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  • Shrimp  (14)
  • Agarivorans gilvus  (2)
  • 1
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    Epidemiological study on some environmental and management parameters affecting on WSD occurrence in Fenneropenaeus indicus and Penaeus vannamei (2018)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: For the first time white spot disease (WSD) was reported in shrimp farms of khoozestan province, in southwest of IRAN in 2002. Then in 2005 the neighbor province, boushehr, was contaminated. In 2008 WSD outbreak reported in sistan-bloochestan province in southeast of Iran. In 2015 all of southern shrimp farms of country except Hormozgan, the middle southern province, which has remained free of WSD, are being contaminated. White Spot disease suspended shrimp culture in thousands hectares of shrimp farms. Considering that white spot disease has not been observed in Hormozgan province yet, the question is; to what extent environmental and management factors participated in preventing WSD outbreak or cause WSD outbreak. In this study (20102012), the effects of environmental factors and management, stressors that decrease immune system function of shrimp are discussed. In addition, the role of pathogen as the main factor of outbreak is discussed. The goal of this study is to define environmental parameters and management practices associates with outbreak of white spot disease in affected provinces and discover reasons of being Hormozgan province free of this disease. In this study the role of the local environmental factors and management practice stressors in susceptibility to WSD was determine. Both the effects of environmental factors in water of ponds including total ammonia, nitrogen, dissolved oxygen, pH, salinity, transparency, and temperature and management issues related to biosecurity are studied. There were overlaps on physical and chemical parameter values obtained in clear areas with contaminated areas .Results of the data analysis suggest that lack of association with WSD incidence was 7 times greater than WSD incidence despite of disease outbreak in sistan-bloochestan province, so other sources of white spot disease virus incidence was suspected in affected areas. Histopathological examinations and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests during project performance did not reveal white spot disease virus evidences in post larvae examined from khoozestan province stocked in farms but disease outbreak was happened in that farms , so we suspected to management practice include feed , pond preparation and carrier of disease . Recorded values of temperature and salinity in some months during inspection in Hormozgan province specified stressful condition that may lead to WSD outbreak, however the disease did not appear. Therefore the hypothesis that the water physical and chemical conditions are reasons to prevent disease outbreak in Hormozgan province is being rejected. The policy of Hormozgan’s fishery authorities, to replaced Fenneropenaeus indicus with specific pathogen free Litopenaeus vannamei, that is more resistant to some of diseases, before incidence of WSD in farms and to before being endemic in the Hormozgan province, made an advantage compare to affected southern provinces that introduced Litopenaeus vannamei after WSD prevalence to their farms. However it does not guarantee to maintain current trend of being Hormozgan province farms free of white spot disease. Therefore establishing the principals of biosecurity are strongly emphasized. Strategies taken by the proficient authorities in preparation of SPF shrimp broodstock can be the most important factor in preventing WSD. Regarding biosecurity principals purchased feed must be free of shrimp head powder. Construction the new shrimp farms should be as far as it could be away from contaminated areas.
    Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Environmental ; Physical ; Chemical ; Epidemiological study ; WSD ; Fenneropenaeus indicus ; Penaeus vannamei ; Shrimp ; White Spot Disease ; Temperature ; Salinity ; PCR ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Ammonia ; Nitrogen ; Dissolved oxygen ; pH ; Transparency
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report , Refereed
    Format: 468pp.
