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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2001-07-14
    Description: Gastrointestinal (GI) tract damage by chemotherapy or radiation limits their efficacy in cancer treatment. Radiation has been postulated to target epithelial stem cells within the crypts of Lieberkuhn to initiate the lethal GI syndrome. Here, we show in mouse models that microvascular endothelial apoptosis is the primary lesion leading to stem cell dysfunction. Radiation-induced crypt damage, organ failure, and death from the GI syndrome were prevented when endothelial apoptosis was inhibited pharmacologically by intravenous basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) or genetically by deletion of the acid sphingomyelinase gene. Endothelial, but not crypt, cells express FGF receptor transcripts, suggesting that the endothelial lesion occurs before crypt stem cell damage in the evolution of the GI syndrome. This study provides a basis for new approaches to prevent radiation damage to the bowel.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Paris, F -- Fuks, Z -- Kang, A -- Capodieci, P -- Juan, G -- Ehleiter, D -- Haimovitz-Friedman, A -- Cordon-Cardo, C -- Kolesnick, R -- CA52462/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA85704/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Jul 13;293(5528):293-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Signal Transduction and, Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11452123" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Annexin A5/metabolism ; *Apoptosis/drug effects/radiation effects ; Bone Marrow/radiation effects ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; Capillaries ; Endothelium, Vascular/drug effects/pathology/*radiation effects ; Fibroblast Growth Factors/pharmacology ; Humans ; In Situ Nick-End Labeling ; Intestinal Mucosa/blood supply/cytology/pathology/*radiation effects ; Intestines/blood supply/pathology/*radiation effects ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Neoplasms/pathology/radiotherapy ; Receptors, Fibroblast Growth Factor/metabolism ; Sphingomyelin Phosphodiesterase/deficiency/genetics/metabolism ; Stem Cells/radiation effects ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/deficiency/metabolism ; Whole-Body Irradiation
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 1999-09-25
    Description: Inactivating mutations in the PTEN tumor suppressor gene, encoding a phosphatase, occur in three related human autosomal dominant disorders characterized by tumor susceptibility. Here it is shown that Pten heterozygous (Pten+/-) mutants develop a lethal polyclonal autoimmune disorder with features reminiscent of those observed in Fas-deficient mutants. Fas-mediated apoptosis was impaired in Pten+/- mice, and T lymphocytes from these mice show reduced activation-induced cell death and increased proliferation upon activation. Phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase inhibitors restored Fas responsiveness in Pten+/- cells. These results indicate that Pten is an essential mediator of the Fas response and a repressor of autoimmunity and thus implicate the PI 3-kinase/Akt pathway in Fas-mediated apoptosis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Di Cristofano, A -- Kotsi, P -- Peng, Y F -- Cordon-Cardo, C -- Elkon, K B -- Pandolfi, P P -- AR45482/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- CA-08748/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA-82328/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Sep 24;285(5436):2122-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Human Genetics-Molecular Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, Sloan-Kettering Institute, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10497129" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antibodies, Antinuclear/blood ; Antigens, CD95/*physiology ; *Apoptosis ; Autoimmune Diseases/*immunology/pathology ; B-Lymphocytes/immunology/pathology ; Female ; Heterozygote ; Immunoglobulin G/blood ; Kidney Diseases/*immunology/pathology ; Kidney Glomerulus/immunology/pathology ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; PTEN Phosphohydrolase ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors/metabolism ; Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases/genetics/*physiology ; Phosphorylation ; *Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology/pathology ; *Tumor Suppressor Proteins
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2009-02-13
    Description: The first recurrent translocation event in prostate cancer has been recently described; it results in the translocation of an ETS (E26 transformation specific) transcription factor (ERG or ETV1) to the TMPRSS2 promoter region, which contains androgen responsive elements. The TMPRSS2:ERG genetic rearrangement has been reported to occur in approximately 40% of primary prostate tumours (ETV1 genetic rearrangements occur at a much lower frequency), and it results in the aberrant androgen-regulated expression of ERG. Tomlins et al. concluded that ETS genetic rearrangements are sufficient to initiate prostate neoplasia. However, here we show that ETS genetic rearrangements may in fact represent progression events rather than initiation events in prostate tumorigenesis. To this end, we demonstrate that the prostate-specific overexpression of ERG does not initiate prostate tumorigenesis.