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  • Articles  (99)
  • Springer  (99)
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  • Articles  (99)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 294 (1980), S. 197-198 
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Using a scandium neutron filter the spectrum ofα-particles from147Sm(n, α) reaction at neutron energies around 2 keV has been measured. The partialα-widths averaged over the capturing compound states for twoα-transitions have been obtained.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1434-601X
    Keywords: PACS: 25.30.Fj Nuclear Reactions: Inelastic electron scattering to continuum – 14.20.Dh Properties of Specific Particles: Protons and neutrons – 13.40.Gp Electromagnetic form factors – 25.10.+s Nuclear reactions involving few–nucleon systems
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract: The electric form factor of the neutron G E,n has been determined at the Mainz Microtron MAMI at the low momentum transfer Q 2= 0.15 (GeV/c)2 in a measurement of the recoil polarisation ratio P x/Pz in the quasifree reaction D(e,e′n)p. At this Q 2 the influence of the nuclear binding is strong. A purely kinematical model is used to get some insight into the effect of the initial Fermi momentum distribution of the neutron. The influence of the final state interaction is determined quantitatively by a model of Arenhövel et al.. After the corresponding corrections a value of G E,n(0.15 (GeV/c)2) = 0.0481±0.0065stat±0.0053syst is obtained.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 29 (1973), S. 50-51 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Résumé Des cellules sanguines différenciées sont produites tout au long de la vic larvaire et imaginale des Insectes Orthoptères par des tissus hématopoïétiques spécialisés. Nos études morphologiques et expérimentales soulignent l'analogie que présentent ces tissus avec les organes hématopoïétiques des Vertébrés, à la fois sur le plan structural et sur la plan fonctionnel.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 31 (1975), S. 247-249 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Der Titer von Ecdyson und Ecdysteron in Heuschrecken (Locusta migratoria) des V. Larvenstadiums wurde getrennt bestimmt. Ecdysteron herrscht zur Zeit des Titermaximums vor. Durch Injektion von radioaktivem Ecdyson wird gezeigt, dass dies durch ein Ansteigen der Steroid-20-Hydroxylase-Aktivität verursacht wird. Die Ausscheidung von Häutungshormonen mit dem Kot sorgt für das Sinken der Häutungshormon-Konzentration in den Tieren.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The prothoracic glands of permanent fifth instar larvae ofLocusta migratoria (moulting blocked by selective X-ray treatment of the hemocytopoietic tissue) are in a state of high activity as evidenced by the rate of incorporation of a labelled amino-acid into the proteins synthesized in these glands. Such permanent larvae apparently synthesize no ecdysone nor ecdysterone.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 18 (1975), S. 55-67 
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Les populations du Psylle Acizzia russellae présentent un déclin brusque en été qui coïncide avec l'élévation de la température. Ceci peut paraître surprenant chez une espèce qui est adaptée depuis longtemps à vivre en association avec une plante semi-désertique (Acacia karroo); aussi on a entrepris une étude de la résistance de cet insecte aux élévations de température en tenant compte du rôle de la plante-hôte. La survie des nymphes et des imagos isolés de la plante-hôte dépend d'une interaction entre le déficit de saturation et la température. Les Psylles survivent à des températures plus élevées lorsqu'ils sont sur leur plante-hôte; par ailleurs les “larves” du 5ème stade sont moins sensibles aux températures élevées que les 4 premiers stades larvaires, ces derniers étant eux-mêmes moins sensibles que les adultes. En utilisant des larves du dernier stade sur leur plante-hôte, soumises à des températures critiques, de 43° et 46° et en rapportant les variations de survie au déficit de saturation, on obtient une courbe en V inversée, le pourcentage de survie étant plus faible pour les valeurs les plus basses et pour les valeurs les plus élevées de déficit de saturation. Les conclusions qu'on peut tirer sont: 1) pour de faibles déficits de saturation, le refroidissement obtenu par évaporation, au niveau de la plante ou de l'insecte, est insuffisant pour ramener la température au-dessous de la température létale supérieure. 2) pour les valeurs moyennes du déficit de saturation, le refroidissement dû à l'évaporation évite d'atteindre ce seuil de la température létale, sans cependant entraîner une mortalité par perte d'eau trop élevée (la survie est maximum). 3) pour les hautes valeurs du déficit de saturation, la mortalité s'accroît précisément en conséquence de cette dessiccation des organismes, bien que le refroidissement par évaporation soit en principe plus efficace. La survie se révèle d'ailleurs meilleure sur des plantes abondamment irriguées que sur celles non irriguées, le pourcentage de survie des Psylles décroît brusquement lorsque la plante subit un besoin en eau accrue. Le refroidissement au niveau de la plante a été étudié à l'ombre, au soleil et sous une irradiation artificielle aux infra-rouges; ce refroidissement est en étroite corrélation avec le déficit de saturation, de sorte que le refroidissement maximum d'environ 7o est obtenu pour le déficit de saturation le plus élevé. Des expériences cherchant à établir le rôle de l'évaporation au niveau de l'insecte et sa part dans l'abaissement de la température, n'ont pas permis d'aboutir à des conclusions valables. Le relevé des populations naturelles du Psylle A. russellae, sur une période de 3 ans, montre une réduction estivale, semblable à celle connue chez d'autres Psyllides. Les résultats présentés ici soulignent l'importance de la plante-hôte dans l'action de la température sur le niveau des populations, les effets directs à court terme des températures élevées étant de peu d'importance sur la dynamique des populations de ce Psylle.
