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  • METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY  (5)
  • Polymer and Materials Science  (5)
  • 02. Cryosphere::02.02. Glaciers::02.02.04. Ice  (2)
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  • 1
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    Refined broad-scale sub-glacial morphology of Aurora Subglacial Basin, East Antarctica derived by an ice-dynamics-based interpolation scheme (2012)
    Copernicus Gesellschaft GMBH
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-17
    Description: Ice thickness data over much of East Antarctica are sparse and irregularly distributed. This poses difficulties for reconstructing the homogeneous coverage needed to properly assess underlying sub-glacial morphology and fundamental geometric constraints on sea level rise. Here we introduce a new physically-based ice thickness interpolation scheme and apply this to existing ice thickness data in the Aurora Subglacial Basin region. The skill and robustness of the new reconstruction is demonstrated by comparison with new data from the ICECAP project. The interpolated morphology shows an extensive marine-based ice sheet, with considerably more area below sea-level than shown by prior studies. It also shows deep features connecting the coastal grounding zone with the deepest regions in the interior. This has implications for ice sheet response to a warming ocean and underscores the importance of obtaining additional high resolution data in these marginal zones for modelling ice sheet evolution.
    Description: Published
    Description: 551-560
    Description: 3.8. Geofisica per l'ambiente
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: Ice ; Cryosphere ; RES systems ; Ice thickness ; 02. Cryosphere::02.02. Glaciers::02.02.04. Ice
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 2
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    Bedmap2: improved ice bed, surface and thickness datasets for Antarctica (2013)
    Copernicus Gesellschaft GMBH
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-17
    Description: We present Bedmap2, a new suite of gridded products describing surface elevation, ice-thickness and the seafloor and subglacial bed elevation of the Antarctic south of 60 S. We derived these products using data from a variety of sources, including many substantial surveys completed since the original Bedmap compilation (Bedmap1) in 2001. In particular, the Bedmap2 ice thickness grid is made from 25 million measurements, over two orders of magnitude more than were used in Bedmap1. In most parts of Antarctica the subglacial landscape is visible in much greater detail than was previously available and the improved datacoverage has in many areas revealed the full scale of mountain ranges, valleys, basins and troughs, only fragments of which were previously indicated in local surveys. The derived statistics for Bedmap2 show that the volume of ice contained in the Antarctic ice sheet (27 million km3) and its potential contribution to sea-level rise (58 m) are similar to those of Bedmap1, but the mean thickness of the ice sheet is 4.6% greater, the mean depth of the bed beneath the grounded ice sheet is 72m lower and the area of ice sheet grounded on bed below sea level is increased by 10 %. The Bedmap2 compilation highlights several areas beneath the ice sheet where the bed elevation is substantially lower than the deepest bed indicated by Bedmap1. These products, along with grids of data coverage and uncertainty, provide new opportunities for detailed modelling of the past and future evolution of the Antarctic ice sheets.
