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  • 1
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    In vitro sensitivities to UVA of lymphocytes from patients with colon and melanoma cancers and precancerous states in the micronucleus and the Comet assays (2012)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-04-25
    Description: To use lymphocytes as surrogate cells to investigate their in vitro sensitivities to ultraviolet (UV) treatment in different cancers and precancerous states by comparison with lymphocytes from healthy control individuals was the main aim of this research. UV light induces precise cellular and genomic mutations. In this study, the effect of ultraviolet A (UVA) (320–400 nm) was used as a generic mutagen to evaluate in vitro different sensitivities from lymphocytes of patients with suspected melanoma (SM), malignant melanoma (MM), polyposis coli (PC) and colorectal cancer (CRC). DNA damage was evaluated by two different methods: the micronucleus (MN) assay and the Comet assay. The baseline frequency of MNs was significantly increased in lymphocytes from all patients (SM, MM, PC and CRC) when compared to healthy individuals. After UV irradiation, MN frequencies were significantly increased in lymphocytes of all groups, both patients and healthy individuals. However, the MN frequency in all patient groups was significantly higher than in the healthy individual group. Similar results for the induction of genomic DNA damage were obtained for the Comet assay. Also for the Comet assay, UVA-induced DNA damage for all four patient groups was significantly increased when compared to healthy individuals (SM, MM, PC and CRC groups: P 〈 0.001). Conclusively, peripheral lymphocytes from patients with cancers MM and CRC or precancerous states SM and PC are more sensitive to a generic mutagen such as UVA than lymphocytes from healthy individuals. This feature may be used as an essential biomarker to screen and diagnose precancerous states and cancers in early stages.
    Print ISSN: 0267-8357
    Electronic ISSN: 1464-3804
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 2
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    ETS rearrangements and prostate cancer initiation (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-02-13
    Description: The first recurrent translocation event in prostate cancer has been recently described; it results in the translocation of an ETS (E26 transformation specific) transcription factor (ERG or ETV1) to the TMPRSS2 promoter region, which contains androgen responsive elements. The TMPRSS2:ERG genetic rearrangement has been reported to occur in approximately 40% of primary prostate tumours (ETV1 genetic rearrangements occur at a much lower frequency), and it results in the aberrant androgen-regulated expression of ERG. Tomlins et al. concluded that ETS genetic rearrangements are sufficient to initiate prostate neoplasia. However, here we show that ETS genetic rearrangements may in fact represent progression events rather than initiation events in prostate tumorigenesis. To this end, we demonstrate that the prostate-specific overexpression of ERG does not initiate prostate tumorigenesis.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2967456/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2967456/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Carver, Brett S -- Tran, Jennifer -- Chen, Zhenbang -- Carracedo-Perez, Arkaitz -- Alimonti, Andrea -- Nardella, Caterina -- Gopalan, Anuradha -- Scardino, Peter T -- Cordon-Cardo, Carlos -- Gerald, William -- Pandolfi, Pier Paolo -- P50 CA092629/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P50 CA092629-10/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA082328/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA082328-12/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 MD004038/MD/NIMHD NIH HHS/ -- U01 CA084292/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- U01 CA084292-10/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2009 Feb 12;457(7231):E1; discussion E2-3. doi: 10.1038/nature07738.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10021, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19212347" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/*genetics/metabolism/pathology ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics ; Disease Progression ; Gene Expression ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Oncogene Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Prostatic Neoplasms/*genetics/metabolism ; Transcription Factors/genetics ; *Translocation, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A triply differentially pumped supersonic beam target for high-resolution collision studies (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 71 (2000), S. 4070-4077 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A Campargue-type source of an intense, triply differentially pumped supersonic beam of atoms (He, Ne, Ar) and molecules (N2) for use in high-resolution collision experiments is described. Using stagnation pressures of (1–10) bar, nozzle diameters of (0.05–0.25) mm, and skimmer diameters of (0.5–1.0) mm, the center-line intensity and collimated target density are quantitatively characterized by electron impact ionization in conjunction with total ion collection. Optimum densities in a target plane, located about 160 mm from the nozzle, range from 1012 cm−3 (N2) to 8×1012 cm−3 (He) at background densities which are about 1% of the beam densities. The results are compared with values calculated for ideal supersonic expansions. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1319343