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  • 2
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    Molecular identification of bacterial and fungal pathogens in certain disease-free shrimp (2018)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: At present, the aquaculture industry to provide proper instructions in the field of health management, including production of Specific Pathogen Free shrimp (SPF), require sensitive and reliable methods for the detection and identification of pathogenic microorganisms. Molecular methods which used in the detection of microorganisms have a high discriminatory power in the taxonomy and in relation to libraries in the world. On the other hand, the accurate identification of microorganisms, providing the genetic data bank of shrimp pathogens and maintenance of these strains is the step to promote further research on the mechanisms of pathogenesis of pathogens, diagnosis, treatment, prevention of disease, identify indigenous production kits, diagnosis re emerging and emerging diseases and their origin. Therefore, in this project, by using ribotyping technique, native isolated pathogenic bacteria and fungi were identified and recorded in the gene bank database center. During sampling of shrimp and water of Specific Pathogen Free shrimp center, 40 bacterial strains were isolated, which 8 of them had the most frequency and identification based on 16S rDNA sequencing was performed. Bacteria identified are: Vibrio nigripulchritudo strain IS013(GenBank:KP843725), Vibrio brasiliensis strain IS014 (GenBank:KR186076), Vibrio rotiferianus strain IS015 (GenBank:KR186077), Vibrio azureus strain IS012 (GenBank:KJ018724.1), Vibrio owensii strain IS016 (GenBank:KR186078), Agarivorans gilvus strain IS017 (GenBank:KR186079), Vibrio brasiliensis IS018 (GenBank:KR186080) and Vibrio alginolyticus strain IS019 (GenBank:1817854), which were recorded in The World Bank genes. In this study fungal isolates were not detected.
    Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Bacteria ; Fungi ; Ribotyping ; 16S rDNA ; Shrimp ; Specific pathogen free ; Vibrio rotiferianus ; Vibrio owensii ; Vibrio brasiliensis ; Vibrio azureus ; Agarivorans gilvus ; Vibrio alginolyticus ; GenBank
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report , Refereed
    Format: 64pp.
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  • 3
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    Survey on White Spot Virus infection in wild shrimps and crabs in Bushehr province costal waters (2018)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: After severe mortality due to white spot disease incidence in cultured shrimps of Helleh grows out farms, disease spread to Delvar,Mond, Boeyrat and Bandar Rig sites in Bushehr province during 2005. Many crustaceans keep this virus in the body, act as a carrier, and can spread of the infection. In order to investigate status of contamination of wild shrimp and crab's population to white spot virus in Bushehr province waters (north of Persian Gulf), samples were collected and tested by Nested PCR for detection of WSV from estuaries and input and output channels water around the Helleh, Shif and Mond sites during 2007 and 2008. Total tested shrimps were 401 peaces, includes green tiger shrimp (Penaeus semisulcatus) 220 pieces, white shrimp (Metapenaeus affinis) 181 pieces, also total tested crabs were 292 pieces includes Ocypode rotundata 68 pieces and Portunus pelagicus 224 pieces. All the samples showed negative results of WSV contamination. However, it can never be sure that the population is free from WSV unless we collect a random sample of 300 pieces from each species and test them individually for WSV. Therefore, we will be confident up to 95% that the wild sources in that area have no prevalence of 1% or upper WSV contamination.
    Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Description: Published
    Keywords: White spot disease ; WSV ; Shrimp ; Crab ; Nested PCR ; Survey ; Coastal waters
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report , Refereed
    Format: 55pp.
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  • 4
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    Investigation on Effects of ergosan^TM and vibromax^TM in control of White spot disease (WSD) and Vibriosis in shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (2018)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Complementary feedstuff extract from Laminaria digitata and Ascophylum nodosum that containing 1% alginic acids as shrimps stimulating of immune system for control of WSSV is used in this study. The test shrimps Litopenaeus vannamei in larvae stage (Z1-PL1), post larvae stage (PL1-PL10) and juvenile (from 30th day to 40th day) fed by complimentary feedstuff comprised control group. The other condition in test and control group was the same manner. Both groups after 40 days exposed to WSSV by oral inoculation. The clinical sign and mortality recorded for 10 days. The results showed the survival rate of exposed group was higher than the control group and it was significant (p〈0/05). The result also show the mortality observed in exposed group 48 hours later than the control group. This study can led us to new methods for control of White spot disease.
    Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Clinical ; See weed ; Laminaria digitata ; Aschophylum nodossum ; Litopenaeus vannamei ; Control ; White spot disease ; Alginic acid ; Shrimp ; Larvae ; Juvenile ; Mortality
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report , Refereed
    Format: 32pp.
