and myrcene isolated in situ from white clover (Trifolium repens L.) and oil seed rape (Brassica napus oleifera), respectively, were investigated on a rotating arena with 12 visually identical, but differently scented, feeding stations. When locating a feeding station, neutral in both shape and color, foragers used scent as orientation cue. Introduction of 2-ethyl-1-hexanol to the honeybee hives induced significantly more visits to sites containing this compound. In contrast, introduction of myrcene to the hives did not influence the foraging choices of honeybees significantly. No effect of hive scent composition on the choices made by bumblebees could be detected. “Experienced” bumble bees, i.e., bees with more than five visits to the feeding stations, tended to visit a particular position on the arena without discriminating between the two volatiles. In contrast, honeybees showed no positioning behavior on the arena, using primarily odoriferous stimuli. The observed influences of addition of scents to the hives are discussed in relation to the general knowledge on foraging behavior of social bees and the emission of volatiles from leaves and flowers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02033666
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