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  • Lilium longiflorum  (4)
  • Key words: Calyculin A  (1)
  • Springer  (5)
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  • Springer  (5)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In-vitro germination and growth of lily pollen tubes is affected by protein phosphatase inhibitors (1998)
    Springer
    Planta 207 (1998), S. 303-312 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Key words: Calyculin A ; Lilium ; Okadaic acid ; Pollen ; Protein phosphorylation ; Tip growth
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract. Inhibitors of type-2A protein phosphatase (PPase-2A), calyculin A (cal A) and okadaic acid (OA), inhibit pollen grain germination and growth of pollen tubes of Lilium longiflorum Thunb. at nanomolar concentrations. Half-maximal inhibition of cytoplasmic PPase-2A activity was below 0.1 nM for cal A and at 0.7 nM for OA. Other protein phosphatase inhibitors (tautomycin, cypermethrin, and dephostatin) were less effective. The OA- and cal A-sensitive as well as dephostatin-sensitive PPase activity in the cytoplasm did not change during germination and growth of pollen tubes. Addition of cal A and OA disturbed the direction of pollen tube growth and the distribution of cytoplasmic organelles and caused cell wall thickenings as observed by light and electron microscopy. Inhibition of PPase-2A caused multiple effects at the cellular level, cytoskeletal elements being a putative target of PPase-2A activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004250050487
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunolocalization of H+-ATPases in the plasma membrane of pollen grains and pollen tubes ofLilium longiflorum (1992)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 171 (1992), S. 55-63 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Immunolocalization ; H+-ATPase ; Tip growth ; Lilium longiflorum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A heterogeneous distribution of H+-ATPase was visualized in germinated pollen ofLilium longiflorum using monoclonal antibodies raised against plasma membrane H+-ATPase. Immunolocalization studies of protoplasts and subprotoplasts derived from pollen tubes and sectioned pollen grains and pollen tubes show that H+-ATPases are abundant in the plasma membrane of pollen grains but are absent or sparsely distributed in the plasma membrane of pollen tubes. This polar distribution of H+-ATPases is probably the basis of the endogenous current pattern measured in growing lily pollen and involved in pollen tube tip growth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01379280
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Introduction of impermeable molecules into pollen grains by electroporation (1995)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 187 (1995), S. 132-137 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Electroporation ; Electropermeabilization ; Lilium longiflorum ; Pollen grains
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Electroporation was used to introduce plasma membrane impermeable molecules into the cytoplasm of pollen grains ofLilium longiflorum. Ungerminated pollen grains were exposed to the fluorescent dye quin2 or FITC-labelled dextrans and electroporated with exponentially decaying voltage pulses of 250 to 2000 V/cm and time constants of 0.01 to 10 μs. The number of electroporated pollen grains increased with the strength and duration of the voltage pulses, and with the osmolarity of the external medium. Optimal results were obtained with pulses of 1000 V/cm and 10 μs time constant, and with 900 mM mannitol in the electroporation buffer. The size of the pores produced in the plasma membrane by electroporation allowed uptake of 40 kDa dextran but not 70 kDa dextran. The rate of germination of pollen grains was low immediately after electroporation, but increased with time in pollen growth medium. The conditions of electroporation reported here may be used to load genetic material into pollen grains for the production of transgenic plants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01280241
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Laser microsurgery: a versatile tool in plant (electro) physiology (1994)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 178 (1994), S. 1-10 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Elodea densa ; Eremosphaera ; Laser microsurgery ; Lilium longiflorum ; Patch-clamp ; Nicotiana tabacum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary In plant cells the cell wall is a formidable obstacle in many physiological studies such as patch-clamp measurements and cell labelling with antibodies. Enzymatic digestion of the cell wall, in order to release a protoplast, has a number of disadvantages; therefore we worked out an alternative method to gain access to the plasma membrane. The wall of specialized cells from three higher plant species and one unicellular alga were perforated using the focussed UV light of a nitrogen laser. In order to enhance the absorption of the UV light by the walls, a dye was used that binds specifically to cell wall components. Extrusion of the protoplast or parts thereof was controlled by a regulated gradual decrease of the osmolarity of the solution surrounding the cells. Cytoplasmic streaming and chloroplast circulation were maintained in the protoplasts, demonstrating their viability after the wall perforation with the laser. Continuous deposition of new cell wall material by the polar tip of pollen tubes after surgical removal of the wall at the tip is another demonstration of the viability of the cells. Formation of high resistance seals between the plasma membrane and a patch pipet was surprisingly difficult. The role of ‘Hechtian strands’ and continuing synthesis of cell wall material in seal formation is further investigated. Other applications for the surgical laser are: fusion of two cells or vacuoles, analysis of the composition of specific parts of the cell wall, and release of the vacuole from an identified cell type for patchclamp studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01404115
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The turgor pressure of growing lily pollen tubes (1997)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 198 (1997), S. 1-8 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Lilium longiflorum ; Pollen tube ; Pressure probe ; Tip growth ; Turgor pressure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The turgor pressure of growing pollen tubes of the lily (Lilium longiflorum Thunb.) has been recorded using a turgor pressure probe. Insertion of the probe's micropipette was routinely accomplished, providing recording periods of 20 to 30 min. Probe insertion did not affect tube growth. The stable turgor values ranged between 0.1 and 0.4 MPa, the mean value being 0.209 ± 0.064 MPa (n=106). A brief increase in turgor, generated by injection of oil through the pressure probe, caused the tube to burst at its tip. Burst pressures ranged between 0.19 and 0.58 MPa, that is, individual lily pollen tubes do not withstand turgor pressure approaching twice their regular turgor pressure. In contrast, parallel experiments using the incipient plasmolysis technique yielded a mean putative turgor pressure of 0.79 MPa either using sucrose (n=24) or mannitol (n=25). Surprisingly, turgor pressure was not significantly correlated with tube growth rate which ranged from zero to 13 μm/min. Nor did it correlate with tube length over the tested range of 100 to 1600 μm. In addition the influence of the medium's osmolality was surprisingly low: raising the external osmotic pressure from 0.36 to 1.08 MPa, with sucrose or mannitol, only caused mean turgor pressure to decline from 0.27 to 0.18 MPa. We conclude that growing lily pollen regulates its turgor pressure remarkably well despite substantial variation in tube growth rate, tube length, and osmotic milieu.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01282125
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