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  • 5
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    Investigation on possibility of survival and growth enhancing by selected seaweeds from Persian Gulf in post larvae shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (2018)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: The use of antibiotics in aquaculture has been limited. Scientifics seeking for natural substitutes to prevent of aquatic animals diseases. Considering seaweeds are rich of nutritions and bioactive compounds, the propose of this study is: investigation the potential and use possibility of native seaweeds from Persian Gulf in shrimp aquculture industry to improve growth, survival of postlarvae and to resistance against pathogens such as vibriosis. For this propose 7 macroalgaes species from Bushehr province coast, inclouding: green algae (C.iyengarii), brown algae (S.angutifolium and S.ilicifolium) and red algae (L.snyderiae, K.alvarezii and G.corticata) were collected and identified. Then seaweed extracts abtained by Water, Ethanol, Methanol and Chloroform solvents by soaking method. In vitro antibacterial activity of extracts against Gr+ bacteria (S.aureus and B.subtilis) and Gr- bacteria (V.harveyi,V.alginolyticus and E.coli) was conducted by Agar diffusion, MIC and MBC methods. Antioxidant activity also by DPPH and EC50 methods was investigated. According to results of these two tests four seaweeds species (S.angutifolium, L.snyderiae, K.alvarezii and G.corticata) were selected for use in shrimp postlarvae (PL22) diets by Bio-Encapsulation (Artemia enrichment). Before of enrichment, toxicity effect of extracts to Artemia naplii were evaluated by determination of LC50 24 h method. From results of this section Ethanol extracts were selected to bioencapsulation. After encapsulation shrimp postlarvae divided to 12 groups in triplicate, namely: C-, C+, S (200), S (400), S (600), L(200), L(400), L(600), G(300), G(600), K(300) and K(600). During 30 days of reared period C- and C+ use of basal diet and unenriched Artemia, but the other groups use of basal diet and enriched Artemia. Except C-, the shrimps in first day of culture put in 107 cfu/ml v.harveyi suspension for 30 minutes, and after water exchange 10 ml of this dose was added to reared aquaria. After 30 days survival percentage, obtained weight and SGR% were investigated. To evaluate vibrio loadind, every 10 days 5 postlarvae were sampled randomly for vibrio count. Results showed that vibrio count in C- was less than the others and in C+ was more than the others. In treatments vibrio count in L(200) was the most and L(600) was the less. Survival rate in C- was the most and after that G(600) with 79.4±6.6% and then S(300) and K(600) were 73.3±7.3% and 70.6±6.6% respectively that were significantly compare the other (P 〈 0.01). Also the C+ was the less with 33.3±6.6% that difference was significant (P〈 0.01). In this study growth parameters of all groups that fed by enriched Artemia were better than C+ (P〈0.05). After cultre period 10 shrimp of every aquarium disinfected and reared for 10 days like before treatment. After 10 days the shrimps were challenged by 3×108 cfu/ml V.harveyi and mortality was recorded for 7 days. The all of animals in C- were survive but more than 90% of C+ were dead. And survival in all of treatments were better the C+ (P〈0.05). the study showed the ethanol extracts of selsected seaweed from Persian Gulf is a good source for growth, Survival and disease control in shrimp larviculture.
    Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Survival ; Growth ; Seaweeds ; Post larvae ; Shrimp ; Litopenaeus vannamei ; Antibiotics ; Aquaculture ; Diseases ; Nutrition ; Macroalgae ; C.iyengarii ; S.angutifolium ; S.ilicifolium ; S.aureus ; B.subtilis ; Artemia ; Larviculture ; Nauplii
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report , Refereed
    Format: 98pp.
