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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2012-10-09
    Description: The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the primary organelle for folding and maturation of secretory and transmembrane proteins. Inability to meet protein-folding demand leads to "ER stress," and activates IRE1alpha, an ER transmembrane kinase-endoribonuclease (RNase). IRE1alpha promotes adaptation through splicing Xbp1 mRNA or apoptosis through incompletely understood mechanisms. Here, we found that sustained IRE1alpha RNase activation caused rapid decay of select microRNAs (miRs -17, -34a, -96, and -125b) that normally repress translation of Caspase-2 mRNA, and thus sharply elevates protein levels of this initiator protease of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. In cell-free systems, recombinant IRE1alpha endonucleolytically cleaved microRNA precursors at sites distinct from DICER. Thus, IRE1alpha regulates translation of a proapoptotic protein through terminating microRNA biogenesis, and noncoding RNAs are part of the ER stress response.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3742121/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3742121/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Upton, John-Paul -- Wang, Likun -- Han, Dan -- Wang, Eric S -- Huskey, Noelle E -- Lim, Lionel -- Truitt, Morgan -- McManus, Michael T -- Ruggero, Davide -- Goga, Andrei -- Papa, Feroz R -- Oakes, Scott A -- DK063720/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DP2 OD001925/OD/NIH HHS/ -- DP2OD001925/OD/NIH HHS/ -- GM080783/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- P30 DK063720/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA136577/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA136717/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA140456/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA154916/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK080955/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 GM080783/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- R01CA136577/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01CA136717/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01CA140456/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01CA154916/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01DK080955/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2012 Nov 9;338(6108):818-22. doi: 10.1126/science.1226191. Epub 2012 Oct 4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23042294" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 3' Untranslated Regions ; Animals ; Apoptosis ; Brefeldin A/pharmacology ; Caspase 2/*genetics/*metabolism ; Cell-Free System ; Cells, Cultured ; Cysteine Endopeptidases/*genetics/*metabolism ; Down-Regulation ; Endoplasmic Reticulum/metabolism ; *Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress ; Endoribonucleases/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Enzyme Activation ; HEK293 Cells ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; MicroRNAs/*metabolism ; Mutant Proteins ; Protein Biosynthesis ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; RNA Stability ; RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism ; Up-Regulation
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2012-03-01
    Description: The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) kinase is a master regulator of protein synthesis that couples nutrient sensing to cell growth and cancer. However, the downstream translationally regulated nodes of gene expression that may direct cancer development are poorly characterized. Using ribosome profiling, we uncover specialized translation of the prostate cancer genome by oncogenic mTOR signalling, revealing a remarkably specific repertoire of genes involved in cell proliferation, metabolism and invasion. We extend these findings by functionally characterizing a class of translationally controlled pro-invasion messenger RNAs that we show direct prostate cancer invasion and metastasis downstream of oncogenic mTOR signalling. Furthermore, we develop a clinically relevant ATP site inhibitor of mTOR, INK128, which reprograms this gene expression signature with therapeutic benefit for prostate cancer metastasis, for which there is presently no cure. Together, these findings extend our understanding of how the 'cancerous' translation machinery steers specific cancer cell behaviours, including metastasis, and may be therapeutically targeted.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3663483/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3663483/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hsieh, Andrew C -- Liu, Yi -- Edlind, Merritt P -- Ingolia, Nicholas T -- Janes, Matthew R -- Sher, Annie -- Shi, Evan Y -- Stumpf, Craig R -- Christensen, Carly -- Bonham, Michael J -- Wang, Shunyou -- Ren, Pingda -- Martin, Michael -- Jessen, Katti -- Feldman, Morris E -- Weissman, Jonathan S -- Shokat, Kevan M -- Rommel, Christian -- Ruggero, Davide -- R01 CA140456/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA154916/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- Howard Hughes Medical Institute/ -- England -- Nature. 2012 Feb 22;485(7396):55-61. doi: 10.1038/nature10912.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉School of Medicine and Department of Urology, Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, California 94158, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22367541" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/metabolism ; Animals ; Benzoxazoles/pharmacology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Movement/drug effects/genetics ; Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-4E/metabolism ; Eukaryotic Initiation Factors/metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects/genetics ; Genome/genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Neoplasm Invasiveness/genetics ; *Neoplasm Metastasis/drug therapy/genetics ; Phosphoproteins/metabolism ; Prostatic Neoplasms/drug therapy/genetics/*pathology ; *Protein Biosynthesis ; Pyrimidines/pharmacology ; RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism ; Repressor Proteins/metabolism ; *Signal Transduction ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2006-05-13
    Description: The DKC1 gene encodes a pseudouridine synthase that modifies ribosomal RNA (rRNA). DKC1 is mutated in people with X-linked dyskeratosis congenita (X-DC), a disease characterized by bone marrow failure, skin abnormalities, and increased susceptibility to cancer. How alterations in ribosome modification might lead to cancer and other features of the disease remains unknown. Using an unbiased proteomics strategy, we discovered a specific defect in IRES (internal ribosome entry site)-dependent translation in Dkc1(m) mice and in cells from X-DC patients. This defect results in impaired translation of messenger RNAs containing IRES elements, including those encoding the tumor suppressor p27(Kip1) and the antiapoptotic factors Bcl-xL and XIAP (X-linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein). Moreover, Dkc1(m) ribosomes were unable to direct translation from IRES elements present in viral messenger RNAs. These findings reveal a potential mechanism by which defective ribosome activity leads to disease and cancer.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Yoon, Andrew -- Peng, Guang -- Brandenburger, Yves -- Zollo, Ornella -- Xu, Wei -- Rego, Eduardo -- Ruggero, Davide -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 May 12;312(5775):902-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Human Genetics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16690864" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *5' Untranslated Regions ; Animals ; Cell Cycle Proteins/chemistry/*genetics/physiology ; Cell Line ; Cells, Cultured ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27/biosynthesis/genetics ; Dyskeratosis Congenita/*genetics ; Humans ; Insect Viruses/genetics ; Lymphocytes/metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Nuclear Proteins/chemistry/*genetics/physiology ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Point Mutation ; Polyribosomes/metabolism ; *Protein Biosynthesis ; Proteomics ; Pseudouridine/metabolism ; RNA Viruses/genetics ; RNA, Messenger/*genetics/metabolism ; RNA, Ribosomal/metabolism ; Transfection ; X-Linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein/biosynthesis/genetics ; bcl-X Protein/biosynthesis/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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