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  • Organic Chemistry  (25)
  • Physics  (13)
  • Animals  (11)
  • Biochemistry and Biotechnology  (8)
  • Life and Medical Sciences  (6)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enzymatic interesterification of triglyceride with surfactant-coated lipase in organic media (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 45 (1995), S. 27-32 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: esterification ; lipase ; glycerides ; organic solvent ; surfactant ; bioconversion ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Several surfactant-coated enzymes have been prepared by coating lipases of various origins with a nonionic surfactant, glutamic acid dioleylester ribitol (2C18Δ9GE). Enzymatic interesterification of tripalmitin with oleic acid using the surfactant-coated lipase was carried out in organic media. The surfactant-coated lipases could effectively catalyze the interesterification of glycerides better than did the powder lipases. A suitable organic solvent was an aliphatic hydrocarbon such as isooctane. The enzymatic activity for the interesterification strongly depended on the origin of the lipase. The surfactant-coated lipase prepared by Mucor javanicus showed the highest enzymatic activity for the interesterification of glycerides, although its powder lipase did not show enzymatic activity. Selective interesterification of glycerides could be performed by adjusting the concentration ratio of oleic acid to tripalmitin in isooctane. Di-substituted glyceride could be selectively produced when the concentration ratio of carboxylic acid to glycerides was 7. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260450105
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Protein refolding by reversed micelles utilizing solid-liquid extraction technique (1998)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 57 (1998), S. 620-623 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: protein refolding ; reversed micelles ; solid-liquid extraction ; RNase A ; DNA ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This article reports that a reversed micellar solution is useful for refolding proteins directly from a solid source. The solubilization of denatured RNase A, which had been prepared by reprecipitation from the denaturant protein solution, into reversed micelles formulated with sodium di-2-ethylhexyl sulfosuccinate (AOT) has been investigated by a solid-liquid extraction system. This method is an alternative to the ordinary protein extraction in reversed micelles based on the liquid-liquid extraction. The solid-liquid extraction method was found to facilitate the solubilization of denatured proteins more efficiently in the reversed micellar media than the ordinary phase transfer method of liquid extraction. The refolding of denatured RNase A entrapped in reversed micelles was attained by adding a redox reagent (reduced and oxidized glutathion). Enzymatic activity of RNase A was gradually recovered with time in the reversed micelles. The denatured RNase A was completely refolded within 30 h. In addition, the efficiency of protein refolding was enhanced when reversed micelles were applied to denatured RNase A containing a higher protein concentration that, in the case of aqueous media, would lead to protein aggregation. The solid-liquid extraction technique using reversed micelles affords better scale-up advantages in the direct refolding process of insoluble protein aggregates. ©1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biotechnol Bioeng 57: 620-623, 1998.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lipase catalyzed transesterification of 2-substituted 3-hydroxy esters (1998)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chirality 10 (1998), S. 693-698 
    Details
    ISSN: 0899-0042
    Keywords: Pseudomonas cepacia ; lipase PS ; transesterification ; kinetic resolution ; 2-substituted 3-hydroxy ester ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Kinetic resolution of 2-substituted 3-hydroxy esters was examined by lipase PS catalyzed transesterification using vinyl acetate as an acyl donor. Resolution of (±)-syn- and -anti-1a, -1e possessing a small methyl group at the C-3 position was accomplished enantioselectively. The outcome of the resolution seems to be related to the differences in size of the substituents at the stereocenter bearing a secondary hydroxy group. Chirality 10:693-698, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lampteromyces bioluminescence - 1. Identification of riboflavin as the light emitter in the mushroom L. japonicus (1987)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Bioluminescence and Chemiluminescence 1 (1987), S. 181-188 
    Details
    ISSN: 0884-3996
    Keywords: Lampteromyces ; bioluminescence ; riboflavin ; light emitter ; mushroom ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The bioluminescence of the luminous mushroom, Lampteromyces japonicus, was studied by using the mushroom gills and also the luminous mycelia, the latter being cultured from the isolated spores and grown in a potato sucrose medium. The luminescence intensity of the mushroom gills and the cultured mycelia was measured in an aqueous suspension under various conditions. The original intensity was enhanced by exposing the luminous cells to oxygen for several hours or to acids or bases for a short period. This enhancement enabled measurement of their bioluminescence spectra which were identical to the fluorescence spectrum of riboflavin, having a maximum at 524 nm. The green fluorescent substance was extracted with cold water from the mushroom and it was identified as riboflavin by spectroscopic and chromatographic analyses. Riboflavin was concluded to be the light emitter of this mushroom.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bio.1170010306
