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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 5 (1998), S. 450-454 
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A method is developed for determining directly from experimental data the classical tearing mode stability parameter Δ′. Specifically, an analytical fit function is derived for the electron temperature fluctuations (T˜e) in the vicinity of a magnetic island. Values of Δ′ determined from the fit function parameters for m/n=2/1, 3/2 and 4/3 modes (m and n are poloidal and toroidal mode numbers) are obtained using the high resolution T˜e profile data from major radius shift ("jog") experiments on the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) [D. Meade et al., Proceedings of the International Conference on Plasma Physics and Controlled Nuclear Fusion. Washington, District of Columbia, 1990 (International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, 1991), Vol. I, pp. 9–24]. It is found that the n≥2 modes have Δ′〈0. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 4637-4645 
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Numerical studies of the nonlinear evolution of magnetohydrodynamic-type tearing modes in three-dimensional toroidal geometry with neoclassical effects are presented. The inclusion of neoclassical physics introduces an additional free-energy source for the nonlinear formation of magnetic islands through the effects of a bootstrap current in Ohm's law. The neoclassical tearing mode is demonstrated to be destabilized in plasmas which are otherwise Δ′ stable, albeit once an island width threshold is exceeded. The plasma pressure dynamics and neoclassical tearing growth is shown to be sensitive to the choice of the ratio of the parallel to perpendicular diffusivity (χ(parallel)/χ⊥). The study is completed with a demonstration and theoretical comparison of the threshold for single helicity neoclassical magnetohydrodynamic tearing modes, which is described based on parameter scans of the local pressure gradient, the ratio of perpendicular to parallel pressure diffusivities χ⊥/χ(parallel), and the magnitude of an initial seed magnetic perturbation. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 2 (1995), S. 1581-1598 
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The nonlinear dynamics of rotating low m (poloidal mode number) tearing modes in a tokamak with external resonant magnetic perturbations is examined. Nonlinear evolution equations for the island width and the toroidal rotation frequency are derived within the two-fluid magnetohydrodynamic model, taking into account the plasma rotation and neoclassical parallel viscosity. The nonlinear stability of magnetic islands interacting with a static external magnetic perturbation is considered, and the critical magnetic field for the appearance of a locked mode is determined. It is shown that the coupling of the perpendicular and longitudinal plasma flow due to the neoclassical plasma viscosity enhances the amplitude of the critical magnetic field compared to the value obtained in a slab approximation. The perpendicular plasma viscosity causes a finite phase shift between the applied external field and the magnetic island, and further increases the value of the critical magnetic field required to induce a magnetic island. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 1 (1994), S. 2308-2318 
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The stability properties of m≥2 tearing instabilities in tokamak plasmas are analyzed. A boundary layer theory is used to find asymptotic solutions to the ideal external kink equation, which are used to obtain a simple analytic expression for the tearing instability parameter Δ'. This calculation generalizes previous work on this topic by considering more general toroidal equilibria (however, toroidal coupling effects are ignored.) Constructions of Δ' are obtained for plasmas with finite beta and for islands that have nonzero width. A simple heuristic estimate is given for the value of the saturated island width when the instability criterion is violated. A connection is made between the calculation of the asymptotic matching parameter in the finite beta and island width case to the nonlinear analog of the Glasser effect [Phys. Fluids 18, 875 (1975)].
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 1 (1994), S. 2245-2253 
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: This paper explores the equilibrium and transient transport properties of a mixed magnetic topology model for tokamak equilibria. The magnetic topology is composed of a discrete set of mostly nonoverlapping magnetic islands centered on the low-order rational surfaces. Transport across the island regions is fast due to parallel transport along the stochastic magnetic-field lines about the separatrix of each island. Transport between island regions is assumed to be slow due to a low residual cross-field transport. In equilibrium, such a model leads to a nonlinear dependence of the heat flux on the pressure gradient; a power balance diffusion coefficient which increases from core to edge; and profile resiliency. Transiently, such a model also exhibits a heat pulse diffusion coefficient larger than the power balance diffusion coefficient.
