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  • Articles  (1,057)
  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd  (1,057)
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  • Articles  (1,057)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 123 (2004), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The genetic mechanism underlying the relationship between three traits of the primary sink size - spikelet number per panicle (SNP), panicle number per plant (PN), and 1000-grain weight (GWT), and their 10 component traits in rice was dissected in 292 F13 recombinant inbred lines using a complete linkage map. A total of 43 genomic regions on 12 rice chromosomes were found to contain quantitative trait loci (QTLs) affecting the sink size traits, which revealed several important aspects of the genetic basis of sink capacity in rice. First, QTLs for SNP, PN and GWT were largely independent. Secondly, most QTLs affecting SNP and GWT showed close characteristics in both genomic locations and directions of effects to QTLs for their components, suggesting that pleiotropy, rather than linkage, was the primary genetic basis of the correlated panicle and grain traits. Thirdly, some QTLs affecting component traits did not contribute to SNP or GWT. In these cases, two or more QTLs with opposite effects on their component traits were detected, which could be due to either linkage or pleiotropy. Fourthly, some QTLs had large effects on panicle number (QPn4), panicle branching and length (QPbn3a, QPbn3b and QPb14), grain length and volume (QG13, QG15 and QGv2), and grain shape (QGs1 and QGs7), which were consistently detected in the related rice mapping populations and in different environments, providing good candidates and useful information for marker-aided improvement of sink size and yield potential of rice.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 37 (1972), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 37 (1972), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 36 (1989), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Both monoclonal and polyclonal antisera were produced against Ceratomyxa shasta. Ascites containing trophozoites of the parasite was collected from infected fish and used as antigen for immunization of mice. The resulting monoclonal antibodies reacted specifically with trophozoite and sporoblast stages but did not react with C. shasta spores by either indirect fluorescent antibody techniques or in Western blots. This indicates that some C. shasta antigens are specific to certain life stages of the parasite. Polyclonal antiserum was produced in a rabbit by injecting a spore protein electro-eluted from an SDS-polyacrylamide gel. This antiserum reacted with both trophozoites and spores by indirect fluorescent antibody techniques and in Western blots. All antisera were tested for cross-reactivity to trout white blood cells, a contaminant of the ascites, and to other myxosporea. Two monoclonal antibodies reacted with white blood cells and myxosporea of the genera Sphaerospora and Myxobilatus. One hybridoma produced antibodies of high specificity for C. shasta pre-spore stages. This is the first report of a monoclonal antibody produced against a myxosporean parasite.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Grass and forage science 44 (1989), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Progress in improving the feeding value (FV) of forage plants has been slow despite the benefits to animal production that can result from using plants of intrinsically higher FV. The slow progress is due in part to a lack of consensus on the criteria to be used in breeding or selecting forages of high FV. This paper reports the use of the Delphi technique to obtain such a consensus from an international panel of specialists in grazing animal production.The specialists, from Europe, USA, New Zealand and Australia, ranked eleven criteria for improving the FV of grasses and legumes for liveweight gain and for wool production.In general, the primary criteria chosen were high digestibility, easy communication, high nonstructural carbohydrate, high crude-protein and, for sheep kept primarily for wool production, a high sulphur-amino acid content. High relative palatability, high lipid-content and erect growth habit were ranked as least important. It was generally considered that mineral content and anti-quality constituents should be monitored rather than making them specific breeding objectives, although some exceptions were noted. Minor importance was attached to having ‘appropriate’ tannins in grasses; however, this was given a high priority in legumes. These criteria, and the desirability of reducing the extent of protein degradation in the rumen are discussed in relation to comments made by panel members.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1365-2427
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SUMMARY. 〈list xml:id="l1" style="custom"〉1 We tracked calcite saturation and seston composition during 1987 and 1988 in a shallow, hardwater prairie lake, 1 year before and 1 year after a lake-wide fish removal. We also measured the contribution of calcite to turbidity during 1988.2 In both years calcite saturation increased rapidly after all ice had thawed and peaked during mid-late summer with the mineral saturation index of calcite (SI) sometimes exceeding 30.3 Removal of calcite from lake seston by gentle acidification of unfiltered water samples showed suspended calcite to be an important source of lurbidity in this lake.4 The lake-wide fish removal produced detectable changes in the annual cycle of calcite saturation and precipitation. Increased grazing by Daphnia galeata and Daphnia pulex apparently reduced calcite saturation during early summer by suppressing the phytoplankton, and lowering the demand for CO2.5 Lower calcite precipitation, as well as direct removal of calcite by Daphnia grazing, probably contributed to the improvement in water transparency observed after the fish kill.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 755 (1995), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary. Thiocarbamate herbicides were applied with incorporation devices and new subsurface application equipment on loamy sand at Tifton, Georgia, U.S.A. Subsurface-applied ethyl N,N-dipropylthiolcarbamate (EPTC), S-propyl bulylethylthiocarbamate (pebulate), and S-propyl dipropylthiocarbamate (vernolate) generally gave better control of Cyperus esculentus L. and Richardia scabra St Hil, but injured peanuts more than applications made on the soil surface and then incorporated into the soil. For soil incorporation, the power-driven rotary hoe was generally better than a disc harrow.Depth of subsurface placement critically affected herbicidal activity, especially on Cyperus esculentus; placement 1·5 in. below the soil surface gave more effective control than placement at 5·5 in. Réactions de Cyperus esculentus, de Richardia scabra et de l'arachide mix herbicides à base de thiocarbamate, en relation avec la methode de placement dans le sol
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Twenty-four near-isogenic barley lines, with a cv.‘Pallas’ background, carrying different mildew resistance genes were subjected in 1987, 1989 and 1990 to natural infection by the pathogen at several different and contrasting Spanish sites in order to study its virulence. The virulence genes proved to be geographically grouped into three regions: western (Valladolid), southern (Sevilla) and northern and northeastern (Navarra, Lleida and Girona). The mildew population of Lleida was more variable when compared with Navarra and Valladolid. Overall, the most effective resistance genes were: Ml-a13 + Ml-(Ru3), mlo and Ml-(1402).
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1365-2761
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: A comparative bacteriological and virological survey was conducted in two fish farms in the North of Portugal. The fish species examined included cultured rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), and brown trout, Salmo trutta L., as well as wild fish captured near both facilities. The microbial load in the internal organs of apparently healthy fish was nonitored over a year, an all the disease problems occurring during this period were investigated. Although both farms presented intermediate levels of infection(30–40% infected fish), farm B showed the poorest microbiological quality since constant but low mortalities were observed throughout the year. Flavobacterium and Psedomonas-Xanthomonas were the predominant bacterial groups, comprising around 40–50% of the isolates from each farm. In farm B, members of the Enterobacteriaceae and mortile Aeromonas also showed significant prevalence (about 20%). The only outbreak of a notifiable disease was an occurrence of furunculosis, caused by Aeromonas salmonicida subsp. salmoncida, in farm A. However, Yersinia ruckeri was isolated not only from diseased fish, but also from asymptomatic fish, usually in mixed infections with motile Aeromonas or infections with motile Aeromonas or infectious pancreatic necrosis virus (IPNV). While Y. ruckeri isolates associated with mortalities belonged to the serotype O1 (subgroup a), those isolated from asymtomatic fish corresponded to serotype O3. Two strains of IPNV (serotype Ab) were isolated in farm B, which represents the first viral agent detected in Portuguese aquaculture. Qualitative and quantitative differences in microbial load were observed between cultured and wild fish. No notifiable bacterial or viral pathogens were detected in any of the feral species studied.
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