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  • Springer  (20)
  • Cell Press  (5)
  • International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)  (4)
  • Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
  • 1
    Series available for loan
    Series available for loan
    Window performance in extreme cold (1982)
    Hanover, NH : U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory
    Associated volumes
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    Call number: ZSP-201-82/38
    In: CRREL Report, 82-38
    Description / Table of Contents: Extreme cold causes heavy buildup of frost, ice and condensation on many windows. It also increases the incentive for improving the airtightness of windows against heat loss. Our study shows that tightening specifications for Alaskan windows to permit only 30% of the air leakage allowed by current American airtightness standards is economically attractive. We also recommend triple glazing in much of Alaska to avoid window icing in homes and barracks. We base our conclusions on a two-year field study of Alaskan military bases that included recording humidity and temperature data, observing moisture accumulation on windows and measuring airtightness with a fan pressurization device.
    Type of Medium: Series available for loan
    Pages: v, 26 Seiten , Illustrationen
    Series Statement: CRREL Report 82-38
    URL: https://apps.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA124528
    URL: https://hdl.handle.net/11681/9333
    Language: English
    Note: Contents Abstract Preface Nomenclature Introduction Previous work in cold weather window performance Investigation Data acquisition and analysis Modeling the window thermal regime Moisture and ice observations Airtightness testing and analysis Annual heat loss from air leakage Results and conclusions Moisture on windows Airtightness Airtightness economics Recommendations for windows in extreme cold Airtightness Multiple glazing Literature cited Appendix A: Moisture levels and airtightness Appendix B: Dewpoint data Appendix C: Sample observations of icing
    Location: AWI Archive
    Branch Library: AWI Library
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The preparation and structure of barium uranium oxide BaUO3+x (1982)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 38 (1982), S. 2775-2781 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5740
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0567740882009935
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Utilization of Photoemission Cross-Section Effects for Monitoring Thin-Film Growth in UHV (1995)
    Chester : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Journal of synchrotron radiation 2 (1995), S. 252-255 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5775
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Given the tunability of synchrotron radiation, photoemission spectroscopy can be used to monitor the growth modes of thin films in UHV. Cross-section effects such as Cooper minima and resonant photoemission can be exploited to maximize the adsorbate signal and minimize that from the substrate. Under favourable circumstances growth can be monitored in real time at coverages of 〈1%. As an example the growth of Gd on W(110) is investigated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0909049595008697
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gd/W(110) Interface Formation Studied by W 4f Surface Core-Level Spectroscopy (1995)
    Chester : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Journal of synchrotron radiation 2 (1995), S. 261-263 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5775
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: W 4f core-level spectra of Gd films on W(110) show components which can be identified as being due to bulk and interface W. The results suggest that the W/Gd interface is abrupt, i.e. no interface alloying occurs. At submonolayer coverages a further component is seen which is attributable to intermediate (n × 2) phases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S090904959500954X
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photoemission Study of CO Adsorption on Gd (1995)
    Chester : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Journal of synchrotron radiation 2 (1995), S. 312-315 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5775
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Angle-resolved UV photoemission spectroscopy has been used to investigate the interaction of CO with Gd films, grown on W(110). The results suggest the CO absorbs dissociatively, initially forming Gd2O3, with subsequent catalytic oxidation of CO to form carbonate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S090904959501137X
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Variation of pollen limitation in the early flowering Mediterranean geophyte Narcissus assoanus (Amaryllidaceae) (2000)
    Springer
    Oecologia 124 (2000), S. 529-535 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Key words Fruit and seed set ; Narcissus assoanus ; Pollen limitation ; Reproductive ecology ; Seed:ovule ratios
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  A recent literature review indicates that pollen limitation of female fertility is a common feature of flowering plants. Despite the ecological and evolutionary significance of pollen limitation, most studies have only examined fertility in a single population at one time. Here we investigate pollen limitation of fruit and seed set in five populations of Narcissus assoanus, a self- sterile, insect-pollinated geophyte, over 2–3 years in southern France. In common with many early spring flowering plants, pollinator visitation to N. assoanus is often infrequent. Supplemental hand-pollination of flowers with outcross pollen significantly increased overall fruit and seed set by 11% and 19%, respectively. Four of the five populations experienced some pollen limitation during the study. For a given year, there was significant variation in pollen limitation among populations. Two of the populations were pollen limited in one year but not in other years in which they were studied. Seed:ovule ratios for open- and hand-pollinated flowers averaged 0.29 and 0.33, respectively. While hand pollination significantly increased the seed:ovule ratio, the low value obtained indicates that the majority of ovules in flowers do not mature seeds despite hand pollination. The role of genetic and environmental factors governing low seed:ovule ratios in N. assoanus is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004420000417
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pollinator foraging behavior and pollen collection on the floral morphs of tristylous Pontederia cordata L. (1987)
    Springer
    Oecologia 74 (1987), S. 347-351 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Pontederia cordata ; Bombus ; Tristyly ; Pollination ; Behavior
