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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (22)
  • Animals  (17)
  • Man/System Technology and Life Support  (17)
  • SPACE VEHICLES  (7)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the determination and ramifications of chaos in many-body systems: A model study of polyethylene (1997)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Macromolecular Theory and Simulations 6 (1997), S. 577-590 
    Details
    ISSN: 1022-1344
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Computational methods for elucidating information related to the dynamical behavior of multidimensional systems are presented and applied in the area of macromolecular dynamics. Results indicate that the dimensionality of chaotic dynamics for a model of polyethylene can only be characterized for a very narrow range of extremely low temperature (0-2 K). These results provide evidence that suggests the dynamics of this system are completely chaotic at temperatures as low as 10 K. The preponderance of increasing density of low frequency floppy vibrational modes in large molecular systems provides a facile mechanism for the onset of global chaos. Ramifications of such global chaos to the accurate modeling and simulation of macromolecular dynamics is discussed.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mats.1997.040060217
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The analysis of the surface chemical structure of biomedical aliphatic polyanhydrides using XPS and ToF-SIMS (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 42 (1991), S. 1597-1605 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The surface chemical structure of a range of aliphatic polyanhydride films has been examined using XPS and ToF-SIMS. The XPS data confirms the purity of the surface, and the experimental surface elemental ratios are in good general agreement with the known stoichiometry of the polyanhydrides. The ToF-SIMS spectra of the polyanhydrides are shown to be significantly different. The SIMS data conforms to a systematic fragmentation, in both negative- and positive-ion SSIMS spectra, occurring throughout the entire series of polyanhydrides examined. Radical cations are observed in the positive-ion spectra. These results are discussed in terms of the general fragmentation patterns observed in the SIMS analysis of polymers. The combined use of ToF-SIMS and XPS is shown, to provide a detailed insight into the interfacial chemical structure of these polyanhydrides.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1991.070420613
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Push-pull extrusion: A new approach for the solid-state deformation illustrated with high density polyethylene (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 26 (1981), S. 1309-1326 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The crystalline state deformation of high density polyethylene has been examined at an extrusion draw ratio of 30 over a range of temperatures and pressures. The experiments involve combined pushing (extrusion) and pulling through a conical die. The pressure dependence of the extrusion rate through conical dies is given by a logarithmic relation and the temperature dependence by an activation energy of ∼95 kcal/mole. An equation established for the total applied force linearly relates the pulling and extrusion pressure components and represents a force balance at the die entrance and exit. Steady-state extrusion, with or without pulling, was feasible in a pressure range beyond which fractures occurred owing to strain rate and shear or tensile failure. Under some circumstances the extrusion rate was increased by ten times. The mechanical properties and mode of deformation were not affected by pull load and fibers with a tensile modulus of 55 GPa were produced at T 〈 110°C.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1981.070260423
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    13C NMR spectroscopic analysis of poly(electrolyte) cement liquids (1979)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 13 (1979), S. 423-435 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: 13C NMR spectroscopy has been applied to the analysis of carboxylic poly-acid cement liquids. Monomer incorporation, composition ratio, sequence statistics, and stereochemical configuration have been considered theoretically, and determined experimentally, from the spectra. Conventionally polymerized poly(acrylic acid) has an approximately random configuration, but other varieties may be synthesized. Two commercial glass-ionomer cement liquids both contain tartaric acid as a chelating additive but the composition of their poly-acids are different. Itaconic acid units, distributed randomly, constitute 21% of the repeating units in one of these polyelectrolytes.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820130307
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Poly(glycolic acid) sutures in canine vascular anastomoses (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 10 (1976), S. 867-877 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Poly(glycolic acid) (Dexon; Davis and Geck Company) canine vascular anastomoses between aorta and synthetic grafts and between severed femoral vessels were compared with comparable anastomoses made with Teflon-coated Dacron (Tevdek; The Deknatel Company) with respect to clinical performance, morphologic characteristics, and tensile strength. While the Dexon anastomoses performed well and were morphologically superior to Tevdek, their tensile strength was significantly lower. Implications of these findings for vascular wound healing are discussed.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820100606
