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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultraviolet optical absorptions of semiconducting copper phosphate glasses (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 73 (1993), S. 7760-7766 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Ultraviolet optical absorptions of semiconducting copper phosphate glasses with batch compositions of 40%, 50%, and 55% CuO have been examined as a function of [Cu2+]/[Cutotal] in the glasses. The optical energy gap, Eopt, obtained from the fundamental absorption edge depends upon both glass composition and the ratio [Cu2+]/[Cutotal] in the glass. Eopt increases as CuO content and [Cu2+]/[Cutotal] in the glass are raised. This trend is explained by speculating upon the energy band structure of copper phosphate glass. However, the Urbach energy, ΔE, obtained from the tail of the optical absorption edge is affected solely by [Cu2+]/[Cutotal] in the glass. An absorption band of Cu1+ (in its crystal field) occurs in the vicinity of the absorption tail and is responsible for the increase of ΔE with reducing [Cu2+]/[Cutotal] in the glass.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.353975
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Large Photoinduced Densification in Organically Modified Germanosilicate Glasses (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 87 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Organically modified germanosilicate (ORMOGSIL) glasses prepared by a sol-gel method showed a large refractive index change on ultraviolet exposure. The large photoinduced refractive index change in the ORMOGSIL glasses is mainly due to the structural densification caused by ultraviolet irradiation. The shifts in frequency of the Raman bands measured at room temperature reveal structural densification by reduction of the average intertetrahedral bonding angle θ in the ORMOGSIL glasses. Surface relief patterns by photoinduced densification were directly inscribed on the ORMOGSIL glasses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1551-2916.2004.00155.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurement of the linear electro-optic coefficients of sol-gel derived strontium barium niobate thin films using a two-beam polarization interferometer (2000)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 76 (2000), S. 2671-2673 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A two-beam polarization interferometer in a reflection configuration is used to measure the electro-optic coefficients of highly oriented strontium barium niobate thin films prepared by a sol-gel method. The technique enables the determination of the electro-optic coefficients of films using a strong Fabry–Perot effect with automatic adjustment and maintenance of the operation point of the interferometer. The linear electro-optic coefficients increase with increasing Sr content in the films. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.126439
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crystallization Behavior of Sol–Gel-Derived Strontium Barium Niobate Thin Films (2001)
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 84 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The crystallization of sol–gel-derived strontium barium niobate (SBN) thin films on various substrates is enhanced by a two-step heating process. Also, SBN films with c-axis preferred orientation are obtained on MgO (100) substrates. The crystallized phase and the degree of orientation are dependent on crystallization temperature and film composition. The crystallization temperature required to form a single tetragonal tungsten bronze (TTB) SBN phase increases with an increase of Sr content due to the distorted SBN structure. However, in the case of the film on MgO substrate, the oriented crystallization which forms the single tetragonal phase occurs at a lower crystallization temperature than those of polycrystalline films because of lattice matching between the film and the substrate. Its optical and ferroelectric properties were also investigated. They vary depending on film composition, due to the effect of the distorted SBN structure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.2001.tb00630.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fabrication and Ultraviolet Absorption of Sol–Gel-Derived Germanium Oxide Glass Thin Films (2000)
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 83 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Germanium oxide glass thin films were prepared by the sol–gel method and annealed under reduced atmosphere to create more oxygen-deficient defects. The densification and crystallization were examined depending on sintering and annealing conditions. Thus, homogeneous germanium oxide thin films with a high content of oxygen vacancies were fabricated. Ultraviolet absorption and oxygen vacancies of the films were investigated as a function of annealing temperature and time. Optical absorption in the 5-eV region due to the formation of oxygen vacancies is enhanced with increasing annealing temperature and time. The formation energy of oxygen vacancies is calculated to be about 1.0 eV.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.2000.tb01393.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and Characterization of Highly Oriented Sol-Gel (Pb, La) TiO3 Thin Film Optical Waveguides (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of sol gel science and technology 13 (1998), S. 869-870 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4846
    Keywords: sol-gel ; lead lanthanum titanate ; thin film ; optical waveguide ; optical propagation loss