    Description: Published
    Description: 375–393
    Description: 1.8. Osservazioni di geofisica ambientale
    Description: 3.8. Geofisica per l'ambiente
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: Antarctic bedrock topography ; Antarctic mass balance ; 01. Atmosphere::01.01. Atmosphere::01.01.02. Climate ; 02. Cryosphere::02.02. Glaciers::02.02.04. Ice ; 02. Cryosphere::02.02. Glaciers::02.02.05. Ice dynamics ; 02. Cryosphere::02.02. Glaciers::02.02.06. Mass balance
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Density, crystallinity, and heptane insolubility in isotactic polypropylenePresented in part at the Eleventh Annual Meeting-in-Miniature of the American Chemical Society, Seton Hall University, South Orange, N. J., January 26, 1959. (1959)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 2 (1959), S. 166-173 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Measurements of the density of a large number of experimental isotactic polypropylenes have shown that the specific volume is linearly related to per cent crystallinity as determined from x-ray data. The density is also linearly related to the absorbance of certain absorption bands in the infrared spectrum of isotactic polypropylene. The infrared data allow a determination of the density of the amorphous polymer which is in good agreement with literature values and with a value determined from the x-ray data by extrapolation to zero crystallinity. It is found that there is a rough, approximately linear correlation between crystallinity (by density) of unextracted polypropylene and the per cent insoluble residue remaining after extraction with boiling n-heptane or after successive extraction with other solvents and heptane. In all instances, the amount of residue exceeds the crystalline content. The crystallinity-insolubility relationship is influenced by molecular weight (as judged by intrinsic viscosity). An increase in crystallinity at constant [η] corresponds to an increase in insolubility; at constant crystallinity, a larger [η] corresponds to greater insolubility. In terms of density, the unextracted polymer may not be regarded as simply a mixture of two well-defined components, since the density of insoluble residue increases with the density of the whole polymer.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1959.070020506
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The response of cancellous and cortical canine bone to hydroxylapatite-coated and uncoated titanium rods (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Biomaterials 6 (1995), S. 237-242 
    Details
    ISSN: 1045-4861
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Because of the recent trend in total hip arthroplasty to achieve direct contact of the endoprosthesis with cortical bone, comparison of bone apposition from cortical bone and cancellous bone was performed. The response of cortical and cancellous bone to hydroxylapatite was also compared. Implants in cortical bone demonstrated a higher interface shear strength and more bone apposition than those in cancellous bone over all time periods tested. Hydroxylapatite coating increased the interfacial shear and bone apposition in cortical bone at all time periods and in both the 3- and 6-week cancellous bone models. The potential effect of stress shielding (and subsequent bone resorption) by femoral stems ingrown with cortical bone is discussed. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jab.770060404
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Load transfer through a hydroxyapatite-coated canine hip implant (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Biomaterials 5 (1994), S. 293-306 
    Details
    ISSN: 1045-4861
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Strain transfer near hydroxyapatite (HA) coated canine hip implants was examined using simulated anatomical loading based on in vivo strain measurements. Strain changes near implants relative to intact control values were in excess of 100% for transverse and principal strains for zero time period (immediate postimplant) specimens. They were generally smaller (100% or less) for axial, transverse, and principal minimums in the same locations for 4 months postimplantation specimens.Cortical bone loss occurred in all implanted femora. The most extensive loss, up to 47%, occurred adjacent to the proximal section of the implant. Extensive trabecular bone formation, over 300% in some regions of each femur, was noted in all implanted femora.Backscattered electron imaging along the HA-coated sections of the implants showed extensive bone bonded to the coating. Normal light and UV light micrographs showed direct bone apposition to the implant surfaces and extensive bone formation in all test animals. Microscopy revealed no evidence of any soft tissue layer between the implant and bone. Bone was typically found in direct contact with the implant surface.Histomorphometry indicated that bone formation rates in the implanted femora were elevated, up to 850%, relative to controls. Fewer formation sites were noted on the posterior and lateral (in two cases zero sites). Mineral apposition rates (MAR) from two of the dogs were slightly elevated (from 110-113%) in the implanted femora relative to controls and depressed (to about 83% of controls) in a third. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jab.770050404
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hydrocarbon-soluble alkylaniline/formaldehyde oligomers as corrosion inhibitorsPresented at the Second Euro-American Conference on Functional Polymers and Biopolymers, Oxford, United Kingdom, September 1989. (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 42 (1991), S. 2435-2441 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Hydrocarbon-soluble oligomers were prepared by the acid-catalyzed condensation of alkylanilines with formaldehyde. Highest molecular weight oligomers (MW ∼ 6000) were obtained from alkylanilines prepared by the Friedel-Crafts alkylation of aniline with α-olefins. By NMR, it was shown that the oligomers contain structures corresponding to methylene-linked aromatic rings and methylene linked to both an aromatic ring and a nitrogen atom. The oligomers exhibit very good initial inhibition of metal corrosion in aqueous environment; and the inhibition is more persistent than that observed with monomeric analogs.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1991.070420909