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Sheffield knee prosthesis (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 8 (1974), S. 311-317 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: A new variant of the hinge type knee prosthesis has been developed in Sheffield, England. To date, the results of the early clinical trial in five patients are satisfactory, but it is recognized that the operation is highly speculative and continuation of the trial is being conducted with extreme caution. The main features are as follows.1The hinge is not provided with a mechanical stop to extension, the posterior ligament providing this check.2The contours of the femoral condyles are preseved.3Debris is collected inside the device.4Replacement of worn plastic components can be conducted without dismantling the knee.5There is a built-in resilience which is intended to protect the components and the bone-implant interface.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820080410
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An XPS and SIMS analysis of biodegradable biomedical polyesters (1989)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 14 (1989), S. 115-120 
    Details
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The polymer surface compositions of some polyesters of importance in biomaterial science and advanced drug delivery have been examined by x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and static secondary ion mass spectrometry (SSIMS). The XPS results show good quantitative stoichiometric correlation with the known chemical composition of the polyesters. The SIMS spectra show systematic fragmentation patterns in both positive and negative ion modes for the series of structurally related polymers. Evidence for the presence of radical cation formation in SIMS is presented. Comparison between the SIMS spectra of poly-glycolic acid and poly-lactic acid and the pyrolysis mass spectra of these polymers are made, and conclusions drawn on the different mechanisms of fragmentation. The combined application of SSIMS and XPS is shown to give a highly detailed analysis of these polyesters.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sia.740140304
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interfacial interactions of octadecyltrichlorosilane adsorbed onto aluminium substrates (1991)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 17 (1991), S. 120-121 
    Details
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sia.740170208
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Deposition of cationic yttrium on heterogeneous surfacesPaper presented at ECASIA 93, Catania, Sicily, 4-8 October 1993. (1994)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 21 (1994), S. 460-466 
    Details
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The cathodic deposition of yttrium on iron and steel surfaces is known to improve the bond strength of joints treated in such a manner. This work explores the effect of large and small heterogeneities on the spatial distribution of the deposited species. Two systems are investigated: 98% iron with micrometre-scale inclusions, and a micro-hardness indentation on gold-coated iron. In the former case yttrium is identified (by XPS and SAM) to have been deposited in two concentration regimes: close to the inclusion (the cathodic area) the concentration is higher than elsewhere, and also contains iron produced by back-deposition. At the identation the iron substrate is exposed at the corners to provide the prerequisite anodic site, cathodic deposition of yttrium is then observed both within the identation and on the undamaged gold surface at a lower concentration. The provision of spatially resolved analytical information by SAM, time-of-flight SIMS and imaging XPS enables the interrelationship of microstructural features and extent of cathodic deposition to be readily appreciated.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sia.740210625
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of a range of alkyl-bonded silica HPLC stationary phases: XPS and ToF-SIMS studies (1994)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Surface and Interface Analysis 21 (1994), S. 263-273 
    Details
    ISSN: 0142-2421
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A series of alkyl-bonded silica HPLC stationary phases with a mean particle diameter of 5 μm has been prepared using a variety of dimethylalkylsilyl chlorides (i.e. monofunctional bonding agents) with alkyl chain lengths varying from C1 to C18, including phenyl and cyanopropyl groups. The stationary phases have been characterized using XPS and time-of-flight (ToF)-SIMS. Elemental analyses by XPS have identified trace quantities of iron, sodium and chlorine at the silica/dimethylalkylsilyl chain interface, and aluminium was detected by ToF-SIMS. A comparison of percentage carbon obtained by XPS with bulk carbon-loading analyses suggests that the alkyl chains are bonded to the surface of the porous silica particles. Molecular ions characteristic of the dimethylalkylsilyl groups were identified in the ToF-SIMS data together with ions attributable to these alkylsilyl groups attached to fragments of silica, the latter indicating covalent bonding to the silica surface. In addition, a series of low-mass signals corresponding to alkyl chain fragments and silyl/silica-based ions was observed. The value of high-resolution ToF-SIMS data for ion assignments is well demonstrated. The relative ion intensities of several of these low-mass ions were studied as a function of changing alkyl chain length. In general, as the alkyl chain length increased, the abundance of the silicon-containing fragments decreased, whilst the abundance of the alkyl-based fragments increased, within the ToF-SIMS spectra.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/sia.740210502
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