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  • Air Transportation and Safety  (32)
  • Holocene
  • Interspecific hybridization
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In vitro attempts to overcome the cross-incompatibility between Vaccinium corymbosum L. and V. elliottii Chapm. (1985)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 69 (1985), S. 591-596 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Interspecific hybridization ; Embryo rescue ; Ovule culture ; Ovary culture
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Seed was readily obtained from V. corymbosum zygotes using embryo rescue techniques, even when embryos were cultured at proembryonic stages. Best in vitro seed development was obtained when ovules were cultured attached to placental tissues. Successful fruit and seed development in culture occurred only when the fruit was cut longitudinally or when the basal portion of the fruit was removed previous to plating. Addition of various vitamins, amino acids, and growth regulators to the nutrient medium did not increase seed production. Attempts to rescue hybrid embryos from V. croymbosum (tetraploid) x V. elliottii (diploid) crosses by in ovulo and in ovary culture gave a few presumably hybrid seed, but at a rate no greater than when normal crossing procedures are used.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00251109
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interspecific hybridization between common and tepary beans: increased hybrid embryo growth, fertility, and efficiency of hybridization through recurrent and congruity backcrossing (1994)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 88 (1994), S. 324-331 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Phaseolus acutifolius ; Phaseolus vulgaris ; Common and tepary beans ; Interspecific hybridization ; Congruity and recurrent backcrosses ; In-vitro embryo culture ; Gene introgression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Cultivated common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and tepary bean (Phaseolus acutifolius A. Gray) genotypes possessing desirable agronomic traits were hybridized. The F1 hybrids were backcrossed twice with the common bean (i.e., recurrent backcrossing). Also, alternate backcrosses with common and tepary beans (i.e., congruity backcrossing) were carried out. Embryo culture was necessary for all initial interspecific crosses, and its requirement was proportionally lower when the common bean was used as the recurrent parent and as the last parent of congruity backcrosses. Modification of the embryo culture technique was necessary to produce congruity hybrids. Effects of both tepary and common bean genotypes on the success rate of hybridization were observed. Tepary accession G 40001 and common bean cultivar ICA Pijao facilitated interspecies hybridization. Growth of hybrid embryos before rescue, recovery of mature hybrid plants, and the vigor and fertility of F1 hybrids all increased with increased recurrent and congruity backcrosses and intermatings between male-sterile F1 and selected fertile F2 plants of the third and fifth congruity backcrosses. Introgression of tepary genes was verified by means of seed protein electrophoretic analysis and morphological markers. The results suggest that congruity backcrossing can help to gradually reduce or overcome P. vulgaris x P. acutifolius hybridization barriers such as genotype incompatibility, early embryo abortion, hybrid sterility, and lower frequencies of hybridization.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00223640
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Upland vegetation in the north-west Iberian peninsula after the last glaciation: Forest history and deforestation dynamics (1997)
    Springer
    Vegetation history and archaeobotany 6 (1997), S. 215-233 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-6278
    Keywords: Pollen analysis ; Late-glacial ; Holocene ; Iberian peninsula
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Archaeology , Biology
    Notes: Abstract This paper presents the results of pollen analyses from organic sediments of seven cores (299 spectra) in a mountainous area of the north-west Iberian peninsula. The pollen diagrams, supported by seven14C dates, are used to construct a regional pollen sequence covering the main stages of vegetation dynamics, from the last phases of the Late-glacial until the present. During the Late-glacial Interstadial an important development of cryophilous forests (Betula andPinus) was recorded, although various mesophilous and thermophilous tree elements were also present. The Younger Dryas, palynologically clearly defined, is characterized by an important reduction in tree pollen percentages and the expansion of steppe formations (Poaceae andArtemisia). At the beginning of the Holocene, there was an expansion ofQuercus and a spread of other trees, which combined to give a vegetation cover of varied composition but dominated by mixed deciduous forests. Such forest formations prevailed in these mountains until 3000 years ago, when successive deforestation phases are recorded at various times as a result of increased farming activity. The results are compared with data from other mountainous areas in the northern Iberian peninsula and southern France.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01370443
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differences in the vegetation of the North Iberian Peninsula during the last 16,000 years (1998)
    Springer
    Plant ecology 138 (1998), S. 41-62 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5052
    Keywords: Holocene ; Lateglacial ; North Iberian Peninsula ; Pollen analysis ; Vegetation development
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The dynamics of vegetation in the North Iberian Peninsula have been historically established from peaty and lacustrine records obtained in strongly continental mountainous areas. Pollen records located in areas with a more oceanic climate, have allowed a more precise evaluation of the changes and differences in the vegetation development of the various biogeographical areas in the North Iberian Peninsula, during the Late-glacial and Holocene. It was found that: (1) The vegetation of the Cantabrian–Atlantic province in northern Iberian Peninsula responded to climatic changes during the last 16000 years. (2) Tree vegetation declined during the Oldest Dryas, with steppe vegetation in the interior and cryophilous vegetation along the coast. (3) During the time of the Lateglacial Interestadial, lowlands, arboreal vegetation was dominant in the landscape (Pinus, Betula, Quercus, Corylus). (4) During the Younger Dryas the differences between coast and interior are less obvious. (5) During the Holocene oceanic decidious forests of Quercus robur, Corylus avellana, Tilia sp. and Fagus sylvatica were present along the coast. At low altitudes, in the interior, forests of Quercus robur / pyrenaica, enclaves of pine woods and Mediterranean types of forest (Quercus ilex, Olea europea) were present. At higher altitudes Pinus (P. sylvestris and P. uncinata) or mixed forests of Pinus and Betula were dominant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009736432739
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
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    Concepts of Integration for UAS Operations in the NAS (2012)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-27
    Description: One of the major challenges facing the integration of Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) in the National Airspace System (NAS) is the lack of an onboard pilot that can comply with the legal requirement identified in the US Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) that pilots see and avoid other aircraft. UAS will be expected to demonstrate the means to perform the function of see and avoid while preserving the safety level of the airspace and the efficiency of the air traffic system. This paper introduces a Sense and Avoid (SAA) concept for integration of UAS into the NAS that is currently being developed by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and identifies areas that require additional experimental evaluation to further inform various elements of the concept. The concept design rests on interoperability principles that take into account both the Air Traffic Control (ATC) environment as well as existing systems such as the Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance System (TCAS). Specifically, the concept addresses the determination of well clear values that are large enough to avoid issuance of TCAS corrective Resolution Advisories, undue concern by pilots of proximate aircraft and issuance of controller traffic alerts. The concept also addresses appropriate declaration times for projected losses of well clear conditions and maneuvers to regain well clear separation.