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The preparation and the optical characteristics of highly oriented PLT thin films are investigated. PLT films fabricated on MgO(100) and c-plane sapphire substrates have highly grown in (100) and (111) orientations, respectively. PLT films with high La content have a near cubic structure and weak anisotropy of refractive indices. The optical propagation losses of PLT films decrease as the La content of the films increases due to a complex interaction of surface roughness reduction and a reduction in the anisotropy refractive index. However, optical scattering in thicker sol-gel PLT thin film waveguides occurs by the internal scattering mechanism from the defects and the interfaces rather than by the surface scattering mechanism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008610920804
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Coating of Tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS)/Vinyltriethoxysilane (VTES) Hybrid Solution on Polymer Films (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of sol gel science and technology 13 (1998), S. 409-413 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4846
    Keywords: TEOS-VTES ; inorganic-organic hybrid ; sol-gel coating ; wetting ; adhesion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS)/vinyltriethoxysilane (VTES) hybrid materials were prepared and the hydrolysis and condensation reactions during processing were investigated by means of 29Si NMR solution spectroscopy. The variation of drying characteristics of the coating films was examined with respect to the tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS)/vinyltriethoxysilane (VTES) ratio, as well as drying temperature, by FT-IR spectroscopy. It is shown that the TO mode of Si–O–Si stretching absorption was enhanced with increasing tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) content and drying temperature. Also, the wettability of the coating films on polymer films was independent of the solution composition but enhanced by the precoating of poly(4-hydroxystrene) (PHS) as a wetting agent. The adhesion between the coating and the films was also enhanced when the vinyltriethoxysilane (VTES) content in the coating solution was increased.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008665010016
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preparation and Optical Properties of Silica-Poly(ethylene oxide) Hybrid Materials (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of sol gel science and technology 16 (1999), S. 235-241 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4846
    Keywords: sol-gel ; silica-poly(ethylene oxide) hybrid material ; epoxide polymerization ; optical properties
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Structural evolution and optical properties of the silica-poly(ethylene oxide) hybrid films prepared from γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTS) and 1-methylimidazol (MI) are studied. Polymerization of the epoxy groups is achieved by using 1-methylimidazol as a thermal curing agent. In liquid state 1H &13 C NMR spectroscopy, it is found that silica condensation mainly occurs without epoxy ring opening. The epoxide polymerization is confirmed by using FT-IR, solid state CP-MAS 13C-NMR, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The hybrid material is densified due to the epoxide polymerization as well as silica condensation with thermal curing. As a result, the thermal curing increases refractive index and extinction coefficient and shifts UV optical absorption edge to longer wavelength.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008717219952
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optical and Electrical Properties of Ferroelectric SBN Thin Films Prepared by Sol-Gel Process (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of sol gel science and technology 19 (2000), S. 611-614 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4846
    Keywords: sol-gel ; strontium barium niobate ; thin film ; ferroelectric material ; optical waveguide
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Strontium barium niobate thin films were prepared by sol-gel method on various substrates using an improved process, two-step heating process. The two-step heating process applies an additive heat-treatment before crystallization for enhancement of the densification and the nucleation of films. Also, highly c-axis oriented SBN thin films with various compositions were obtained on MgO(100) and Pt(100)/MgO(100) substrates. Their optical and electrical properties such as optical propagation loss, refractive index, P-E hysteresis, and dielectric constant, were characterized as a function of the film composition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008721613449
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photobleaching of γ-Glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane-Chelated Metal Alkoxide Gel Films (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of sol gel science and technology 19 (2000), S. 607-610 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4846
    Keywords: inorganic-organic hybrid gel ; chelated metal complex ; γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane ; photodecomposition ; photobleaching
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Thick photosensitive inorganic-organic hybrid gel films are fabricated using a silica–PEO(poly(ethylene oxide)) polymeric network and several chelated metal alkoxides: Ti(OEt)4, Al(OBusec)3, Zr(OPr n )4. The γ-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTS) and the metal alkoxides stabilized by β-ketoester or β-diketone are used as precursors. The chelated metal complex in the gel films are photodecomposed and forms the oxide network by UV exposure. The photodecomposition of the chelate ring and the photobleaching of the UV absorption bands are investigated as a function of UV exposure time. The photobleaching rates with respect to chelating agents, metal alkoxides and photon energy are compared.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008769529379
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