Publication Date:
2008-10-17
Description:
Neuroblastoma, an embryonal tumour of the peripheral sympathetic nervous system, accounts for approximately 15% of all deaths due to childhood cancer. High-risk neuroblastomas are rapidly progressive; even with intensive myeloablative chemotherapy, relapse is common and almost uniformly fatal. Here we report the detection of previously unknown mutations in the ALK gene, which encodes a receptor tyrosine kinase, in 8% of primary neuroblastomas. Five non-synonymous sequence variations were identified in the kinase domain of ALK, of which three were somatic and two were germ line. The most frequent mutation, F1174L, was also identified in three different neuroblastoma cell lines. ALK complementary DNAs encoding the F1174L and R1275Q variants, but not the wild-type ALK cDNA, transformed interleukin-3-dependent murine haematopoietic Ba/F3 cells to cytokine-independent growth. Ba/F3 cells expressing these mutations were sensitive to the small-molecule inhibitor of ALK, TAE684 (ref. 4). Furthermore, two human neuroblastoma cell lines harbouring the F1174L mutation were also sensitive to the inhibitor. Cytotoxicity was associated with increased amounts of apoptosis as measured by TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL). Short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-mediated knockdown of ALK expression in neuroblastoma cell lines with the F1174L mutation also resulted in apoptosis and impaired cell proliferation. Thus, activating alleles of the ALK receptor tyrosine kinase are present in primary neuroblastoma tumours and in established neuroblastoma cell lines, and confer sensitivity to ALK inhibition with small molecules, providing a molecular rationale for targeted therapy of this disease.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2587486/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉 〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2587486/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉George, Rani E -- Sanda, Takaomi -- Hanna, Megan -- Frohling, Stefan -- Luther, William 2nd -- Zhang, Jianming -- Ahn, Yebin -- Zhou, Wenjun -- London, Wendy B -- McGrady, Patrick -- Xue, Liquan -- Zozulya, Sergey -- Gregor, Vlad E -- Webb, Thomas R -- Gray, Nathanael S -- Gilliland, D Gary -- Diller, Lisa -- Greulich, Heidi -- Morris, Stephan W -- Meyerson, Matthew -- Look, A Thomas -- CA21765/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA69129/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- K08 NS047983/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- K08 NS047983-03/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- K08 NS047983-04/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- K08 NS047983-05/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2008 Oct 16;455(7215):975-8. doi: 10.1038/nature07397.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18923525" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
Keywords:
Alleles
;
Animals
;
Apoptosis
;
Cell Line, Tumor
;
Cell Proliferation
;
Cell Survival
;
Enzyme Activation/genetics
;
Genome, Human/genetics
;
Humans
;
In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
;
In Situ Nick-End Labeling
;
Mice
;
Mutation/*genetics
;
Neuroblastoma/enzymology/*genetics/pathology/*therapy
;
Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics
;
Protein Structure, Tertiary/genetics
;
Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/*antagonists & inhibitors/chemistry/*genetics/metabolism
;
Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases
;
Sequence Analysis, DNA
Print ISSN:
0028-0836
Electronic ISSN:
1476-4687
Topics:
Biology
,
Chemistry and Pharmacology
,
Medicine
,
Natural Sciences in General
,
Physics
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