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2967456/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2967456/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Carver, Brett S -- Tran, Jennifer -- Chen, Zhenbang -- Carracedo-Perez, Arkaitz -- Alimonti, Andrea -- Nardella, Caterina -- Gopalan, Anuradha -- Scardino, Peter T -- Cordon-Cardo, Carlos -- Gerald, William -- Pandolfi, Pier Paolo -- P50 CA092629/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- P50 CA092629-10/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA082328/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA082328-12/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 MD004038/MD/NIMHD NIH HHS/ -- U01 CA084292/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- U01 CA084292-10/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2009 Feb 12;457(7231):E1; discussion E2-3. doi: 10.1038/nature07738.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10021, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19212347" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/*genetics/metabolism/pathology ; DNA-Binding Proteins/genetics ; Disease Progression ; Gene Expression ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Oncogene Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Prostatic Neoplasms/*genetics/metabolism ; Transcription Factors/genetics ; *Translocation, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2010-03-20
    Description: Cellular senescence has been recently shown to have an important role in opposing tumour initiation and promotion. Senescence induced by oncogenes or by loss of tumour suppressor genes is thought to critically depend on induction of the p19(Arf)-p53 pathway. The Skp2 E3-ubiquitin ligase can act as a proto-oncogene and its aberrant overexpression is frequently observed in human cancers. Here we show that although Skp2 inactivation on its own does not induce cellular senescence, aberrant proto-oncogenic signals as well as inactivation of tumour suppressor genes do trigger a potent, tumour-suppressive senescence response in mice and cells devoid of Skp2. Notably, Skp2 inactivation and oncogenic-stress-driven senescence neither elicit activation of the p19(Arf)-p53 pathway nor DNA damage, but instead depend on Atf4, p27 and p21. We further demonstrate that genetic Skp2 inactivation evokes cellular senescence even in oncogenic conditions in which the p19(Arf)-p53 response is impaired, whereas a Skp2-SCF complex inhibitor can trigger cellular senescence in p53/Pten-deficient cells and tumour regression in preclinical studies. Our findings therefore provide proof-of-principle evidence that pharmacological inhibition of Skp2 may represent a general approach for cancer prevention and therapy.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2928066/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2928066/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lin, Hui-Kuan -- Chen, Zhenbang -- Wang, Guocan -- Nardella, Caterina -- Lee, Szu-Wei -- Chan, Chia-Hsin -- Yang, Wei-Lei -- Wang, Jing -- Egia, Ainara -- Nakayama, Keiichi I -- Cordon-Cardo, Carlos -- Teruya-Feldstein, Julie -- Pandolfi, Pier Paolo -- R01 CA082328/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA082328-13/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 MD004038/MD/NIMHD NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2010 Mar 18;464(7287):374-9. doi: 10.1038/nature08815.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Cancer Biology and Genetics Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10021, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20237562" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Activating Transcription Factor 4/metabolism ; Adenovirus E1A Proteins/genetics/metabolism ; Animals ; *Cell Aging/drug effects ; *Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16/deficiency/genetics/metabolism ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21/metabolism ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27/metabolism ; Fibroblasts ; Male ; Mice ; PTEN Phosphohydrolase/deficiency/genetics/metabolism ; Prostate/cytology/metabolism ; Prostatic Neoplasms/drug therapy/pathology/prevention & control ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)/genetics/metabolism ; S-Phase Kinase-Associated Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors/genetics/*metabolism ; SKP Cullin F-Box Protein Ligases/metabolism ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/deficiency/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 1998-03-21
    Description: The PML gene is fused to the retinoic acid receptor alpha (RARalpha) gene in chromosomal translocations associated with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Ablation of murine PML protein by homologous recombination revealed that PML regulates hemopoietic differentiation and controls cell growth and tumorigenesis. PML function was essential for the tumor-growth-suppressive activity of retinoic acid (RA) and for its ability to induce terminal myeloid differentiation of precursor cells. PML was needed for the RA-dependent transactivation of the p21WAF1/CIP1 gene, which regulates cell cycle progression and cellular differentiation. These results indicate that PML is a critical component of the RA pathway and that disruption of its activity by the PML-RARalpha fusion protein may be important in APL pathogenesis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Wang, Z G -- Delva, L -- Gaboli, M -- Rivi, R -- Giorgio, M -- Cordon-Cardo, C -- Grosveld, F -- Pandolfi, P P -- CA 71692/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA-08748/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1998 Mar 6;279(5356):1547-51.