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  • 1
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Galileo was launched in 1989, and followed a looping trajectory through the Solar System that brought it to Jupiter on 7 December 1995. The Galileo dust detector6, like its twin aboard Ulysses7, is an impact ionization detector which detects the plasma cloud released when a dust grain strikes its ...
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Colloidal plasmas may "condense" under certain conditions into liquid and crystalline states, while retaining their essential plasma properties. This "plasma condensation" therefore leads to new states of matter: "liquid plasmas" and "plasma crystals." The experimental discovery was first reported in 1994, and since then many researchers have begun to investigate the properties of condensed plasma states. In this paper we describe some of the basic physics required to understand colloidal plasmas and discuss experiments conducted to investigate the details of the interaction between the plasma particles (in particular, the interaction potential), the melting phase transition, and the thermodynamics of this new state of matter. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 5 (1998), S. 2578-2581 
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: It is found that the nonlinear dynamics of amplitude-modulated dispersive dust lattice waves (DLW) is governed by a nonlinear Schrödinger equation. The latter exhibits that a constant amplitude carrier dust lattice wave is modulationally stable, and that the modulated DLW packet propagates in the form of either an envelope dark soliton or an envelope shock. The relevance of our theoretical investigation to simulation studies as well as to a laboratory dusty plasma experiment is pointed out. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 9 (2002), S. 619-623 
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Dust particle diffusion across a magnetic field due to random charge fluctuations is reconsidered. Previously it was suggested that this mechanism could be one of the most effective processes which transport particles in the inner Jovian magnetosphere [G. E. Morfill, E. Grün, and T. V. Johnson, Planet Space Sci. 28, 1087 (1980)]. A general expression for the diffusion constant is derived using the stochastic equation of dust particle motion and known properties of random charge fluctuations. The dependence of the diffusion constant on magnetic-field strength and fluctuation amplitude is discussed. Numerical evaluation for conditions typical for the inner Jovian magnetosphere is presented. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 320 (1986), S. 141-143 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The temporal evolution of Saturn's rings is believed to be primarily determined by the angular momentum transport as a consequence of collisions between the differentially rotating ring particles2. In addition, mass erosion effects, meteor impacts, resonances with satellites and moonlets and ...
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 311 (1984), S. 358-359 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The radio synchrotron emission from supernova remnants is clear evidence that they contain relativistic electrons ; it is widely believed that they are also the major source for the galactic cosmic-ray nuclon component, but so far there has been no direct observational evidence for this. Cosmic-ray ...
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] FIG. 1 Ulysses trajectory and geometry of dust detectioná-oblique view from above the ecliptic plane also showing the Sun and the orbits of Earth and Jupiter (in the foreground). Arrows indicate the flow of interstellar dust. The trajectory of Ulysses1 after Jupiter closest approach (CA) is ...
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 330 (1987), S. 458-460 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Steep and relatively brief increases in the concentration of 10Be are noted in ice cores from both the Vostok and the Dome C Antarctic drilling sites. Two major variations (increases) are found at -33 and 60 kyr1 BP (before present), using the time/ice-thickness model of Lorius et al.6. The ...
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Astrophysics and space science 46 (1977), S. 73-86 
    ISSN: 1572-946X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Energetic particles, ejected from the Sun during solar flare events, may encounter interplanetary plasma/field conditions, which deviate considerably from the quiet time values used normally to describe the particle propagation. This is due to the presence of a hydromagnetic shock, which is emitted from the Sun at the time of the explosion. In a theoretical blast wave model, which incorporates the interaction with plane polarized Alfvén waves, we have analysed the changes in different terms of the Fokker-Planck equation, which describes energetic particle propagation. In this treatment, the shock influence on energy changes and on the transport coefficients are discussed.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Space science reviews 75 (1996), S. 511-536 
    ISSN: 1572-9672
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The local interstellar medium can be probed in different ways: by analyzing low energy X-ray data in the range 0.1–0.4 keV, where the radiation is absorbed by the interstellar gas at column densities in excess of about 1020 cm-2 — and can therefore be regarded as ‘local’, by determining the absorption of stellar emission spectra from nearby stars along their lines of sight by intervening gas and by directin situ measurements of those components which penetrate the heliosphere sufficiently far, provided they can be distinguished from interplanetary material. The current status of these different investigations gives the following picture: the solar system is surrounded by a ‘bubble’ of hot gas (density 0.005cm-3, temperature 106 K) out to several tens of parsecs. More locally it is embedded in a small warm cloud of density 0.07cm-3, temperature 7000 K, column density ∼ 5 × 1017 cm-2 — which gives a mass of about 0.1M ⊙. The transition to the heliosphere is governed by solar UV ionization, snowploughing of the interstellar gas by the outwardly expanding solar wind and the bow shock. The heliosphere is the region inside the solar wind terminal shock. Classically it would be regarded as not yet affected by (or aware of) the obstacle ahead. Practically, the existence of the interstellar medium makes itself felt even far inside the heliosphere by the penetration of neutral gas, dust, plasma waves, shock accelerated particles and cosmic rays. These are the local ‘probes’ of the interstellar medium.
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