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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Emerging data on pollen tube growth and fertilization in flowering plants, 1990–1995 (1996)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 193 (1996), S. 132-143 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Fertilization ; Pollen tube ; Embryo sac ; Gametes ; Angiosperms
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Since its discovery at the end of the last century, double fertilization remains of central interest in plant reproductive biology research. Although the sequence of events leading to fertilization is well known from cytological studies, the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. This now seems feasible by the diversification and refinement of recently developed technologies presented in this review. The progress made during the last five years in understanding pollen tube guidance, discharge into the embryo sac, and gametic fusion are described. Future directions are also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01276641
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural characterization and three-dimensional reconstruction of isolated maize (Zea mays L.) egg cell protoplasts (1992)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 171 (1992), S. 97-103 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Egg cell ; Female gamete ; Organelle distribution ; Three-dimensional reconstruction ; Transmission electron microscopy ; Zea mays L
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Isolated egg cell protoplasts ofZea mays L., inbred line A 188, have been studied at the transmission electron microscope level. Their preparation for electron microscopy has been performed by embedding in ultra-low gelling agarose as a preliminary step. Five isolated egg cell protoplasts were serially ultrathin sectioned and studied in detail. One of these protoplasts was reconstructed in three dimensions to provide additional information on its structure. After enzymatic digestion and microdissection, isolated egg cells are true, highly vacuolized protoplasts. The structure of their organelles agrees with in situ observations, indicating an ultrastructural intactness after isolation: the mitochondria are polymorphic, form reticulate networks, and have well developed cristae; the plastids contain starch grains; and the spherical nucleus is euchromatic. As in situ, the organelles of the isolated egg cell protoplasts are aggregated near the nucleus. The complete picture provided by this work should serve as a comparative base for studies on in vitro fertilization products.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01403723
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    From in vitro fertilization to early embryogenesis in maize (1995)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 187 (1995), S. 3-12 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Gamete protoplasts ; In vitro fertilization ; Early embryogenesis ; Developmental mutations ; Polymerase chain reaction ; cDNA libraries ; Gene cloning ; Angiosperm ; Zea mays
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The development of in vitro fertilization methods in plants, the characterization of developmental mutants, and the adaptation of molecular biology techniques to construct cDNA libraries from minute samples, all represent important recent technical break-throughs. They allow the study of fertilization and early embryogenesis at a molecular level and considerable improvement in the under-standing of higher plant reproduction can be predicted over the next few years. Important biological questions, such as polyspermy, gamete fusion physiology, asymmetrical cell division, embryo axis formation, can now be addressed experimentally in maize, which appears as a major study model in this area.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01280227
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