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  • 1
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    Rapid infection of oral mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue with simian immunodeficiency virus (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-08-24
    Description: The early events during infection with an immunodeficiency virus were followed by application of pathogenic simian immunodeficiency virus atraumatically to the tonsils of macaques. Analyses by virologic assays and in situ hybridization revealed that the infection started locally in the tonsils, a mucosal-associated lymphoid organ, and quickly spread to other lymphoid tissues. At day 3, there were few infected cells, but then the number increased rapidly, reaching a high plateau between days 4 and 7. The infection was not detected in the dendritic cell-rich squamous epithelium to which the virus was applied; instead, it was primarily in CD4+ tonsillar T cells, close to the specialized antigen-transporting epithelium of the tonsillar crypts. Transport of the virus and immune-activating stimuli across this epithelium would allow mucosal lymphoid tissue to function in the atraumatic transmission of immunodeficiency viruses.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stahl-Hennig, C -- Steinman, R M -- Tenner-Racz, K -- Pope, M -- Stolte, N -- Matz-Rensing, K -- Grobschupff, G -- Raschdorff, B -- Hunsmann, G -- Racz, P -- AI 40874/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI 40877/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI 42129/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Aug 20;285(5431):1261-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉German Primate Center, 37077 Gottingen, Germany.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10455052" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/virology ; Epithelium/virology ; Female ; In Situ Hybridization ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear/virology ; Lymph Nodes/virology ; Lymphoid Tissue/*virology ; Macaca mulatta ; Male ; Mouth Mucosa/*virology ; Palatine Tonsil/*virology ; Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/transmission/*virology ; Simian Immunodeficiency Virus/*physiology ; Viral Load ; Virus Replication
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Sexual transmission and propagation of SIV and HIV in resting and activated CD4+ T cells (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-11-13
    Description: In sexual transmission of simian immunodeficiency virus, and early and later stages of human immunodeficiency virus-type 1 (HIV-1) infection, both viruses were found to replicate predominantly in CD4(+) T cells at the portal of entry and in lymphoid tissues. Infection was propagated not only in activated and proliferating T cells but also, surprisingly, in resting T cells. The infected proliferating cells correspond to the short-lived population that produces the bulk of HIV-1. Most of the HIV-1-infected resting T cells persisted after antiretroviral therapy. Latently and chronically infected cells that may be derived from this population pose challenges to eradicating infection and developing an effective vaccine.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Zhang, Z -- Schuler, T -- Zupancic, M -- Wietgrefe, S -- Staskus, K A -- Reimann, K A -- Reinhart, T A -- Rogan, M -- Cavert, W -- Miller, C J -- Veazey, R S -- Notermans, D -- Little, S -- Danner, S A -- Richman, D D -- Havlir, D -- Wong, J -- Jordan, H L -- Schacker, T W -- Racz, P -- Tenner-Racz, K -- Letvin, N L -- Wolinsky, S -- Haase, A T -- AI 28246/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI 38565/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- RR 00168/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Nov 12;286(5443):1353-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Microbiology, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10558989" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Anti-HIV Agents/therapeutic use ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/cytology/immunology/*virology ; Cell Cycle ; Cervix Uteri/virology ; Epithelial Cells/virology ; Female ; HIV Infections/drug therapy/*transmission/virology ; HIV-1/*physiology ; Lymph Nodes/virology ; *Lymphocyte Activation ; Macaca mulatta ; RNA, Viral/analysis ; Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*transmission/virology ; Simian Immunodeficiency Virus/*physiology ; Time Factors ; Virus Replication
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Control of viremia in simian immunodeficiency virus infection by CD8+ lymphocytes (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-02-05
    Description: Clinical evidence suggests that cellular immunity is involved in controlling human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) replication. An animal model of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected rhesus monkey, was used to show that virus replication is not controlled in monkeys depleted of CD8+ lymphocytes during primary SIV infection. Eliminating CD8+ lymphocytes from monkeys during chronic SIV infection resulted in a rapid and marked increase in viremia that was again suppressed coincident with the reappearance of SIV-specific CD8+ T cells. These results confirm the importance of cell-mediated immunity in controlling HIV-1 infection and support the exploration of vaccination approaches for preventing infection that will elicit these immune responses.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schmitz, J E -- Kuroda, M J -- Santra, S -- Sasseville, V G -- Simon, M A -- Lifton, M A -- Racz, P -- Tenner-Racz, K -- Dalesandro, M -- Scallon, B J -- Ghrayeb, J -- Forman, M A -- Montefiori, D C -- Rieber, E P -- Letvin, N L -- Reimann, K A -- P51 RR000168/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- RR-00168/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- RR-13150/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Feb 5;283(5403):857-60.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Viral Pathogenesis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA. jschmitz@caregroup.harvard.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9933172" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/immunology/virology ; Animals ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology ; Antibodies, Viral/blood ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/*immunology ; Disease Progression ; Gene Products, gag/blood ; Humans ; Lymphocyte Count ; Lymphocyte Depletion ; Macaca mulatta ; Neutralization Tests ; RNA, Viral/blood ; Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/*immunology/*virology ; Simian Immunodeficiency Virus/*immunology/physiology ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/immunology ; Time Factors ; Viral Load ; Viremia/immunology/virology ; Virus Replication
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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