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, Sloan-Kettering Division, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9488655" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Apoptosis ; Cell Differentiation/drug effects ; *Cell Division ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; Cells, Cultured ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 ; Cyclins/genetics ; Female ; Fibroblasts/cytology ; Gene Targeting ; Granulocytes/cytology ; Hematopoiesis ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells/cytology ; Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/pathology ; Male ; Mice ; Monocytes/cytology ; Neoplasm Proteins/genetics/*physiology ; Neoplasms, Experimental/etiology ; *Nuclear Proteins ; Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/physiology ; Transcription Factors/genetics/*physiology ; Transcriptional Activation ; Tretinoin/pharmacology/*physiology ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2003-05-17
    Description: About 50% of cancer patients receive radiation therapy. Here we investigated the hypothesis that tumor response to radiation is determined not only by tumor cell phenotype but also by microvascular sensitivity. MCA/129 fibrosarcomas and B16F1 melanomas grown in apoptosis-resistant acid sphingomyelinase (asmase)-deficient or Bax-deficient mice displayed markedly reduced baseline microvascular endothelial apoptosis and grew 200 to 400% faster than tumors on wild-type microvasculature. Thus, endothelial apoptosis is a homeostatic factor regulating angiogenesis-dependent tumor growth. Moreover, these tumors exhibited reduced endothelial apoptosis upon irradiation and, unlike tumors in wild-type mice, they were resistant to single-dose radiation up to 20 grays (Gy). These studies indicate that microvascular damage regulates tumor cell response to radiation at the clinically relevant dose range.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Garcia-Barros, Monica -- Paris, Francois -- Cordon-Cardo, Carlos -- Lyden, David -- Rafii, Shahin -- Haimovitz-Friedman, Adriana -- Fuks, Zvi -- Kolesnick, Richard -- CA 52462/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 85704/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2003 May 16;300(5622):1155-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12750523" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Apoptosis ; Bone Marrow Transplantation ; Disease Models, Animal ; Endothelium, Vascular/enzymology/*pathology ; Fibrosarcoma/blood supply/*radiotherapy ; In Situ Nick-End Labeling ; Melanoma, Experimental/blood supply/*radiotherapy ; Mice ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/genetics ; *Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; Radiation Tolerance ; Sphingomyelin Phosphodiesterase/genetics ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2003-01-11
    Description: Mutations in DKC1 cause dyskeratosis congenita (DC), a disease characterized by premature aging and increased tumor susceptibility. The DKC1 protein binds to the box H + ACA small nucleolar RNAs and the RNA component of telomerase. Here we show that hypomorphic Dkc1 mutant (Dkc1m) mice recapitulate in the first and second generations (G1 and G2) the clinical features of DC. Dkc1m cells from G1 and G2 mice were impaired in ribosomal RNA pseudouridylation before the onset of disease. Reductions of telomere length in Dkc1m mice became evident only in later generations. These results suggest that deregulated ribosome function is important in the initiation of DC, whereas telomere shortening may modify and/or exacerbate DC.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ruggero, Davide -- Grisendi, Silvia -- Piazza, Francesco -- Rego, Eduardo -- Mari, Francesca -- Rao, Pulivarthi H -- Cordon-Cardo, Carlos -- Pandolfi, Pier Paolo -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2003 Jan 10;299(5604):259-62.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Molecular Biology Program, Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, Sloan-Kettering Institute, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12522253" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Anemia ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; Bone Marrow Cells ; Cell Cycle Proteins/*genetics/*physiology ; Colony-Forming Units Assay ; Disease Models, Animal ; Dyskeratosis Congenita/complications/*genetics/*metabolism ; Female ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells/physiology ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Male ; Mice ; Mutation ; Neoplasms/*etiology ; Nuclear Proteins/*genetics/*physiology ; Pseudouridine/*metabolism ; RNA, Ribosomal/*metabolism ; Ribosomes/physiology ; Telomerase/metabolism ; Telomere/metabolism/ultrastructure
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1994-07-15
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kamb, A -- Liu, Q -- Harshman, K -- Tavtigian, S -- Cordon-Cardo, C -- Skolnick, M H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Jul 15;265(5170):416-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17838044" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 1999-05-25
    Print ISSN: 0027-8424
    Electronic ISSN: 1091-6490
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
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  • 10
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