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Energy broadening due to photoion space charge in a high resolution laser photoelectron source (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 72 (2001), S. 4098-4105 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The results of experimental and theoretical studies, aiming at a quantitative characterization of photoion-induced energy broadening effects in a laser photoelectron source, are reported. The electron source is based on two-step cw laser photoionization of potassium atoms in a collimated beam. In the experimental studies, the attachment spectra for the formation of (N2O)9O− cluster ions through a narrow vibrational Feshbach resonance (full width at half maximum 2.3 meV) were measured as a function of the photocurrent. The theoretical studies involved Monte Carlo simulations of the broadening effects and were based on potential distributions caused by realistic spatial distributions of the photoions. Using the corresponding electric field distribution, trajectories were calculated for a representative ensemble of electrons, and effective electron energy distributions were obtained from averages over the electron trajectories in the volume relevant for electron attachment. Furthermore, the effects of additional weak electric fields, applied along the atomic beam direction, have been simulated. For our geometry (ionization volume about 2 mm3) the effective space charge related energy width is found to be about 16 μeV/pA. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1412861
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Line widths of ^1^4NH"3 and ^1^5NH"3 applicable to planetary atmospheric observations
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer 49 (1993), S. 383-388 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-4073
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0022-4073(93)90102-N
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Infrared absorption-coefficient data on SF"6 applicable to atmospheric remote sensing
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer 48 (1992), S. 141-145 
    Details
    ISSN: 0022-4073
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0022-4073(92)90083-G
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Peroxosalts initiated graft copolymerization of aniline onto wool fibre—a comparative kinetic study (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 35 (2000), S. 617-625 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Chemical grafting of aniline (ANI) onto wool fibre was carried out in aqueous acidic medium by using peroxosalts such as peroxodisulphate (PDS) and peroxomonosulphate (PMS) as an initiator for various [Monomer], [Initiator] and (fibre weight). It was observed that both Rh and Rg increased with increase in the concentration of each component. The chemical grafting was confirmed using FTIR spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry (CV) and conductivity measurements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004776427294
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymerization of acrylamide in the presence of ultrasound and peroxomonosulfate (1998)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 36 (1998), S. 2715-2719 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: polymerization ; acrylamide ; peroxomonosulfate ; ultrasound ; mechanism ; rate parameters ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Polymerization of acrylamide (M) in the presence of ultrasound and peroxomonosulfate (PMS) was carried out for the first time for various concentration ranges of monomer and initiator and various temperatures at a constant frequency of 1 Mhz. The rate of polymerization Rp was found to increase with increase in the concentration of monomer and initiator and found to depend on [M] and [PMS]1/2. The rate of disappearance of initiator (-d[PMS]/dt) was also followed simultaneously under the experimental conditions and found to increase linearly with increase in [PMS]. A probable reaction mechanism was proposed on the basis of the observed results, and the individual rate constant were evaluated. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 36: 2715-2719, 1998
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymerization of N,N′-methylenebis(acrylamide) using potassium peroxydiphosphate-thiocarboxylic acid redox systems: A comparison (1998)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 36 (1998), S. 11-20 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: polymerization ; divinyl monomer ; redox ; thiocarboxylic acid ; mechanism ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The kinetics of aqueous polymerization of the symmetrical nonconjugated divinyl monomer N,N′-methylenebis(acrylamide) (MBA), was studied at 35°C and at constant ionic strength under nitrogen atmosphere involving potassium peroxydiphosphate (PDP) as oxidant with three different activators thiolactic acid (TLA), thiomalic acid (TMA), and thioglycollic acid (TGA). The rate of polymerization, RP, and rate of disappearance of peroxydiphosphate, -RPDP have been followed while polymerization was initiated separately by the PDP-TLA/PDP-TMA/PDP-TGA redox systems. RP for the above three systems showed first-order dependences on both [monomer] and [activator] and zero-order dependence on [PDP]. First-order dependence on [PDP] and zero-order dependences on [monomer] and [activators] were observed with respect to -RPDP in the above three systems. A reaction mechanism which involves complex formation between PDP and thiocarboxylic acid, propagation through intramolecular-intermolecular reactions, degradative chain transfer reaction of the growing radical with PDP, and linear termination by the interaction of the chain radical with primary radical was proposed. The kinetic parameters for the three polymerization systems were calculated and compared. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 36: 11-20, 1998
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Graft copolymerization of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) onto polyester (PET) and simultaneous homopolymerization: A kinetic study. I (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 56 (1995), S. 1299-1311 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The kinetics of graft copolymerization of polyacrylonitrile (PAN) onto polyester (PET) and the simultaneous homopolymerization initiated by the potassium penoxomonosulfate (PMS)-ascorbic acid (H2A) redox system were studied separately. Results on the graft copolymerization was adequately explained by a mechanism which also accounts for the reason for simultaneous homopolymerization. The observed homopolymerization results agreed with the proposal. Kinetic chain-length measurements on the graft copolymer and homopolymerization were used to evaluate the kinetic parameters. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1995.070561012
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