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  • essential light chain  (1)
  • immunohistochemistry  (1)
  • mast cells  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Myofibrillar protein structure and assembly during idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (1999)
    Springer
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry 195 (1999), S. 1-10 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Keywords: myosin light chains ; native thick filaments ; dilated cardiomyopathy ; heart failure ; immunohistochemistry ; mekratin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A neutral protease, mekratin, active in human hearts at end stage idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDC), mediates the breakdown of cardiac myosin LC2. Myosin purified from IDC heart tissue forms unusually short synthetic thick filaments. Therefore, determination of filament length and mekratin distribution in IDC heart muscle were initiated. Native thick filaments were prepared directly from control and IDC tissues and analyzed. Also, paraffin-embedded tissue sections were stained with a fluorescently-labeled anti-protease antibody to establish its distribution in myocardial tissues. Control sections had only very weak, background levels of fluorescence whereas IDC sections stained intensely throughout, indicating a wide ranging distribution of the protease within the myocyte cytoplasm. SDS-PAGE revealed LC2 to be present in stoichiometric amounts in control but greatly reduced in IDC heart muscle. Native thick filaments from control myocardium were structurally stable. They had a median length of 1.65 μm with well-defined bare zones and displayed the 43 nm helical periodicity typical of the relaxed arrangement of myosin heads close to the filaments' shafts. In contrast, native IDC filaments were less stable, and had a median length of 0.9 μm. These filaments were highly disordered: they had no surface periodicity and myosin heads were positioned away from the filaments' shafts. The shorter, less stable, aperiodic thick filaments from IDC hearts appear to result from depletion of LC2 caused by increased activity of mekratin in the IDC myocardium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006940513097
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Human cardiac myosin light chains: Sequence comparisons between myosin LC1 and LC2 from normal and idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathic hearts (1995)
    Springer
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry 145 (1995), S. 89-96 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Keywords: cardiac myosin ; regulatory light chain ; essential light chain ; primary structure ; amino acid sequence ; idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The primary structures of light chains isolated from the human myocardium with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDC) were determined and compared with the sequence structures of myosin light chains obtained from control human heart myosin. Sequences were determined by chemical analysis and the identity of N-terminal residues established by mass spectrometry. The N-terminal residues in essential (ELC) and regulatory (RLC) light chains were blocked and were identified to be trimethyl alanine. The amino acid sequences of ELC and RLC from control human myosin revealed a high degree of homology with those purified from rat and chicken cardiac myosin. Comparison with a published partial chemical sequence of the human heart myosin light chains revealed significant variations. However, there was very good agreement with published sequences obtained by molecular biological techniques. Sequences of the light chains from cardiomyopathic myosin revealed no difference in the primary structures when compared with control human heart myosin light chains indicating IDC had no influence on, nor was caused by, altered myosin light chain gene expression.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00925718
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cloning of the cDNA and nucleotide sequence of a skeletal muscle protease from myopathic hamsters (1998)
    Springer
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry 181 (1998), S. 125-135 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Keywords: cardiomyopathy ; serine proteases ; myosin light chain 2 ; cDNA cloning ; mast cells ; mekratin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A neutral protease with an estimated Mr of about 26 kD and responsible for cleavage of myosin LC2 was isolated from hamster skeletal muscle. Complementary DNAs were generated by RT-PCR using total hamster muscle RNA and degenerate oligonucleotide primers based on the sequences of two internal peptides. The nucleotide sequences of the resultant cDNAs were subsequently determined and the complete amino acid sequence of the protease deduced. Although the hamster protein shared 63-85% identity in nucleotide and amino acid sequences with rat and mouse mast cell proteases, it had a higher degree of specificity for myosin LC2 than mast cell proteases which also digested myosin LC1 and myosin heavy chains. As a result, the hamster protease was designated mekratin because of its unique enzymatic specificities to distinguish it from other mast cell proteases. A polyclonal antibody was raised specific to the hamster muscle and human cardiac muscle mekratins without apparent cross-reaction with rat mast cell proteases. We have earlier demonstrated the presence in excess of a neutral protease that specifically cleaves LC2 in human hearts obtained at end stage idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDC). Western analyses revealed that heart tissue from patients with IDC contained 5-10 fold more mekratin than control samples. Furthermore, the level of the protease in human IDC tissues was similar to that seen in myopathic hamster skeletal muscle. No bands were recognized by the antibody when IDC myofibrils were probed due to the removal of soluble proteins during sample preparation. Thus, these results strongly suggest that the anti-mekratin antibody will provide positive identification of IDC in many cases and diagnosis by exclusion may be replaced.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006842332340
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