    Notes: Abstract The psyllid, Acizzia russellae, survived higher temperatures on the host plant (Acacia karroo) than off it and our results demonstrated an interaction between saturation deficit (S.D.) and temperature in causing death. With psyllids exposed to critically high temperatures on the plant a characteristic inverted “V” shaped survival curve, plotted against S.D., was realised, suggesting that (i) at low S.D.'s the insects were suffering heat death: evaporative cooling from the host plant, and perhaps the insects, failing to lower temperatures below the upper lethal limit; (ii) at moderate S.D.'s survival was greatly increased: evaporative cooling resulting in lowered body temperatures but without lethal desiccation; (iii) at high S.D.'s, in spite of more effective evaporative cooling, desiccation caused death. Significant evaporative cooling by the leaves of A. karroo was measured, but experiments designed to resolve the relative roles of evaporative cooling by the plant and the insect in reducing temperature-induced mortality were inconclusive. The influence of direct short-term temperature effects on the population fluctuations of the psyllid in the field is discussed.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1436-6215
    Keywords: Key words Carotenoids –α-tocopherol – dietary fiber – LDL oxidation – humans
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Background: Antioxidant concentrations in low density lipoproteins (LDL) are an important determinant for their susceptability to oxidation and can be modulated by dietary intake. Aim of the study: In the present study, the influence of dietary fiber on the antioxidant enrichment and the oxidation resistance of LDL after antioxidant supplementation is investigated. Method: An antioxidant supplement consisting of β-carotene, lycopene, lutein, canthaxanthin and α-tocopherol was given to six young women together with a standard meal. Using a cross-over study design, each subject received the standard meal without additional dietary fiber and enriched with pectin, guar, or cellulose in a random order. To determine the resistance of LDL against copper ion-induced oxidation, the formation of conjugated dienes was measured. Results: Eight, 10, and 24 hours after antioxidant supplementation the isolated LDL revealed significantly (p 〈 0.05) increased antioxidant concentrations; addition of pectin, guar, or cellulose to the meal depressed this increase. Concomitantly, the observed increase in the resistance of LDL against oxidation (measured as lag phase) was lower with dietary fiber supplementation than that found without. On average, pectin, guar, and cellulose reduced the increase of the lag phase (measured without addition of dietary fiber) by 38%, 22%, and 18%, respectively. Conclusions: These results indicate that dietary fiber supplementation decreases the antioxidative effect of a supplement consisting of carotenoids and α-tocopherol in LDL, an effect that is likely to be mediated by a reduced bioavailability of these antioxidants in the gut.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Czechoslovak journal of physics 25 (1975), S. 854-858 
    ISSN: 1572-9486
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract An alpha spectrometer based on a telescope consisting of two silicon semiconductor surface barrier detectors is described. The spectrometer has been used to study the α-particle energy spectra of an (n,α)-type reaction and ternary fission of uranium in an energy range 4–30 MeV with a resolution of 85 keV.
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1572-9486
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Conclusion The present resulte are in general agreement with those obtained earlier, e.g. in /2/. The complete removal of post-implantation defects in As-implanted Si may be achieved by thermal annealing at temperatures above 700°C and by laser annealing as well. More than 50% of the implanted As atoms enter the host lattice sites during the thermal annealing. By laser annealing, on the other hand, 9056 of the As atoms become substitutional.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: 79.60
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Strained layer GaAs.95P.05 photo cathodes are presented, which emit electron beams spinpolarized to a degree of P = 75% typically. Quantum yields around QE = 0.4% are observed routinely. The figure of merit P2 × QE = 2.3 × 10−3 is comparable to that of the best strained layer cathodes reported in literature. The optimum wavelength of irradiating light around 830 nm is in convenient reach of Ti:sapphire lasers or diode lasers respectively. The cathodes are produced using MOCVD-techniques. A GaAs.55P.45-GaAs.85P.15 superlattice structure prevents the migration of dislocations from the substrate and bottom layers to the strained overlayer. The surface is protected by an arsenic layer so that no chemical cleaning is necessary before installation into vacuum. The source of polarized electrons attached to the Mainz race track microtron MAMI works with such cathodes now. More than 1000 hours beamtime have been performed successfully.
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