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  • 1
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    Bright light resets the human circadian pacemaker independent of the timing of the sleep-wake cycle (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-08-08
    Description: Human circadian rhythms were once thought to be insensitive to light, with synchronization to the 24-hour day accomplished either through social contacts or the sleep-wake schedule. Yet the demonstration of an intensity-dependent neuroendocrine response to bright light has led to renewed consideration of light as a possible synchronizer of the human circadian pacemaker. In a laboratory study, the output of the circadian pacemaker of an elderly woman was monitored before and after exposure to 4 hours of bright light for seven consecutive evenings, and before and after a control study in ordinary room light while her sleep-wake schedule and social contacts remained unchanged. The exposure to bright light in the evening induced a 6-hour delay shift of her circadian pacemaker, as indicated by recordings of body temperature and cortisol secretion. The unexpected magnitude, rapidity, and stability of the shift challenge existing concepts regarding circadian phase-resetting capacity in man and suggest that exposure to bright light can indeed reset the human circadian pacemaker, which controls daily variations in physiologic, behavioral, and cognitive function.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Czeisler, C A -- Allan, J S -- Strogatz, S H -- Ronda, J M -- Sanchez, R -- Rios, C D -- Freitag, W O -- Richardson, G S -- Kronauer, R E -- 1 R01-AG-04912-02/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- 1 R01-HD-20174-01/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- AFOSR-83-0309/PHS HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Aug 8;233(4764):667-71.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3726555" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aged ; Body Temperature ; *Circadian Rhythm ; Female ; Humans ; Hydrocortisone/blood ; *Light ; Sleep/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Association of sleep-wake habits in older people with changes in output of circadian pacemaker (1992)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Many elderly people complain of disturbed sleep patterns but there is not evidence that the need to sleep decreases with age; it seems rather that the timing and consolidation of sleep change. We tried to find out whether there is a concurrent change in the output of the circadian pacemaker with age. The phase and amplitude of the pacemaker's output were assessed by continuous measurement of the core body temperature during 40 h of sustained wakefulness under constant behavioural and environmental conditions. 27 young men (18-31 years) were compared with 21 older people (65-85 years; 11 men, 10 women); all were healthy and without sleep complaints. The mean amplitude of the endogenous circadian temperature oscillation (ECA) was 40% greater in young men than in the older group. Older men had a lower mean temperature ECA than older women. The minimum of the endogenous phase of the circadian temperature oscillation (ECP) occurred 1 h 52 min earlier in the older than in the young group. Customary bedtimes and waketimes were also earlier in the older group, as was their daily alertness peak. There was a close correlation between habitual waketime and temperature ECP in young men, which may lose precision with age, especially among women. These findings provide evidence for systematic age-related changes in the output of the human circadian pacemaker. We suggest that these changes may underlie the common complaints of sleep disturbance among elderly people. These changes could reflect the observed age-related deterioration of the hypothalamic nuclei that drive mammalian circadian rhythms.
    Keywords: Life Sciences (General)
    Type: Lancet (ISSN 0140-6736); 340; 8825; 933-6
    Format: text
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