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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Discovery of Jovian dust streams and interstellar grains by the Ulysses spacecraft (1993)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 362 (1993), S. 428-430 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] FIG. 1 Ulysses trajectory and geometry of dust detectioná-oblique view from above the ecliptic plane also showing the Sun and the orbits of Earth and Jupiter (in the foreground). Arrows indicate the flow of interstellar dust. The trajectory of Ulysses1 after Jupiter closest approach (CA) is ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/362428a0
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Solar Wind - Inner Heliosphere (1998)
    Springer
    Space science reviews 83 (1998), S. 75-86 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9672
    Keywords: Solar wind ; Heliosphere ; Ulysses ; SOHO ; MHD waves ; Turbulence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The solar wind in the inner heliosphere, inside ~ 5 AU, has been almost fully characterized by the addition of the high heliographic latitude Ulysses mission to the many low latitude inner heliosphere missions that preceded it. The two major omissions are the high latitude solar wind at solar maximum, which will be measured during the second Ulysses polar passages, and the solar wind near the Sun, which could be analyzed by a Solar Probe mission. Here, existing knowledge of the global solar wind in the inner heliosphere is summarized in the context of the new results from Ulysses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1005069328058
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Solar wind corotating stream interaction regions out of the ecliptic plane: Ulysses (1995)
    Springer
    Space science reviews 72 (1995), S. 99-104 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9672
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Ulysses plasma observations reveal that the forward shocks that commonly bound the leading edges of corotating interaction regions (CIRs) beyond ∼2 AU from the Sun at low heliographic latitudes nearly disappeared at a latitude of S26°. On the other hand, the reverse shocks that commonly bound the trailing edges of the CIRs were observed regularly up to S41.5°, but became weaker with increasing latitude. Only three CIR shocks have been observed poleward of S41.5°; all of these were weak reverse shocks. The above effects are a result of the forward waves propagating to lower heliographic latitudes and the reverse waves to higher latitudes with increasing heliocentric distance. These observational results are in excellent agreement with the predictions of a global model of solar wind flows that originate in a simple tilted-dipole geometry back at the Sun.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00768761
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ulysses/Galileo observations of type III radio bursts and associated in-situ electrons and Langmuir waves (1995)
    Springer
    Space science reviews 72 (1995), S. 261-266 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9672
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Both the Ulysses and Galileo spacecraft detected energetic electrons and Langmuir waves that were associated with a type III radio burst on 10 December 1990. At the time of these observations, these spacecraft were in the ecliptic plane and separated by 0.4 AU, with Galileo near the Earth at 1 AU and Ulysses at 1.36 AU. From the measured electron arrival times, the propagation path lengths of the electrons to both Ulysses and Galileo were estimated to be significantly longer than the length of the Parker spiral. These long path lengths are interpreted as due to draping of the interplanetary magnetic field lines around a CME. The onset times of the Langmuir waves at Ulysses and Galileo coincided with the estimated arrival time of the 9 keV and 14 keV electrons, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00768789
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reconnection on open field lines ahead of coronal mass ejections (1995)
    Springer
    Space science reviews 72 (1995), S. 129-132 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9672
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Plasma and magnetic field signatures from 29 November 1990 indicate that the Ulysses spacecraft passed through a series of interplanetary structures that were most likely formed by magnetic reconnection on open field lines ahead of a coronal mass ejection (CME). This reconnection changed the magnetic topology of the upstream region by converting normal open interplanetary magnetic field into a pair of regions: one magnetically disconnected from the Sun and the other, a tongue, connected back to the Sun at both ends. This process provides a new method for producing both heat flux dropouts and counterstreaming suprathermal electron signatures in interplanetary space. In this paper we expand upon the 29 November case study and argue that reconnection ahead of CMEs should be less common at high heliolatitudes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00768768
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Radial and meridional trends in solar wind thermal electron temperature and anisotropy: Ulysses (1995)
    Springer
    Space science reviews 72 (1995), S. 109-112 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9672
