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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Protein A Langmuir-Blodgett Film for Antibody Immobilization and Its Use in Optical Immunosensing (1995)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 67 (1995), S. 1613-1616 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ac00105a021
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of Trace Impurities on High-Cycle Fatigue Damage of Ultrafine Grained Copper Processed by Equal Channel Angular Pressing (2008)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 584-586 (June 2008), p. 809-814 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: In order to study the effect of trace impurities on high-cycle fatigue damage of ultrafinegrained (UFG) copper, fatigue tests were carried out for two samples: oxygen-free copper (OFC,99.99 wt% Cu) and deoxidized low-phosphorous copper (DLP, 99.95 wt% Cu). After the processingby equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) using eight passes, equiaxed grains with an average sizeof 250 nm were formed for both the samples. Fatigue strength of UFG copper was enhanced by theimpurities. The formation behavior of surface damage and the change in surface hardness wasmonitored. A close relationship was observed between the change in hardness and the formationbehavior of surface damage. The physical background of the effect of trace impurities on the fatiguedamage was discussed from the viewpoints of surface damage formation behavior
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/19/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FMSF.584-586.809.pdf
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Contamination of diverse nifH and nifH-like DNA into commercial PCR primers (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 246 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: False-positive results due to DNA contamination in PCR reagents have become a big problem in the amplification of small amounts of DNA. Recently, it was revealed that PCR reagents were contaminated with the nifH (dinitrogenase reductase) gene. We found that the PCR primers supplied by some manufacturers contained nifH gene and nifH-like DNA. This contamination resulted in false-positive results when searching for nifH genes in environmental samples. The sequences of the contaminating DNA appeared to be widely varied in the phylogenetic analysis of nifH. For this reason, great care should be taken when analyzing trace amounts of nucleotides.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.femsle.2005.03.042
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The microwave spectrum of the NCl radical in the electronically excited (a 1Δ) state (1996)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 104 (1996), S. 8865-8870 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The pure rotational spectrum of the 14N35Cl radical in the first electronically excited a 1Δ state was detected by microwave spectroscopy. The NCl radical was produced by a dc-glow discharge of an N2 and Cl2 mixture between 175–210 K. Seven rotational transitions for υ=0 and five for υ=1, showing hyperfine structures due to the nitrogen and chlorine nuclei, were observed in the 162–404 GHz region. The rotational, centrifugal distortion, and hyperfine coupling constants including nuclear spin–rotation coupling constant of the chlorine nucleus were determined accurately by a least-squares analysis of the measured frequencies. The equilibrium structural parameters were derived and discussed. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.471621
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of synthesized surfactants in the separation of rare earth metals by liquid surfactant membranes (1993)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Industrial & engineering chemistry research 32 (1993), S. 1681-1685 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5045
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie00020a021
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tensile Properties and Fatigue Strength of Ultrafine Grained Pure Copper (2007)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 353-358 (Sept. 2007), p. 1649-1652 
    Details
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Oxygen-free copper was processed by equal channel angular pressing with differentnumbers of ECAP process cycles, NP. Tensile strength was increased with an increase in NP, but ittended to saturate after NP = 4. Conversely, elongation was dramatically decreased by first pressing,but it tended to saturate up to NP = 3, followed by slight increasing trend after NP = 4. Fatigue tests ofspecimens processed with NP = 4 and 8 were performed. The change in surface morphologies duringfatigue was monitored successively. In addition to this, the change in surface hardness was measured.Significant decrease in surface hardness due to cyclic stresses was measured. The physical basis offatigue damage of UFG copper was discussed based on the experimental results
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/55/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FKEM.353-358.1649.pdf