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Graft polymerization kinetics of acrylamide initiated by ceric nitrate-dextran redox systems (1966)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-1: Polymer Chemistry 4 (1966), S. 1179-1190 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-296X
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The kinetics of the graft polymerization of acrylamide initiated by ceric nitrate - dextran polymeric redox systems was studied primarily at 25°C. Following an initial period of relatively fast reaction, the rate of polymerization is first-order with respect to the concentrations of monomer and dextran and independent of the ceric ion concentration. The equilibrium constant for ceric ion - dextran complexation K is 3.0 ± 1.6 l./mole, the specific rate of dissociation of the complex, kd, is 3.0 ± 1.2 × 10-4 sec.-1, and the ratio of polymerization rate constants, kp/kt, is 0.44 ± 0.15. The number-average degree of polymerization is directly proportional to the ratio of the initial concentrations of monomer and ceric ion and increases exponentially with increasing extent of conversion. The initial rapid rate of polymerization is accounted for by the high reactivity of ceric ion with cis-glycol groups on the ends of the dextran chains. The polymerization in the slower period that follows is initiated by the breakdown of coordination complexes of ceric ions with secondary alcohols on the dextran chain and terminated by redox reaction with uncomplexed ceric ions.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1966.150040517
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  • 8
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    Angular radiation models for Earth-atmosphere system. Volume 1: Shortwave radiation (1988)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Presented are shortwave angular radiation models which are required for analysis of satellite measurements of Earth radiation, such as those fro the Earth Radiation Budget Experiment (ERBE). The models consist of both bidirectional and directional parameters. The bidirectional parameters are anisotropic function, standard deviation of mean radiance, and shortwave-longwave radiance correlation coefficient. The directional parameters are mean albedo as a function of Sun zenith angle and mean albedo normalized to overhead Sun. Derivation of these models from the Nimbus 7 ERB (Earth Radiation Budget) and Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) data sets is described. Tabulated values and computer-generated plots are included for the bidirectional and directional modes.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: NASA-RP-1184 , L-16414 , NAS 1.61:1184
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 9
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    Analysis of radiation parameters derived from the multisatellite Earth Radiation Budget Experiment (1990)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-27
    Description: To quantify the diurnal radiative heating and cooling cycles of the earth and the atmosphere, data from instruments on the Earth Radiation Budget Satellite (ERBS) spacecraft and NOAA-9 satellites obtained from February 1985 through January 1986 were used to investigate longwave (LW) and shortwave (SW) flux as well as albedo for each month of the year. Seasonal variations of radiative parameters and their diurnal cycles are examined for the deserts, vegetated land, and oceans over the globe. The results show significant seasonal variations in both the outgoing LW and the absorbed SW flux, and a pronounced difference was found between oceanic and continental surfaces. Over much of the globe, LW warming is balanced by SW cooling, and clouds have a net cooling effect on the earth. Many areas of the earth were found to exhibit significant diurnal variations in both the LW flux and albedo.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: Conference on Satellite Meteorology and Oceanography; Sept. 3-7, 1990; London; United Kingdom
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 10
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    Effect of cloud cover and surface type on earth's radiation budget derived from the first year of ERBE data (1990)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: One year of ERBE data is analyzed for variations in outgoing LW and absorbed solar flux. Differences in land and ocean radiation budgets as well as differences between clear-sky and total scenes, including clouds, are studied. The variation of monthly average radiative parameters is examined for February 1985 through January 1986 for selected study regions and on zonal and global scales. ERBE results show significant seasonal variations in both outgoing LW and absorbed SW flux, and a pronounced difference between oceanic and continental surfaces. The main factors determining cloud radiative forcing in a given region are solar insolation, cloud amount, cloud type, and surface properties. The strongest effects of clouds are found in the midlatitude storm tracks over the oceans. Over much of the globe, LW warming is balanced by SW cooling. The annual-global average net cloud forcing shows that clouds have a net cooling effect on the earth for the year.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: Conference on Atmospheric Radiation; Jul 23, 1990 - Jul 27, 1990; San Francisco, CA; United States
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
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