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The foraging behavior of the pollinators of tristylous Pontederia cordata was studied to determine if differences in floral morphology would lead to preferential visitation of the floral morphs. Although nectar production is not different in the three floral morphs, differences in the production and size of pollen grains produced by the three anther levels results in the morphs offering variable amounts of resources to pollen-collecting insects. Bumblebees (Bombus spp.) and the solitary bee Melissodes apicata used P. cordata primarily as a nectar source and therefore did not seem to exhibit any morph preference. In contrast, honeybees visited flowers mainly for pollen and preferred to forage on long-level anthers of the short-and mid-styled morphs. An analysis of the composition of corbicular pollen loads indicated that, relative to the frequency of production in the population: 1) honeybees collected an excess of pollen from long-level anthers; 2) bumblebees collected the three types of pollen without any apparent preference; and 3) M. apicata preferentially collected pollen from the short-level anthers — presumably because their proboscides are modified by the presence of tiny hairs. The results suggest that P. cordata in Ontario is serviced by a diverse, unspecialized pollinator fauna which is not co-adapted to the tristylous floral polymorphism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00378928
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Trimorphic incompatibility in Eichhornia azurea (Pontederiaceae) (2000)
    Springer
    Sexual plant reproduction 12 (2000), S. 203-208 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2145
    Keywords: Key words Tristyly ; Trimorphic incompatibility ; Pollen trimorphism ; Partial incompatibility ; Clonal aquatic plant
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Eichhornia azurea (Pontederiaceae) is a mat-forming, clonal aquatic that inhabits lakes, marshes and river systems in many parts of the Neotropics. The species is tristylous with long-, mid-, and short-styled morphs commonly represented in natural populations. To investigate whether E. azurea possesses a trimorphic incompatibility system typical of tristylous species, we conducted a controlled pollination experiment on 15 clones representing the three style morphs from a natural population near Rosario, Argentina. Comparisons of fruit and seed set following self-, illegitimate, and legitimate pollinations clearly demonstrated the presence of trimorphic incompatibility in E. azurea. Self- and illegitimate pollinations produced significantly less fruit and seed than legitimate pollinations in all three style morphs. Pollen from the two anther levels within a flower exhibited contrasting compatibility relations in self-pollinations. In common with several other tristylous species in Pontederiaceae, the expression of self-incompatibility was weakest in the mid-styled morph and strongest in the short-styled morph. We discuss the ecological and evolutionary significance of the partial expression of trimorphic incompatibility in E. azurea.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004970050001
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of prior self-pollination on outcrossed seed set in tristylous Pontederia sagittata (Pontederiaceae) (1994)
    Springer
    Sexual plant reproduction 7 (1994), S. 273-281 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2145
    Keywords: Pollen-pistil interference ; Prior self-pollination ; Tristyly ; Self-incompatibility Stylar senescence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The potential inhibitory effects of incompatible pollen on outcrossed seed set were investigated in mass-flowering, self-incompatible, tristylous Pontederia sagittata. Prior application of self pollen, followed after 2, 4, or 6 h by compatible pollen, was conducted on five genotypes of each of the three style morphs under uniform glasshouse conditions. The greatest reductions in seed set occurred in pollinations of the long-styled (L) morph at the 6 h time interval. Smaller reductions were also found for this treatment in the mid-styled (M) morph. No significant reductions in seed set were observed in the short-styled (S) morph or in the other morphs at shorter time intervals. Observations of pollen germination and pollen tube growth indicated that the lack of inhibitory effects in the S morph may occur because relatively few pollen grains adhered to stigmas in selfpollinations. In the L and M morphs, early germination of self pollen may cause physical clogging of the stigma and style, resulting in a reduced number of compatible pollen tubes in styles. Observations of the structural integrity of styles indicated that prior germination of self pollen resulted in more rapid onset of pistil senescence, particularly in the L morph. These influences may contribute to the morph-specific differences in seed set observed following prior self-pollination of outcrossed flowers. The negative effects of incompatible pollen are likely to be most evident where ecological factors cause delays in the delivery of outcross pollen to stigmas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00227709
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Variation in expression of trimorphic incompatibility in Pontederia cordata L. (Pontederiaceae) (1985)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 70 (1985), S. 355-362 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Trimorphic incompatibility ; Pontederia cordata L.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Pontederia cordata L. (Pontederiaceae), a perennial diploid, possesses the rare genetic polymorphism tristyly. A controlled pollination programme was conducted over a three year period, under glasshouse conditions, on 36 clones of P. cordata var. cordata to examine the nature of the self-incompatibility system. The three major findings of the pollination study were: (1) the three floral morphs display different levels of self-incompatibility, (2) pollen from the two anther levels within a flower exhibits different compatibility behaviour in self-pollinations, (3) considerable individual genetic variation in the expression of self-incompatibility is evident among clones within floral morphs. Similar results were also obtained from a smaller study on 15 clones of P. cordata var. lancifolia conducted over a 6 month period. In common with other Pontederia species the mid-styled morph (M) of P. cordata produces large amounts of seed when self-pollinated with pollen from long-level anthers. A developmental model is proposed to explain the high level of self-compatibility of the M morph in Pontederia species. Self-pollination of segregating progenies from M and S morphs of known incompatibility status demonstrated that the expression of incompatibility is closely associated with style length. It is suggested that overall differences in incompatibility behaviour among the floral morphs may be due to the pleiotropic effects of major genes controlling sub-characters of the tristylous syndrome, rather than linked modifier genes. However, the variable expression of trimorphic incompatibility within floral morphs suggests that this variation may be polygenic in origin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00273739
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