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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2013-09-25
    Description: Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is caused by mutations of the survival motor neuron 1 ( SMN1 ) gene, retention of the survival motor neuron 2 ( SMN2 ) gene and insufficient expression of full-length survival motor neuron (SMN) protein. Quinazolines increase SMN2 promoter activity and inhibit the ribonucleic acid scavenger enzyme DcpS. The quinazoline derivative RG3039 has advanced to early phase clinical trials. In preparation for efficacy studies in SMA patients, we investigated the effects of RG3039 in severe SMA mice. Here, we show that RG3039 distributed to central nervous system tissues where it robustly inhibited DcpS enzyme activity, but minimally activated SMN expression or the assembly of small nuclear ribonucleoproteins. Nonetheless, treated SMA mice showed a dose-dependent increase in survival, weight and motor function. This was associated with improved motor neuron somal and neuromuscular junction synaptic innervation and function and increased muscle size. RG3039 also enhanced survival of conditional SMA mice in which SMN had been genetically restored to motor neurons. As this systemically delivered drug may have therapeutic benefits that extend beyond motor neurons, it could act additively with SMN-restoring therapies delivered directly to the central nervous system such as antisense oligonucleotides or gene therapy.
    Print ISSN: 0964-6906
    Electronic ISSN: 1460-2083
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2013-06-07
    Description: Wentilactone B induces G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis via the Ras/Raf/MAPK signaling pathway in human hepatoma SMMC-7721 cells Cell Death and Disease 4, e657 (June 2013). doi:10.1038/cddis.2013.182 Authors: Z Zhang, L Miao, C Lv, H Sun, S Wei, B Wang, C Huang & B Jiao
    Keywords: Wentilactone BSMMC-7721 cellscell cycle arrestapoptosisMAPK pathway
    Electronic ISSN: 2041-4889
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Springer Nature
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2013-04-05
    Description: Mutant p53-R273H gains new function in sustained activation of EGFR signaling via suppressing miR-27a expression Cell Death and Disease 4, e574 (April 2013). doi:10.1038/cddis.2013.97 Authors: W Wang, B Cheng, L Miao, Y Mei & M Wu
    Keywords: mutant p53miR-27aEGFR
    Electronic ISSN: 2041-4889
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Springer Nature
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2013-12-06
    Description: Wentilactone A as a novel potential antitumor agent induces apoptosis and G2/M arrest of human lung carcinoma cells, and is mediated by HRas-GTP accumulation to excessively activate the Ras/Raf/ERK/p53-p21 pathway Cell Death and Disease 4, e952 (December 2013). doi:10.1038/cddis.2013.484 Authors: C Lv, Y Hong, L Miao, C Li, G Xu, S Wei, B Wang, C Huang & B Jiao
    Keywords: Wentilactone Anovel antitumor agentlung cancerRas/Raf/ERK/p53-p21 pathway
    Electronic ISSN: 2041-4889
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Springer Nature
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2011-10-01
    Description: A combined Raman spectroscopy and electron probe microanalysis study of the heavily shocked Grove Mountains (GRV) 052049 meteorite revealed the largest chemical fractionation of natural ringwoodite, and composition-dependent variation of the intensities and/or wavenumbers of Raman bands. With Fa content [atomic ratio of Fe/(Fe+Mg)] of ringwoodite varying from 27.8 to 81.6 mol%, the peak position of the single band around 290 cm-1 (SB1), which relates to the SiO4 translation mode, shifts from 296.0 to 284.6 cm-1, and one of the doublets around 790 cm-1 (DB1), which relates to the symmetric stretching of SiO4, shifts from 796.3 to 782.7 cm-1. In addition, the relative intensities of SB1 and the other band of the doublet around 840 cm-1 (DB2), which relates to asymmetric stretching of SiO4, increases with Fa content. Based on the paired Raman-EPMA data, single-peak and two-peak calibrations were established, which can be used to derive Fa contents of ringwoodite from the Raman spectra. The accuracy of Raman-derived Fa content of ringwoodite is better than {+/-}5 mol%. The correlation of SB1 intensity with the Fa content of ringwoodite suggests that the vibration of SB1 is enhanced with the substitution of Mg2+ by Fe2+. The correlation between Raman spectra and the chemical composition of ringwoodite have potential applications in on-line measurement of high-pressure experiments and in situ mineralogical determination in future planetary explorations.
