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  • 1
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    The ins and outs of body surface immunology (2000)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-10-06
    Description: Rather than being confined to the secondary lymphoid tissue of the spleen and lymph nodes, large numbers of lymphocytes are intrinsically associated with the epithelial surfaces of the body. The best studied is gut-associated lymphoid tissue, but distinct epithelium-associated lymphoid tissue also exists in the reproductive tract, the lung, and the skin. The multiple cell types and functions composing these lymphoid tissues are increasingly seen as the key to how antigens delivered to body surfaces can elicit either immunogenic or tolerogenic responses. In some instances, these responses occur purely within the local body surface tissue, yet in other cases both local and systemic responses are elicited.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hayday, A -- Viney, J L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2000 Oct 6;290(5489):97-100.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, Guy's King's St Thomas' Medical School, University of London, Guy's Hospital, London, SE1 9RT, UK. adrian.hayday@kcl.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11021807" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cytokines/biosynthesis/immunology ; Epithelial Cells/immunology ; Humans ; Immune Tolerance ; *Immunity, Mucosal ; Lymphocytes/*immunology ; Lymphoid Tissue/*immunology ; T-Lymphocytes/*immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Normal expression of a rearranged and mutated c-myc oncogene after transfection into fibroblasts (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-10-27
    Description: Expression of the c-myc oncogene is deregulated in a variety of malignancies. Rearrangement and mutation of the c-myc locus is a characteristic feature of human Burkitt's lymphoma. Whether deregulation is solely a result of mutation of c-myc or whether it is influenced by the transformed B cell context has not been determined. A translocated and mutated allele of c-myc was stably transfected into fibroblasts. The rearranged allele was expressed indistinguishably from a normal c-myc gene: it had serum-regulated expression, was transcribed with normal promoter preference, and was strongly attenuated. Thus mutations by themselves are insufficient to deregulate c-myc transcription.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Richman, A -- Hayday, A -- 40364/PHS HHS/ -- GM 07499/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Oct 27;246(4929):494-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Biology Department, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2683072" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Burkitt Lymphoma/genetics ; Cell Line ; Fibroblasts/metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Humans ; Mutation ; Oncogenes/*genetics ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/biosynthesis/*genetics ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc ; *Transfection ; Translocation, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    The intraepithelial T cell response to NKG2D-ligands links lymphoid stress surveillance to atopy (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-12-07
    Description: Epithelial cells respond to physicochemical damage with up-regulation of major histocompatibility complex-like ligands that can activate the cytolytic potential of neighboring intraepithelial T cells by binding the activating receptor, NKG2D. The systemic implications of this lymphoid stress-surveillance response, however, are unknown. We found that antigens encountered at the same time as cutaneous epithelial stress induced strong primary and secondary systemic, T helper 2 (T(H)2)-associated atopic responses in mice. These responses required NKG2D-dependent communication between dysregulated epithelial cells and tissue-associated lymphoid cells. These data are germane to uncertainty over the afferent induction of T(H)2 responses and provide a molecular framework for considering atopy as an important component of the response to tissue damage and carcinogenesis.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3842529/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3842529/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Strid, Jessica -- Sobolev, Olga -- Zafirova, Biljana -- Polic, Bojan -- Hayday, Adrian -- 085780/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Dec 2;334(6060):1293-7. doi: 10.1126/science.1211250.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉London Research Institute, Cancer Research UK, London WC2A 3LY, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22144628" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Epidermis/*immunology ; Hypersensitivity, Immediate/*immunology ; Ligands ; Lymphoid Tissue/*immunology ; Membrane Proteins/immunology/metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily K/immunology/*metabolism ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/immunology ; Stress, Physiological ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets/*immunology ; Th2 Cells/*immunology ; Up-Regulation
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 4
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    Langerhans cells facilitate epithelial DNA damage and squamous cell carcinoma (2012)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-01-10
    Description: Polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are prevalent, potent carcinogens, and 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) is a model PAH widely used to study tumorigenesis. Mice lacking Langerhans cells (LCs), a signatory epidermal dendritic cell (DC), are protected from cutaneous chemical carcinogenesis, independent of T cell immunity. Investigation of the underlying mechanism revealed that LC-deficient skin was relatively resistant to DMBA-induced DNA damage. LCs efficiently metabolized DMBA to DMBA-trans-3,4-diol, an intermediate proximal to oncogenic Hras mutation, and DMBA-treated LC-deficient skin contained significantly fewer Hras mutations. Moreover, DMBA-trans-3,4-diol application bypassed tumor resistance in LC-deficient mice. Additionally, the genotoxic impact of DMBA on human keratinocytes was significantly increased by prior incubation with human-derived LC. Thus, tissue-associated DC can enhance chemical carcinogenesis via PAH metabolism, highlighting the complex relation between immune cells and carcinogenesis.