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Design of surfactants suitable for protein extraction by reversed micelles (1997)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 54 (1997), S. 26-32 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: reversed micelle ; microemulsion ; protein extraction ; surfactant ; bioseparation ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: New surfactants have been synthesized for potential use in reversed micellar protein extraction operations. Preferential solubility of the surfactant in an aliphatic solvent such as hexane, heptane, or isooctane and the formation of reversed micelles accompanied with solubilization of significant quantities of water can be achieved by using strongly hydrophobic, twin alkyl chains as the hydrophobic moiety. Different surfactants having identical water-solubilizing capacities can have significantly different behavior in protein extractions, where extraction efficiency appears to be governed by the nature of the interfacial complex that forms between surfactants and proteins. Bulky surfactant chains provide a steric hindrance to the adsorption of the surfactant to the protein surface, thus inhibiting solvation of the protein/surfactant complex, and hence protein extraction. Under these conditions, a precipitate forms either in the bulk aqueous phase or at the interface. Surfactants that can form a close-packed complex with the protein are excellent protein-solubilizing agents. Dioleyl phosphoric acid (DOLPA) appears to be the best surfactant currently available for protein extraction. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biotechnol Bioeng 54: 26-32, 1997.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Novel preparation method for surfactant-lipase complexes utilizing water in oil emulsions (1997)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 55 (1997), S. 455-460 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: enzyme ; biocatalyst ; lipase ; organic solvent ; emulsion ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A novel preparation method for surfactant-lipase complexes has been developed utilizing water in oil emulsions. In order to optimize the preparation conditions, we have investigated the effects of several operational parameters on the enzymatic activity of the surfactant-lipase complexes in organic media. When a nonionic surfactant was employed under optimal preparation conditions [alkaline pH 8-10, organic/aqueous = 90/10 (v/v), concentration of surfactant, 10 mM[, the surfactant-lipase complex efficiently catalyzed the esterification of benzyl alcohol with lauric acid in organic media. The esterification rate of the surfactant-lipase complex was increased over 16-fold relative to the native powder lipase. Furthermore, the lipase complex showed high storage stability. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biotechnol Bioeng 55: 455-460, 1997.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurement of rate constants for quenching singlet oxygen with a Cypridina luciferin analog (2-methyl-6-[p-methoxyphenyl]-3,7-dihydroimidazo[1,2-a]pyrazin-3-one) and sodium azide (1991)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Bioluminescence and Chemiluminescence 6 (1991), S. 69-72 
    Details
    ISSN: 0884-3996
    Keywords: Singlet oxygen ; Cypridina luciferin analogue ; MCLA ; quenching of singlet oxygen ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The rate constants for [1O2] [MCLA] and [1O2][NaN3] were measured by quenching the near-infrared emission (1Δg→3∑g) in steady state with MCLA and NaN3, respectively. 1O2 was constantly generated by energy transfer to O2 from Ar laser-excited Rose Bengal. The Stern - Volmer plots yielded the second-order rate constants of 2.94 × 109 M-1 S-1 and 3.83 × 108 M-1 S-1 for quenching 1O2 with MCLA and NaN3 in water at pH 5.4, respectively. The 1O2 + MCLA reaction emitted light with maximum at 465 nm at pD 4.5 identical to the O2- + MCLA reaction.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bio.1170060203
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dyakia bioluminescence - 1. Bioluminescence and fluorescence spectra of the land snail, D. striata (1988)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Bioluminescence and Chemiluminescence 2 (1988), S. 73-79 
    Details
    ISSN: 0884-3996
    Keywords: bioluminescence ; fluorescence ; Dyakia striata ; snail ; mollusc ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The luminescent land snail Dyakia striata displayed a bioluminescence spectrum with a maximum wavelength of 515 nm. A green fluorescent substance extracted from the photogenic organ of an adult snail had a similar wavelength maximum but its fluorescence spectrum differed from that of flavin chromophore substances involved in light emission in some other luminescent organisms.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bio.1170020204
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A comment on the previous comment on the lengths of the chain folds involved in polymer single crystals (1966)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 4 (1966), S. 521-522 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1966.160040321
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Substituent effects in the solvolysis of benzyl tosylates (1990)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Physical Organic Chemistry 3 (1990), S. 449-455 
    Details
    ISSN: 0894-3230
    Keywords: Organic Chemistry ; Physical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The substituent effect on the rates of solvolysis of substituted benzyl tosylates in acetic acid was analysed based on the Yukawa-Tsuno LArSR equation. Neither the LArSR nor simple σ+ treatment was capable of providing any linear correlation plot for the full range of substituents. The σ+ plot was not simply bilinear but widely scattered, giving a split pattern of parallel curves with significant gaps. Since any mechanistic transition with substituents should bring about a single continuous curve when plotted against an appropriate substituent constant scale, the split σ+ plot is not in line with an interpretation in terms of a mechanistic transition. On the other hand, the LArSR plots with r = 1·3 coalesced into a single smooth curye including the meta correlation curve. A different resonance demand as high as r = 1·3 is required in order to give a smooth single-curve correlation for the entire substituent range without splitting. For the reactive substituents down to p-halogens, a sufficiently linear plot can be obtained against a set of substituent constants with r = 1·3 which can be referred to the substituent effect correlation for the kc mechanism of this system. An identical r value was likewise assigned for the kc mechanism of the hydrolysis for a more severely restricted range of activating substituents down to the 4-MeS-3-CN group.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/poc.610030706
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