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  • Articles  (20)
  • Chemistry and Pharmacology  (12)
  • Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics  (9)
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  • Articles  (20)
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  • 1
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    Lineage-negative progenitors mobilize to regenerate lung epithelium after major injury (2014)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-12-24
    Description: Broadly, tissue regeneration is achieved in two ways: by proliferation of common differentiated cells and/or by deployment of specialized stem/progenitor cells. Which of these pathways applies is both organ- and injury-specific. Current models in the lung posit that epithelial repair can be attributed to cells expressing mature lineage markers. By contrast, here we define the regenerative role of previously uncharacterized, rare lineage-negative epithelial stem/progenitor (LNEP) cells present within normal distal lung. Quiescent LNEPs activate a DeltaNp63 (a p63 splice variant) and cytokeratin 5 remodelling program after influenza or bleomycin injury in mice. Activated cells proliferate and migrate widely to occupy heavily injured areas depleted of mature lineages, at which point they differentiate towards mature epithelium. Lineage tracing revealed scant contribution of pre-existing mature epithelial cells in such repair, whereas orthotopic transplantation of LNEPs, isolated by a definitive surface profile identified through single-cell sequencing, directly demonstrated the proliferative capacity and multipotency of this population. LNEPs require Notch signalling to activate the DeltaNp63 and cytokeratin 5 program, and subsequent Notch blockade promotes an alveolar cell fate. Persistent Notch signalling after injury led to parenchymal 'micro-honeycombing' (alveolar cysts), indicative of failed regeneration. Lungs from patients with fibrosis show analogous honeycomb cysts with evidence of hyperactive Notch signalling. Our findings indicate that distinct stem/progenitor cell pools repopulate injured tissue depending on the extent of the injury, and the outcomes of regeneration or fibrosis may depend in part on the dynamics of LNEP Notch signalling.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4312207/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4312207/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Vaughan, Andrew E -- Brumwell, Alexis N -- Xi, Ying -- Gotts, Jeffrey E -- Brownfield, Doug G -- Treutlein, Barbara -- Tan, Kevin -- Tan, Victor -- Liu, Feng Chun -- Looney, Mark R -- Matthay, Michael A -- Rock, Jason R -- Chapman, Harold A -- F32 HL117600-01/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HL44712/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- U01 HL099995/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- U01 HL099999/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- U01 HL111054/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2015 Jan 29;517(7536):621-5. doi: 10.1038/nature14112. Epub 2014 Dec 24.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California 94143, USA. ; Department of Biochemistry, Stanford University School of Medicine and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford, California 94305, USA. ; Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig, Germany. ; Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), San Francisco, California 94143, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25533958" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Bleomycin ; Cell Lineage ; Cell Proliferation ; Cell Separation ; Cysts/metabolism/pathology ; Epithelial Cells/*cytology/metabolism/*pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Keratin-5/metabolism ; Lung/*cytology/*pathology/physiology ; Lung Injury/chemically induced/*pathology/virology ; Male ; Mice ; Orthomyxoviridae Infections/pathology/virology ; Phosphoproteins/genetics/metabolism ; *Re-Epithelialization ; Receptors, Notch/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Stem Cell Transplantation ; Stem Cells/*cytology/metabolism ; Trans-Activators/genetics/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Novel two-dimensional laser scanning technique
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Optics and Lasers in Engineering 17 (1992), S. 1-8 
    Details
    ISSN: 0143-8166
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics , Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0143-8166(92)90022-Y
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The creep behavior of ideally atactic and commercial polymethylmethacrylate (1974)
    Springer
    Rheologica acta 13 (1974), S. 367-376 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1528
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Summary The shear creep behavior of polymethylmethacrylate, PMMA, samples has been studied in the neighborhood of and above their glass temperatures. One of the materials studied was “ideally” atactic with equal numbers of random isotactic and syndiotactic placements, while the other was a commercial or “conventional” PMMA which was about 76% syndiotactic. The glass temperatures,T g , were found to be 106 and 117 °C respectively. Evacuation above the glass temperature for several weeks was necessary before reproducible creep compliance,J (t), curves could be obtained. It is believed that absorbed water plasticized the polar materials and its removal led to the shifting of theJ (t) curves to longer times. For both materials apparently successful temperature reduction was found to be possible within the temperature range of our investigations, i.e. up to 200 °C. Retardation spectra were calculated from the reduced curves and are compared. The temperature dependences, as described by the time scale shift factors,a T , were similar when allowance is made for the different glass temperature. Botha T curves could not be fitted to theWilliams, Landel, andFerry, WLF, free volume expression. These are the first examples of such a deviation for amorphous high polymers. It is proposed that the primary softening dispersion has two distinctly different groups of viscoelastic mechanisms contributing to it. On this basis the primary dispersion was decomposed into the two contributions. Both of the resulting temperature dependences were satisfactorily fitted to the WLF equation. Differences in the retardation spectra are noted. The glassy compliance of the commercial PMMA appears to be about twice that of the atactic PMMA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01521729
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Melt rheology of blends of semicrystalline polymers. I. Degradation and viscosity of poly(ethylene terephthalate)-polyamide-6,6 mixtures (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 27 (1982), S. 1913-1931 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Melt rheology of poly(ethylene terephthalate)-polyamide-6,6, and their blends was studied between 240°C and 300°C, in capillary and rotational rheometers. The flow curves were determined in the range of rate shear from about 10-2to 105 (s-1). The results indicate a considerable degree of compatibility, presence of associations between the two types of macromolecules, and cocrystallization. A new mechanism of flow for the blends has been proposed. The study also considers the kinetics of thermal degradation.