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Ulysses plasma measurement from 1.15 to 5.31 AU and from S6.4° to S48.3° solar latitude are used to assess the trends in the solar wind thermal electron temperature and anisotropy. Improved spacecraft potential corrections and data products have been incorporated. The radial temperature gradient is steeper than in previous determinations, but flatter than adiabatic. When normalized to 1 AU, temperature decrease with increasing latitude. Little change in the average thermal anisotropy has been seen during the mission.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00768763
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ulysses solar wind observations to 56° south (1995)
    Springer
    Space science reviews 72 (1995), S. 93-98 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9672
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract In the 25 months since Jupiter flyby, the Ulysses spacecraft has climbed southward to a heliolatitude of 56°. This transit has been marked by an evolution from slow, dense coronal streamer belt solar wind through two regions where the rotation of the Sun carried Ulysses back and forth between streamer belt and polar coronal hole flows, and finally into a region of essentially continuous fast, low density solar wind from the southern polar coronal hole. Throughout these large changes, the momentum flux normalized to 1 AU displays very little systematic variation. In addition, the bulk properties of the polar coronal hole solar wind are quite similar to those observed in high speed streams in the ecliptic plane at 1 AU. Coronal mass ejections and forward and reverse shocks associated with corotating interaction regions have also been observed at higher heliolatitudes, however they are seen less frequently with increasing southern heliolatitude. Ulysses has thus far collected data from 20° of nearly contiguous solar wind flows from the polar coronal hole. We examine these data for characteristic variations with heliolatitude and find that the bulk properties in general show very little systematic variation across the southern polar coronal hole so far.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00768760
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Coronal mass ejections at high heliographic latitudes: Ulysses (1995)
    Springer
    Space science reviews 72 (1995), S. 133-136 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9672
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Nine coronal mass ejections (CMEs) have been detected in the solar wind by the Ulysses plasma experiment between 31° and 61° South. One of these events, which was also a magnetic cloud, was directly associated with an event observed by the soft X-ray telescope on Yohkoh in which large magnetic loops formed in the solar corona directly beneath Ulysses. This association suggests that the flux rope topology of the magnetic cloud resulted from reconnection between the “legs” of neighboring magnetic loops within the rising CME. The average CME speed (∼740 km s−1) at these latitudes was comparable to that of the normal solar wind there and is much greater than average CME speeds observed either in the solar wind in the ecliptic plane or in the corona close to the Sun. We suggest that the same basic acceleration process applies to both slow CMEs and the normal solar wind at any latitude.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00768769
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ulysses observations of solar wind plasma parameters in the ecliptic from 1.4 to 5.4 AU and out of the ecliptic (1995)
    Springer
    Space science reviews 72 (1995), S. 113-116 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9672
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We report observations of radial and latitudinal gradients of Ulysses plasma parameters. The solar wind velocity increased rapidly with latitude from 0° to 35°, then remained approximately constant at higher latitudes. Solar wind density decreased rapidly from 0° to 35° of latitude, and also was approximately constant beyond that latitude. The mass flux similarly decreased away from the equator (but less than the density), whereas the momentum flux was relatively constant. The radial gradient of the entropy at high latitude indicated a value for the polytrope index of about 1.72 (close to adiabatic); the in-ecliptic estimates of radial gradients for temperature and entropy may be biased by temporal variation. A striking increase in the alpha particle-proton velocity difference with latitude is found.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00768764
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of internal stresses on the yielding of case-hardened materials (1976)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 11 (1976), S. 670-676 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The plastic yield behaviour has been studied as a function of case depth and of test temperature in three case-hardened materials: an internally oxidized copper alloy, an air-hardened titanium alloy and a nitrided steel. In the absence of any residual stresses, the yield stress of a material will rise in the presence of a hard case, and it is suggested that the effect of such residual stresses upon yielding may be predicted by employing a Hill criterion. A macroscopic model is developed on this basis which can account for the lowering of the tensile yield stress in the presence of a case in the nitrided steel and in the titanium alloy, and it is concluded that no effects due to internal stresses are present in internally oxidized copper-beryllium specimens.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01209453
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