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3753811/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3753811/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Modi, Badri G -- Neustadter, Jason -- Binda, Elisa -- Lewis, Julia -- Filler, Renata B -- Roberts, Scott J -- Kwong, Bernice Y -- Reddy, Swapna -- Overton, John D -- Galan, Anjela -- Tigelaar, Robert -- Cai, Lining -- Fu, Peter -- Shlomchik, Mark -- Kaplan, Daniel H -- Hayday, Adrian -- Girardi, Michael -- 085780/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- K08 AR002072/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- P30 CA016359/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 AR056632/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA102703/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01-AR044077/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- R01-AR056632/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- R01CA102703/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- T32 AR007016/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- Cancer Research UK/United Kingdom -- Department of Health/United Kingdom -- Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Jan 6;335(6064):104-8. doi: 10.1126/science.1211600.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Dermatology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22223807" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene/*analogs & derivatives/metabolism/toxicity ; Animals ; Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases/metabolism ; Carcinogens/*metabolism/*toxicity ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/*chemically induced/metabolism ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; Cells, Cultured ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1/metabolism ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP1B1 ; *DNA Damage ; Genes, ras ; Humans ; Keratinocytes/metabolism/pathology ; Langerhans Cells/immunology/*metabolism ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Skin Neoplasms/*chemically induced/metabolism ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Detection in situ of foreign DNA in eukaryotic cells
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Gene 15 (1981), S. 53-65 
    Details
    ISSN: 0378-1119
    Keywords: DNA-transfection ; Rapid screening method ; nucleic acid hybridisation ; viral transformation
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0378-1119(81)90104-9
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Similar flows about axisymmetric bodies rotating in a fluid at rest (1965)
    Springer
    Flow, turbulence and combustion 14 (1965), S. 405-419 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1987
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Summary The class of similar flows engendered by members of a corresponding class of bodies of revolution rotating about axes of symmetry in an otherwise undisturbed fluid is discussed. Several examples of such flows are considered in detail under the assumptions that the physical properties of the fluid are constant and that dissipation and curvature effects are negligible. The well known flows associated with rotating disks and right circular cones are shown to be two special cases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00382262
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On balance equations for heterogeneous continua (1966)
    Springer
    Flow, turbulence and combustion 16 (1966), S. 65-88 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1987
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Summary The paper presents, from the viewpoint of classical continuum physics, a rigorous derivation of the general balance equations for heterogeneous continua-substances consisting of many distinct, possibly interacting, constituents. The treatment is a direct generalization of the well known theory for a simple (one-substance) continuum and covers multicomponent media in solid, liquid and gaseous forms. The work rests on axioms in integral form stated for the constituents of the heterogeneous continuum, using well defined material volumes for the medium as a whole. An explicit hypothesis is introduced asserting how a constituent of a heterogeneous medium is influenced by the totality of the others. This hypothesis allows for general interactions among the constituents and, in principle, covers the special results for liquid helium mixtures given by Prigogine and Mazur. All properties of the heterogeneous continuum as a whole are consistently deduced from the corresponding properties of the constituents. In particular, the overall integral balance equations are derived by summing over all components the corresponding balance equations for the constituents. The differential balance equations for the heterogeneous continuum are consequences of the corresponding integral balance equations and a requirement that specifies the mathematical form of the resultant equations. Herein, this requirement is a general structural hypothesis that, in certain special cases of gaseous mixtures, agrees with known results of kinetic theory. While our development differs from that of Truesdell, it may be considered as an integral equivalent to his and a completion of the program he started.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00384055
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A probability density closure model for turbulence (1988)
    Springer
    Acta mechanica 72 (1988), S. 55-71 
    Details
    ISSN: 1619-6937
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary Starting from the Navier-Stokes equation, the evolution equation of the first order probability density functions of turbulence is derived. Closure assumptions for the pressure terms are introduced and the closed pdf equation is obtained. The resulting evolution equation takes the form of the Fokker-Planck equation and contains the existing Langevin based models as special cases. It is shown that the model predicts the known behaviors of turbulence in the limit of extremely high Reynolds number as well as a decaying turbulence. The moment equations are also examined. It is shown that the model is consistent with the recent second and third order closure models of turbulence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01176543
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  • 9
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    Widespread expression of an autoantigen-GAD65 transgene does not tolerize non-obese diabetic mice and can exacerbate disease (1998)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 1998-08-18
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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  • 10
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    Association of GAD-65, but not of GAD-67, with the Golgi complex of transfected Chinese hamster ovary cells mediated by the N-terminal region. (1993)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 1993-04-01
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by National Academy of Sciences
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