    Additional Material: 18 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1982.070270606
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  • 5
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    Numerical Investigations into the Tensile Behavior of TiO2Nanowires: Structural Deformation, Mechanical Properties, and Size Effects (2009)
    American Chemical Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-02-11
    Print ISSN: 1530-6984
    Electronic ISSN: 1530-6992
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Published by American Chemical Society
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  • 6
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    Molecular Simulation of the Frictional Behavior of Polymer-on-Polymer Sliding (2011)
    American Chemical Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-05-17
    Print ISSN: 0743-7463
    Electronic ISSN: 1520-5827
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by American Chemical Society
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  • 7
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    Molecular Dynamics Simulation of ZnO Nanowires: Size Effects, Defects, and Super Ductility (2010)
    American Chemical Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-01-19
    Print ISSN: 0743-7463
    Electronic ISSN: 1520-5827
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by American Chemical Society
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  • 8
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    Entropy, Vol. 19, Pages 487: Real-Time Robust Voice Activity Detection Using the Upper Envelope Weighted Entropy Measure and the Dual-Rate Adaptive Nonlinear Filter (2017)
    MDPI Publishing
    In: Entropy
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-10-29
    Description: Entropy, Vol. 19, Pages 487: Real-Time Robust Voice Activity Detection Using the Upper Envelope Weighted Entropy Measure and the Dual-Rate Adaptive Nonlinear Filter Entropy doi: 10.3390/e19110487 Authors: Wei Ong Alan Tan V. Vengadasalam Cheah Tan Thean Ooi Voice activity detection (VAD) is a vital process in voice communication systems to avoid unnecessary coding and transmission of noise. Most of the existing VAD algorithms continue to suffer high false alarm rates and low sensitivity when the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is low, at 0 dB and below. Others are developed to operate in offline mode or are impractical for implementation in actual devices due to high computational complexity. This paper proposes the upper envelope weighted entropy (UEWE) measure as a means to enable high separation of speech and non-speech segments in voice communication. The asymmetric nonlinear filter (ANF) is employed in UEWE to extract the adaptive weight factor that is subsequently used to compensate the noise effect. In addition, this paper also introduces a dual-rate adaptive nonlinear filter (DANF) with high adaptivity to rapid time-varying noise for computation of the decision threshold. Performance comparison with standard and recent VADs shows that the proposed algorithm is superior especially in real-time practical applications.
    Electronic ISSN: 1099-4300
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Published by MDPI Publishing
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  • 9
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    Insight of the interface of electroless Ni–P/SiC composite coating on aluminium alloy, LM24 (2015)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-11-01
    Print ISSN: 0264-1275
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Elsevier
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  • 10
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    Green Synthesis of Silicon Carbide Nanowhiskers by Microwave Heating of Blends of Palm Kernel Shell and Silica (2016)
    Institute of Physics (IOP)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-12-07
    Description: Silicon carbide nanomaterials especially silicon carbide nanowhiskers (SiCNWs) has been known for its excellent properties such as high thermal stability, good chemical inertness and excellent electronic properties. In this paper, a green synthesis of SiCNWs by microwave heating of blends of palm kernel shell (PKS) and silica was presented. The effect of ratio of PKS and silica on the synthesis process was also studied and reported. Blends of PKS and silica in different ratio were mixed homogenously in ultrasonic bath for 2 hours using ethanol as liquid medium. The blends were then dried on hotplate to remove the ethanol and compressed into pellets form.. Synthesis was conducted in 2.45 GHz multimode cavity at 1400 °C for 40 minutes. X-ray diffraction revealed that β-SiC was detected for samples synthesized from blends with ratio of PKS to silica of 5:1 and 7:1. FESEM images also show that SiCNWs with the average diameter of 70 nm were successfully formed from blends with ratio ...
    Print ISSN: 1757-8981
    Electronic ISSN: 1757-899X
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Published by Institute of Physics (IOP)
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