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enzymatic interesterification of triglyceride with surfactant-coated lipase in organic media (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 45 (1995), S. 27-32 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: esterification ; lipase ; glycerides ; organic solvent ; surfactant ; bioconversion ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Several surfactant-coated enzymes have been prepared by coating lipases of various origins with a nonionic surfactant, glutamic acid dioleylester ribitol (2C18Δ9GE). Enzymatic interesterification of tripalmitin with oleic acid using the surfactant-coated lipase was carried out in organic media. The surfactant-coated lipases could effectively catalyze the interesterification of glycerides better than did the powder lipases. A suitable organic solvent was an aliphatic hydrocarbon such as isooctane. The enzymatic activity for the interesterification strongly depended on the origin of the lipase. The surfactant-coated lipase prepared by Mucor javanicus showed the highest enzymatic activity for the interesterification of glycerides, although its powder lipase did not show enzymatic activity. Selective interesterification of glycerides could be performed by adjusting the concentration ratio of oleic acid to tripalmitin in isooctane. Di-substituted glyceride could be selectively produced when the concentration ratio of carboxylic acid to glycerides was 7. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260450105
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Protein refolding by reversed micelles utilizing solid-liquid extraction technique (1998)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 57 (1998), S. 620-623 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: protein refolding ; reversed micelles ; solid-liquid extraction ; RNase A ; DNA ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This article reports that a reversed micellar solution is useful for refolding proteins directly from a solid source. The solubilization of denatured RNase A, which had been prepared by reprecipitation from the denaturant protein solution, into reversed micelles formulated with sodium di-2-ethylhexyl sulfosuccinate (AOT) has been investigated by a solid-liquid extraction system. This method is an alternative to the ordinary protein extraction in reversed micelles based on the liquid-liquid extraction. The solid-liquid extraction method was found to facilitate the solubilization of denatured proteins more efficiently in the reversed micellar media than the ordinary phase transfer method of liquid extraction. The refolding of denatured RNase A entrapped in reversed micelles was attained by adding a redox reagent (reduced and oxidized glutathion). Enzymatic activity of RNase A was gradually recovered with time in the reversed micelles. The denatured RNase A was completely refolded within 30 h. In addition, the efficiency of protein refolding was enhanced when reversed micelles were applied to denatured RNase A containing a higher protein concentration that, in the case of aqueous media, would lead to protein aggregation. The solid-liquid extraction technique using reversed micelles affords better scale-up advantages in the direct refolding process of insoluble protein aggregates. ©1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biotechnol Bioeng 57: 620-623, 1998.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Design of surfactants suitable for protein extraction by reversed micelles (1997)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 54 (1997), S. 26-32 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: reversed micelle ; microemulsion ; protein extraction ; surfactant ; bioseparation ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: New surfactants have been synthesized for potential use in reversed micellar protein extraction operations. Preferential solubility of the surfactant in an aliphatic solvent such as hexane, heptane, or isooctane and the formation of reversed micelles accompanied with solubilization of significant quantities of water can be achieved by using strongly hydrophobic, twin alkyl chains as the hydrophobic moiety. Different surfactants having identical water-solubilizing capacities can have significantly different behavior in protein extractions, where extraction efficiency appears to be governed by the nature of the interfacial complex that forms between surfactants and proteins. Bulky surfactant chains provide a steric hindrance to the adsorption of the surfactant to the protein surface, thus inhibiting solvation of the protein/surfactant complex, and hence protein extraction. Under these conditions, a precipitate forms either in the bulk aqueous phase or at the interface. Surfactants that can form a close-packed complex with the protein are excellent protein-solubilizing agents. Dioleyl phosphoric acid (DOLPA) appears to be the best surfactant currently available for protein extraction. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biotechnol Bioeng 54: 26-32, 1997.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Novel preparation method for surfactant-lipase complexes utilizing water in oil emulsions (1997)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 55 (1997), S. 455-460 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: enzyme ; biocatalyst ; lipase ; organic solvent ; emulsion ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A novel preparation method for surfactant-lipase complexes has been developed utilizing water in oil emulsions. In order to optimize the preparation conditions, we have investigated the effects of several operational parameters on the enzymatic activity of the surfactant-lipase complexes in organic media. When a nonionic surfactant was employed under optimal preparation conditions [alkaline pH 8-10, organic/aqueous = 90/10 (v/v), concentration of surfactant, 10 mM[, the surfactant-lipase complex efficiently catalyzed the esterification of benzyl alcohol with lauric acid in organic media. The esterification rate of the surfactant-lipase complex was increased over 16-fold relative to the native powder lipase. Furthermore, the lipase complex showed high storage stability. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biotechnol Bioeng 55: 455-460, 1997.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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