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 5 (1998), S. 4292-4299 
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A new Δ′ shooting code has been developed to investigate tokamak plasma tearing mode stability in a cylinder and large aspect ratio (ε≤0.25) toroidal geometries, neglecting toroidal mode coupling. A different computational algorithm is used (shooting out from the singular surface instead of into it) to resolve the strong singularities at the mode rational surface, particularly in the presence of the finite pressure term. Numerical results compare favorably with Furth et al. [H. P. Furth et al., Phys. Fluids 16, 1054 (1973)] results. The effects of finite pressure, which are shown to decrease Δ′, are discussed. It is shown that the distortion of the flux surfaces by the Shafranov shift, which modifies the geometry metric elements, stabilizes the tearing mode significantly, even in a low-β regime before the toroidal magnetic curvature effects come into play. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 1 (1994), S. 648-657 
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A computer code package has been developed to simulate the linear and nonlinear evolution of long-wavelength resistive magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) instabilities in a four-node poloidal divertor tokamak (e.g., Wisconsin Tokapole II [Nucl. Fusion 19, 1509 (1979)]). Distinguishing features of this package include the use of a full set of three-dimensional (3-D) nonlinear resistive MHD equations and the inclusion of the divertor separatrix and the plasma outside the divertor separatrix in the computational domain. The present numerical results suggest that the plasma current outside the divertor separatrix tends to linearly stabilize the resistive MHD instability dominated by the m=2, n=1 mode, and, to a lesser extent, that dominated by the m=1, n=1 mode. (Here, m and n are poloidal and toroidal mode numbers, respectively.) However, the nonlinear evolution of the m=1, n=1 dominant instability is not significantly affected by the divertor configuration; the m=1, n=1 island is shown to reconnect totally by developing a large region of magnetic stochasticity. Hence, the cause of the partial reconnection observed in Tokapole II seems to lie beyond the scope of the classical resistive MHD model.
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 76 (1994), S. 7616-7618 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Ion-matrix dose dependence calculations for plasma source ion implantation in planar, cylindrical, and spherical geometries are presented. It is demonstrated that in the high plasma density limit (in relation to the applied electrode potential and electrode size), the spherical and cylindrical cases approach the planar case. However, in the low relative density limit, the density dependencies diverge with the dependence vanishing for the spherical case, remaining unchanged for the planar case, and with the cylindrical case lying between the previous two. © 1994 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 5 (1993), S. 1647-1655 
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The flow of plasma into a perfectly absorbing wall, primarily in the sheath and presheath regions, is investigated. Fluidlike moment equations are derived from kinetic theory to include the improved parallel viscosity and heat flux for a transition region between the collisional presheath and the collisionless sheath of the plasma. Both the electron and ion distribution functions are obtained. The ion viscous force, which has usually been considered to be a small term, is deduced from the distribution function, and it is found to be comparable to the electric field force everywhere. The treatment removes the singularity between the presheath and sheath regions in the ion moment equations. One of the results is that, because of the thermal conduction effects in the sheath region, the total heat flux at the wall is larger (∼30%) than in previous work.
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 4 (1992), S. 1182-1192 
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The unified fluid/kinetic equations developed in Part I [Phys. Fluids B 4, (square, solid)(square, solid)(square, solid) (1992)] of this work are used to study plasma-drift-type microinstabilities. A generalized perturbed Ohm's law is derived (for a sheared slab magnetic field model) that is uniformly valid for arbitrary collisionality ω/ν and adiabaticity ω/k(parallel)vt. Applications to electron drift waves, ion temperature gradient modes (ηi modes) and electron electromagnetic modes (microtearing modes) are addressed. It is shown that the unified equations exhibit their simple and uniformed features in the plasma microinstability analysis. The well-known results of these instability branches in both fluid and adiabatic limits are easily recovered using the new fluid/kinetic equations. Generalization of the two-field Hasegawa–Wakatani turbulent equations [Phys. Rev. Lett. 50, 682 (1983)] to include electron temperature fluctuations and linear Landau damping effects is also discussed. Finally, a new method is presented to facilitate the study of magnetic trapped particle modes using the present kinetic closure procedure. It is found that by including the trapped particle effects in the closure relations, the usual separation of the fluid equations into trapped and untrapped components becomes unnecessary.
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