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  • 6
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    Role of aflatoxin B1 on hematological factors, histopathological changes, tissue residual, growth and survival rate of Fenneropenaeus indicus (2018)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Role of aflatoxin B1 on hematological indexes, histopathological changes, tissue residual, growth and survival rate of Fenneropenaeus indicus Some similar cases of aflatoxin chronic poisoning were reported from cultured shrimps in Iran. In this study, Indian white shrimp, Fenneropenaeus indicus, with a weight of 11.79 ± 1.76 grams were fed with diets containing 0, 20, 50, 100, 200, 400, 800 and 1600 ppb levels of AFB1 for 8 weeks. Growth performances, survival rate, residue in muscles and cephalothorax, hematological and histopathological changes were determined after 4 and 8 weeks. The results showed that after 8 week of feeding shrimps with values of 20, 50 and 100 ppb aflatoxin B1, did not affect the growth rate, but with increased levels of Aflatoxin B1 in feed, the growth is reduced and the correlation (r) minus the final weight equal to - 0.312. After eight weeks doses of AFB1 in the diets showed negative correlation to the survival rate, total haemocyte count (THC), total plasma protein (TPP) equal to -0.603, -0.237 and -0.649 respectively. Histopathological changes were variety necrosis, degeneration and atrophy of epithelial and secretory cells lining the tubules, infiltration of fibroblasts in the walls of hepatopancreas tubules, separated muscle bundles in Muscle tissues and intestinal mucosal necrosis and detachment. Possible amelioration was examined by feeding control and treated shrimp (after eight weeks exposure to AFB1) by dietary without AFB1 for four weeks. The Recovery was observed in all parameters of 20, 50, 100 and 200 ppb AFB1 treatments but shrimps fed with the 1600 ppb and 800 ppb concentrations of AFB1 exhibited slower growth, more reddish discoloration disseminated over the body and lack of consistency in the hepatopancreas at 4th week recovery period. After eight weeks, the highest level of aflatoxin B1 residues in shrimp muscles was observed in 100 ppb treatment that its value was 1.55 ppb, but the highest level of aflatoxin B1 residues in cephalothorax was observed in 1600 ppb treatment that its value was 7.1 ppb. In terms of public health, these amounts of aflatoxin in shrimp body are less than permissible limit for human consumption.
    Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Histopathological ; Fungus ; Mycotoxin ; Shrimp ; Fenneropenaeus indicus ; Tissue ; Survival
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report , Refereed
    Format: 88pp.
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  • 7
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    Monitoring and identification of viral pathogens in SPF(Specific Pathogen Free) shrimp production project (2018)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Shrimp aquaculture has developed rapidly in 1980s decade and this development caused to increase ahrimp diseases in farms. In the last 0f 1980s and first of 1990s find of health shrimp Postlarvae for stocking was hard. In Iran also after two decades diseases are the main problems, then a national project (Shrimp SPF production)was performed that this section was monitoring and identification of viral pathogens in that project. For this propose selected shrimps in farms was sampled and screened for main viruses (OIE list), shrimps without infection bring to quarantine system for one month and in the end of quarantine period were screened again. Then in winter spending, before and after spowning, it’s offspring in F1 and F2 also screened for viral pathogens by IQ2000 kit in Iranian veterinary organization lab. Moreover all shrimp feeds in clouding: fresh feed, live feed and pellet feed had been screened for OIE viral pathogens listed for three years. Results of viruses screening in shrimp sampled in all stages of project and feed that use in this project were negative. This project (SPF shrimp production in IRAN) performed successfully, we think this success relate to biosecurity system that were influence in this project.
    Description: Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Shrimp ; SPF ; Aquaculture ; Specific pathogen free ; Monitoring ; Identification
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Report , Refereed
    Format: 68pp.
