Publication Date:
2010-05-28
Description:
Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, with non-small-cell lung carcinomas in smokers being the predominant form of the disease. Although previous studies have identified important common somatic mutations in lung cancers, they have primarily focused on a limited set of genes and have thus provided a constrained view of the mutational spectrum. Recent cancer sequencing efforts have used next-generation sequencing technologies to provide a genome-wide view of mutations in leukaemia, breast cancer and cancer cell lines. Here we present the complete sequences of a primary lung tumour (60x coverage) and adjacent normal tissue (46x). Comparing the two genomes, we identify a wide variety of somatic variations, including 〉50,000 high-confidence single nucleotide variants. We validated 530 somatic single nucleotide variants in this tumour, including one in the KRAS proto-oncogene and 391 others in coding regions, as well as 43 large-scale structural variations. These constitute a large set of new somatic mutations and yield an estimated 17.7 per megabase genome-wide somatic mutation rate. Notably, we observe a distinct pattern of selection against mutations within expressed genes compared to non-expressed genes and in promoter regions up to 5 kilobases upstream of all protein-coding genes. Furthermore, we observe a higher rate of amino acid-changing mutations in kinase genes. We present a comprehensive view of somatic alterations in a single lung tumour, and provide the first evidence, to our knowledge, of distinct selective pressures present within the tumour environment.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lee, William -- Jiang, Zhaoshi -- Liu, Jinfeng -- Haverty, Peter M -- Guan, Yinghui -- Stinson, Jeremy -- Yue, Peng -- Zhang, Yan -- Pant, Krishna P -- Bhatt, Deepali -- Ha, Connie -- Johnson, Stephanie -- Kennemer, Michael I -- Mohan, Sankar -- Nazarenko, Igor -- Watanabe, Colin -- Sparks, Andrew B -- Shames, David S -- Gentleman, Robert -- de Sauvage, Frederic J -- Stern, Howard -- Pandita, Ajay -- Ballinger, Dennis G -- Drmanac, Radoje -- Modrusan, Zora -- Seshagiri, Somasekar -- Zhang, Zemin -- England -- Nature. 2010 May 27;465(7297):473-7. doi: 10.1038/nature09004.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California 94080, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20505728" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
Keywords:
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/*genetics
;
DNA Mutational Analysis
;
Genome, Human/*genetics
;
Humans
;
Lung Neoplasms/*genetics
;
Male
;
Middle Aged
;
Models, Biological
;
Point Mutation/*genetics
;
Selection, Genetic/genetics
Print ISSN:
0028-0836
Electronic ISSN:
1476-4687
Topics:
Biology
,
Chemistry and Pharmacology
,
Medicine
,
Natural Sciences in General
,
Physics
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