    Keywords: Air Transportation and Safety
    Type: NF1676L-13199 , ICAS 2012-28th Congress of the International Council of the Aeronautical Sciences; 23-28 Sept. 2012; Brisbane; Australia
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 6
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    Coordination Logic for Repulsive Resolution Maneuvers (2016)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: This paper presents an algorithm for determining the direction an aircraft should maneuver in the event of a potential conflict with another aircraft. The algorithm is implicitly coordinated, meaning that with perfectly reliable computations and information, it will in- dependently provide directional information that is guaranteed to be coordinated without any additional information exchange or direct communication. The logic is inspired by the logic of TCAS II, the airborne system designed to reduce the risk of mid-air collisions between aircraft. TCAS II provides pilots with only vertical resolution advice, while the proposed algorithm, using a similar logic, provides implicitly coordinated vertical and horizontal directional advice.
    Keywords: Air Transportation and Safety
    Type: NF1676L-22876 , AIAA Aviation 2016; Jun 13, 2016 - Jun 17, 2016; Washington, DC; United States
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 7
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    DAIDALUS: Detect and Avoid Alerting Logic for Unmanned Systems (2015)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: This paper presents DAIDALUS (Detect and Avoid Alerting Logic for Unmanned Systems), a reference implementation of a detect and avoid concept intended to support the integration of Unmanned Aircraft Systems into civil airspace. DAIDALUS consists of self-separation and alerting algorithms that provide situational awareness to UAS remote pilots. These algorithms have been formally specified in a mathematical notation and verified for correctness in an interactive theorem prover. The software implementation has been verified against the formal models and validated against multiple stressing cases jointly developed by the US Air Force Research Laboratory, MIT Lincoln Laboratory, and NASA. The DAIDALUS reference implementation is currently under consideration for inclusion in the appendices to the Minimum Operational Performance Standards for Unmanned Aircraft Systems presently being developed by RTCA Special Committee 228.
    Keywords: Air Transportation and Safety
    Type: NF1676L-20901 , 2015 AIAA/IEEE Digital Avionics Systems Conference; Sep 13, 2015 - Sep 17, 2015; Prague; Czechoslovakia
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 8
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    Human-In-The-Loop Experimental Research for Detect and Avoid (2015)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: This paper describes a Detect and Avoid (DAA) concept for integration of UAS into the NAS developed by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and provides results from recent human-in-the-loop experiments performed to investigate interoperability and acceptability issues associated with these vehicles and operations. The series of experiments was designed to incrementally assess critical elements of the new concept and the enabling technologies that will be required.
    Keywords: Air Transportation and Safety
    Type: NF1676L-20923 , 2015 IEEE/AIAA Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC); Sep 13, 2015 - Sep 17, 2015; Prague; Czechoslovakia
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 9
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    Detect and Avoid Alerting Logic for Unmanned Systems (2015)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: No abstract available
    Keywords: Air Transportation and Safety
    Type: NF1676L-21129 , UAS in the NAS Project Meeting; May 26, 2016; Hampton, VA; United States
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 10
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    Separation Assurance and Scheduling Coordination in the Arrival Environment (2016)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Separation assurance (SA) automation has been proposed as either a ground-based or airborne paradigm. The arrival environment is complex because aircraft are being sequenced and spaced to the arrival fix. This paper examines the effect of the allocation of the SA and scheduling functions on the performance of the system. Two coordination configurations between an SA and an arrival management system are tested using both ground and airborne implementations. All configurations have a conflict detection and resolution (CD&R) system and either an integrated or separated scheduler. Performance metrics are presented for the ground and airborne systems based on arrival traffic headed to Dallas/ Fort Worth International airport. The total delay, time-spacing conformance, and schedule conformance are used to measure efficiency. The goal of the analysis is to use the metrics to identify performance differences between the configurations that are based on different function allocations. A surveillance range limitation of 100 nmi and a time delay for sharing updated trajectory intent of 30 seconds were implemented for the airborne system. Overall, these results indicate that the surveillance range and the sharing of trajectories and aircraft schedules are important factors in determining the efficiency of an airborne arrival management system. These parameters are not relevant to the ground-based system as modeled for this study because it has instantaneous access to all aircraft trajectories and intent. Creating a schedule external to the CD&R and the scheduling conformance system was seen to reduce total delays for the airborne system, and had a minor effect on the ground-based system. The effect of an external scheduler on other metrics was mixed.
    Keywords: Air Transportation and Safety
    Type: ARC-E-DAA-TN28427 , AIAA SciTech 2016; Jan 04, 2016 - Jan 08, 2016; San Diego, CA; United States
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
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