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  • 8
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    Epidemiological study on some environmental and management parameters affecting on WSD occurrence in Fenneropenaeus indicus and Penaeus vannamei (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25652 | 18721 | 2018-10-08 08:43:54 | 25652 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: For the first time white spot disease (WSD) was reported in shrimp farms of khoozestan province, in southwest of IRAN in 2002. Then in 2005 the neighbor province, boushehr, was contaminated. In 2008 WSD outbreak reported in sistan-bloochestan province in southeast of Iran. In 2015 all of southern shrimp farms of country except Hormozgan, the middle southern province, which has remained free of WSD, are being contaminated. White Spot disease suspended shrimp culture in thousands hectares of shrimp farms. Considering that white spot disease has not been observed in Hormozgan province yet, the question is; to what extent environmental and management factors participated in preventing WSD outbreak or cause WSD outbreak. In this study (20102012), the effects of environmental factors and management, stressors that decrease immune system function of shrimp are discussed. In addition, the role of pathogen as the main factor of outbreak is discussed. The goal of this study is to define environmental parameters and management practices associates with outbreak of white spot disease in affected provinces and discover reasons of being Hormozgan province free of this disease. In this study the role of the local environmental factors and management practice stressors in susceptibility to WSD was determine. Both the effects of environmental factors in water of ponds including total ammonia, nitrogen, dissolved oxygen, pH, salinity, transparency, and temperature and management issues related to biosecurity are studied. There were overlaps on physical and chemical parameter values obtained in clear areas with contaminated areas .Results of the data analysis suggest that lack of association with WSD incidence was 7 times greater than WSD incidence despite of disease outbreak in sistan-bloochestan province, so other sources of white spot disease virus incidence was suspected in affected areas. Histopathological examinations and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests during project performance did not reveal white spot disease virus evidences in post larvae examined from khoozestan province stocked in farms but disease outbreak was happened in that farms , so we suspected to management practice include feed , pond preparation and carrier of disease. Recorded values of temperature and salinity in some months during inspection in Hormozgan province specified stressful condition that may lead to WSD outbreak, however the disease did not appear. Therefore the hypothesis that the water physical and chemical conditions are reasons to prevent disease outbreak in Hormozgan province is being rejected. The policy of Hormozgan’s fishery authorities, to replaced Fenneropenaeus indicus with specific pathogen free Litopenaeus vannamei, that is more resistant to some of diseases, before incidence of WSD in farms and to before being endemic in the Hormozgan province, made an advantage compare to affected southern provinces that introduced Litopenaeus vannamei after WSD prevalence to their farms. However it does not guarantee to maintain current trend of being Hormozgan province farms free of white spot disease. Therefore establishing the principals of biosecurity are strongly emphasized. Strategies taken by the proficient authorities in preparation of SPF shrimp broodstock can be the most important factor in preventing WSD. Regarding biosecurity principals purchased feed must be free of shrimp head powder. Construction the new shrimp farms should be as far as it could be away from contaminated areas.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Ecology ; Health ; Iran ; Khouzestan Province ; Boushehr province ; Sistan and Balochestan province ; Hormozgan Province ; Epidemiological study ; WSD ; Fenneropenaeus indicus ; Penaeus vannamei ; Shrimp ; White Spot Disease ; Temperature ; Salinity ; PCR ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Ammonia ; Nitrogen ; Dissolved oxygen ; pH ; Transparency
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 468
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  • 9