    Print ISSN: 0003-004X
    Electronic ISSN: 1945-3027
    Topics: Geosciences
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2010-02-06
    Description: The cell surface receptor CED-1 mediates apoptotic cell recognition by phagocytic cells, enabling cell corpse clearance in Caenorhabditis elegans. Here, we found that the C. elegans intracellular protein sorting complex, retromer, was required for cell corpse clearance by mediating the recycling of CED-1. Retromer was recruited to the surfaces of phagosomes containing cell corpses, and its loss of function caused defective cell corpse removal. The retromer probably acted through direct interaction with CED-1 in the cell corpse recognition pathway. In the absence of retromer function, CED-1 associated with lysosomes and failed to recycle from phagosomes and cytosol to the plasma membrane. Thus, retromer is an essential mediator of apoptotic cell clearance by regulating phagocytic receptor(s) during cell corpse engulfment.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chen, Didi -- Xiao, Hui -- Zhang, Kai -- Wang, Bin -- Gao, Zhiyang -- Jian, Youli -- Qi, Xiaying -- Sun, Jianwei -- Miao, Long -- Yang, Chonglin -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Mar 5;327(5970):1261-4. doi: 10.1126/science.1184840. Epub 2010 Feb 4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Key Laboratory of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100101, China.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20133524" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; *Apoptosis ; Caenorhabditis elegans/cytology/genetics/*physiology ; Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins/genetics/*metabolism ; Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Lysosomes/metabolism ; Membrane Proteins/*metabolism ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission ; Molecular Sequence Data ; *Phagocytosis ; Phagosomes/*metabolism ; *Protein Transport ; RNA Interference ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism ; Sorting Nexins ; Vesicular Transport Proteins/genetics/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2012-03-17
    Description: Three-dimensional topological insulators (TIs) are characterized by their nontrivial surface states, in which electrons have their spin locked at a right angle to their momentum under the protection of time-reversal symmetry. The topologically ordered phase in TIs does not break any symmetry. The interplay between topological order and symmetry breaking, such as that observed in superconductivity, can lead to new quantum phenomena and devices. We fabricated a superconducting TI/superconductor heterostructure by growing dibismuth triselenide (Bi(2)Se(3)) thin films on superconductor niobium diselenide substrate. Using scanning tunneling microscopy and angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy, we observed the superconducting gap at the Bi(2)Se(3) surface in the regime of Bi(2)Se(3) film thickness where topological surface states form. This observation lays the groundwork for experimentally realizing Majorana fermions in condensed matter physics.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wang, Mei-Xiao -- Liu, Canhua -- Xu, Jin-Peng -- Yang, Fang -- Miao, Lin -- Yao, Meng-Yu -- Gao, C L -- Shen, Chenyi -- Ma, Xucun -- Chen, X -- Xu, Zhu-An -- Liu, Ying -- Zhang, Shou-Cheng -- Qian, Dong -- Jia, Jin-Feng -- Xue, Qi-Kun -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Apr 6;336(6077):52-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1216466. Epub 2012 Mar 15.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Key Laboratory of Artificial Structures and Quantum Control (Ministry of Education), Department of Physics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22422860" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2003-11-25
    Description: Cells crawl by coupling protrusion of their leading edge with retraction of their cell body. Protrusion is generated by the polymerization and bundling of filaments, but the mechanism of retraction is less clear. We have reconstituted retraction in vitro by adding Yersinia tyrosine phosphatase to the major sperm protein-based motility apparatus assembled from Ascaris sperm extracts. Retraction in vitro parallels that observed in vivo and is generated primarily by disassembly and rearrangement of the cytoskeleton. Therefore, cytoskeletal dynamics alone, unassisted by conventional motors, are able to generate both of these central components of amoeboid locomotion.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Miao, Long -- Vanderlinde, Orion -- Stewart, Murray -- Roberts, Thomas M -- R37GM29994/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2003 Nov 21;302(5649):1405-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14631043" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Actins/physiology ; Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism/pharmacology ; Animals ; Ascaris suum/*cytology/physiology ; Biopolymers ; Cell Adhesion ; Cell Extracts ; Cell Movement/*physiology ; Cytoplasmic Vesicles/physiology ; Cytoskeleton/*physiology ; Helminth Proteins/chemistry/metabolism/*physiology ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Male ; Myosins/physiology ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases/metabolism ; Pseudopodia/physiology ; Spermatozoa/physiology/ultrastructure ; Yersinia enterocolitica/enzymology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2003-07-12
    Description: Foxo transcription factors have been implicated in diverse biological processes, including metabolism, cellular stress responses, and aging. Here, we show that Foxo3a-/- female mice exhibit a distinctive ovarian phenotype of global follicular activation leading to oocyte death, early depletion of functional ovarian follicles, and secondary infertility. Foxo3a thus functions at the earliest stages of follicular growth as a suppressor of follicular activation. In addition to providing a molecular entry point for studying the regulation of follicular growth, these results raise the possibility that accelerated follicular initiation plays a role in premature ovarian failure, a common cause of infertility and premature aging in women.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Castrillon, Diego H -- Miao, Lili -- Kollipara, Ramya -- Horner, James W -- DePinho, Ronald A -- K08/PHS HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2003 Jul 11;301(5630):215-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12855809" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Apoptosis ; Cell Size ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics/*physiology ; Female ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone/blood ; Follicular Atresia ; Forkhead Transcription Factors ; Gene Targeting ; Granulosa Cells/cytology/physiology ; Humans ; Infertility, Female ; Luteinizing Hormone/blood ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Oocytes/cytology/physiology ; Ovarian Follicle/growth & development/*physiology ; Ovary/metabolism ; Ovulation ; Primary Ovarian Insufficiency/etiology ; Sexual Maturation ; Superovulation ; Transcription Factors/genetics/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2016-03-24
    Description: Dynamic epigenetic reprogramming occurs during normal embryonic development at the preimplantation stage. Erroneous epigenetic modifications due to environmental perturbations such as manipulation and culture of embryos during in vitro fertilization (IVF) are linked to various short- or long-term consequences. Among these, the skewed sex ratio, an indicator of reproductive hazards,...
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
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