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    Investigation on possibility of survival and growth enhancing by selected seaweeds from Persian Gulf in post larvae shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25656 | 18721 | 2018-10-08 08:54:33 | 25656 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: The use of antibiotics in aquaculture has been limited. Scientifics seeking for natural substitutes to prevent of aquatic animals diseases. Considering seaweeds are rich of nutritions and bioactive compounds, the propose of this study is: investigation the potential and use possibility of native seaweeds from Persian Gulf in shrimp aquculture industry to improve growth, survival of postlarvae and to resistance against pathogens such as vibriosis. For this propose 7 macroalgaes species from Bushehr province coast, inclouding: green algae (C.iyengarii), brown algae (S.angutifolium and S.ilicifolium) and red algae (L.snyderiae, K.alvarezii and G.corticata) were collected and identified. Then seaweed extracts abtained by Water, Ethanol, Methanol and Chloroform solvents by soaking method. In vitro antibacterial activity of extracts against Gr^+ bacteria (S.aureus and B.subtilis) and Gr- bacteria (V.harveyi,V.alginolyticus and E.coli) was conducted by Agar diffusion, MIC and MBC methods. Antioxidant activity also by DPPH and EC_50 methods was investigated. According to results of these two tests four seaweeds species (S.angutifolium, L.snyderiae, K.alvarezii and G.corticata) were selected for use in shrimp postlarvae (PL22) diets by Bio-Encapsulation (Artemia enrichment). Before of enrichment, toxicity effect of extracts to Artemia naplii were evaluated by determination of LC_50 24 h method. From results of this section Ethanol extracts were selected to bioencapsulation. After encapsulation shrimp postlarvae divided to 12 groups in triplicate, namely: C^-, C^+, S (200), S (400), S (600), L(200), L(400), L(600), G(300), G(600), K(300) and K(600). During 30 days of reared period C- and C+ use of basal diet and unenriched Artemia, but the other groups use of basal diet and enriched Artemia. Except C-, the shrimps in first day of culture put in 107 cfu/ml v.harveyi suspension for 30 minutes, and after water exchange 10 ml of this dose was added to reared aquaria. After 30 days survival percentage, obtained weight and SGR% were investigated. To evaluate vibrio loadind, every 10 days 5 postlarvae were sampled randomly for vibrio count. Results showed that vibrio count in C^- was less than the others and in C^+ was more than the others. In treatments vibrio count in L(200) was the most and L(600) was the less. Survival rate in C^- was the most and after that G(600) with 79.4±6.6% and then S(300) and K(600) were 73.3±7.3% and 70.6±6.6% respectively that were significantly compare the other (P 〈 0.01). Also the C+ was the less with 33.3±6.6% that difference was significant (P〈 0.01). In this study growth parameters of all groups that fed by enriched Artemia were better than C^+ (P〈0.05). After cultre period 10 shrimp of every aquarium disinfected and reared for 10 days like before treatment. After 10 days the shrimps were challenged by 3×108 cfu/ml V.harveyi and mortality was recorded for 7 days. The all of animals in C^- were survive but more than 90% of C^+ were dead. And survival in all of treatments were better the C^+ (P〈0.05). the study showed the ethanol extracts of selsected seaweed from Persian Gulf is a good source for growth, Survival and disease control in shrimp larviculture.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Survival ; Growth ; Seaweeds ; Post larvae ; Shrimp ; Litopenaeus vannamei ; Antibiotics ; Aquaculture ; Diseases ; Nutrition ; Macroalgae ; C.iyengarii ; S.angutifolium ; S.ilicifolium ; S.aureus ; B.subtilis ; Artemia ; Larviculture ; Nauplii
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 98
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  • 10
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    Investigation on effects of ergosan^TM and vibromax^TM in control of white spot disease (WSD) and Vibriosis in shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25197 | 18721 | 2018-09-03 17:32:45 | 25197 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Complementary feedstuff extract from Laminaria digitata and Ascophylum nodosum that containing 1% alginic acids as shrimps stimulating of immune system for control of WSSV is used in this study. The test shrimps Litopenaeus vannamei in larvae stage (Z1-PL1), post larvae stage (PL1-PL10) and juvenile (from 30th day to 40th day) fed by complimentary feedstuff comprised control group. The other condition in test and control group was the same manner. Both groups after 40 days exposed to WSSV by oral inoculation. The clinical sign and mortality recorded for 10 days. The results showed the survival rate of exposed group was higher than the control group and it was significant (p〈0/05). The result also show the mortality observed in exposed group 48 hours later than the control group. This study can led us to new methods for control of White spot disease.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; See weed ; Laminaria digitata ; Aschophylum nodossum ; Litopenaeus vannamei ; Control ; White spot disease ; Alginic acid ; Shrimp ; Larvae ; Juvenile ; Mortality
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 32
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