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  • American Physical Society  (126)
  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)  (31)
  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Impact of Pb doping on the optical and electronic properties of ZnO powders (1995)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 67 (1995), S. 1280-1282 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), optical absorption, and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy have been combined to characterize Pb-doped ZnO ceramic powders. We observe a decrease in the 2.26 eV emission peak and a concomitant smearing of the band edges, narrowing the effective gap of the grains to ≈2 eV with increasing lead content. Both phenomena are at least in part attributed to the formation of a separate PbO-like phase, likely residing at the grain boundaries. The free-carrier concentration in the grains was also observed to decrease with increasing Pb content. Our EPR results suggest that this may be due to electron transfer from oxygen vacancy donors to substitutional Pb centers, acting as electron traps. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.114397
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A model for ion-irradiation induced hydrogen loss from organic materials (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 82 (1997), S. 1058-1064 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In the study of interfacial diffusion processes in polymer light-emitting diodes, the use of high-energy ion-scattering techniques can be of great value due to the possibility of quantitative elemental depth profiling. However, ion irradiation of polymers is known to cause various degradation effects, including the loss of hydrogen. Since the hydrogen loss determines the accuracy of depth profiling, it is an interesting subject for study in order to define experimental conditions in which the degradation is suppressed. The loss of hydrogen from porphyrins (organic solar cells) has been measured by means of elastic recoil detection analysis with 2, 4, and 7.6 MeV He+ beams. A theoretical model is proposed in which the hydrogen loss is described through the formation and recombination of free hydrogen radicals. A distinct difference is introduced between direct recombination processes and the diffusion of radicals out of the ion track. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.365871
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ion-channeling analysis of boron clusters in silicon (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 90 (2001), S. 4741-4747 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have measured axially channeled Rutherford backscattering spectra of Si1−xGex nanofilms in silicon(001). A step in the yield of the host crystal was found for off-normal axes at the depth of the nanofilm. The step was measured as a function of the angle between the incoming beam and the [011] axis and shows two maxima. It is found that Monte Carlo simulations assuming tetragonal distortion reproduce the experimental results. A universal curve was derived which enables determination of the tetragonal distortion from ion-channeling experiments, for a given film thickness. The results are compared with XRD measurements. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1405838
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Physical model of photostimulated luminescence of x-ray irradiated BaFBr:Eu2+ (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 64 (1988), S. 1405-1412 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A dynamical model of the temporal dependence of photostimulated luminescence of the storage phosphor BaFBr:Eu2+ as a result of preceeding x-ray irradiation is presented. The model is based on a monomolecular recombination mechanism. The commonly used bimolecular mechanism leads to contradictions with experimental observations. The monomolecular recombination is explained by the existence of a photostimulable luminescence complex with a recombination center and an electron trap in close proximity. Charge transfer after optical excitation occurs through tunneling. The simulation of the transient charge carrier dynamics is performed through rate equations. Good agreement wih experimentally determined temporal responses for different x-ray doses applied and stimulating light intensities is obtained.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.341838
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interferometric measurement of refractive indices (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 59 (1988), S. 652-653 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A simple method for the measurement of the refractive indices of parallel plate samples is described that uses the shift of the interference pattern when rotating the sample in one arm of a Mach–Zehnder interferometer. The theoretical fringe pattern shift is calculated and the accuracy of the method is derived. A typical accuracy of about 10−4 can be achieved at low refractive indices. The method is especially useful when—because of other reasons—the samples are provided as plates or when prisms are difficult to fabricate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1139853
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thick c-axis textured (Tl,Pb)(Ba,Sr)2Ca2Cu3O9/Ag0.37 superconducting tapes by an ink spray pyrolysis method using a Tl-free precursor (1994)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 65 (1994), S. 2472-2474 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In this letter we demonstrate a synthetic route to thick (5–20 μm) highly c-axis textured, nearly phase-pure superconducting (Tl,Pb)(Ba,Sr)2Ca2Cu3O9/Ag0.37 tapes. First, a Tl-free ink consisting of Pb0.5Ba0.4Sr1.6Ca2.0Cu3.0O9/Ag0.37 precursor powder in an ethanolic ethyl cellulose binder is sprayed onto a heated LaAlO3 substrate. After an intermediate oxygen anneal to remove the carbonaceous binder, a static 2-zone thallination anneal is performed to promote superconducting phase formation. Films exhibit excellent c-axis texturing as evidenced by x-ray diffraction θ/2θ and rocking curve characterization with morphological evidence for partial melting by scanning electron microscopy. Electrical characterization of these films give Tc onset values of 106–115 K with Tc zero reached by 99–101 K and transport Jc(77 K) up to 2.9×104 A/cm2. A mixed strong/weak-linked magnetic field dependence is observed for these films at 77 K and 0.4 T. © 1994 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.112711
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Correlation between photoluminescence and oxygen vacancies in ZnO phosphors (1996)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 68 (1996), S. 403-405 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: By combining electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), optical absorption, and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, a strong correlation is observed between the green 510 nm emission, the free-carrier concentration, and the density of singly ionized oxygen vacancies in commercial ZnO phosphor powders. From these results, we demonstrate that free-carrier depletion at the particle surface, and its effect on the ionization state of the oxygen vacancy, can strongly impact the green emission intensity. The relevance of these observations with respect to low-voltage field emission displays is discussed. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.116699
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stability of the interface between indium-tin-oxide and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/poly(styrenesulfonate) in polymer light-emitting diodes (2000)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 77 (2000), S. 2255-2257 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A cause for degradation of polymer light-emitting diodes is the oxidation of the polymer by oxygen diffusing out of the indium-tin-oxide (ITO) anode. This problem can be solved by the introduction of an organic hole-injecting film, poly-(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) doped with poly(styrenesulfonate) (PSS), between the ITO and the emissive polymer. Indeed, a dramatic improvement of the lifetime and also the luminous efficiency has been observed. However, our Rutherford backscattering (RBS) studies show that the ITO/PEDOT:PSS interface is not stable. In as prepared glass/ITO/PEDOT:PSS samples 0.02 at. % indium was found in the PEDOT:PSS film. Annealing in a nitrogen atmosphere at 100 °C during 2500 h increased the indium concentration to 0.2 at. %. Upon exposure to air much faster degradation of the ITO/PEDOT:PSS interface was observed; after several days in air the amount of indium reached a saturation concentration of 1.2 at. %. The degradation of the interface can be explained by etching of the ITO due to the strong acidic nature of PEDOT:PSS. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1315344
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Two-photon excited photon echo in CdS (2000)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 77 (2000), S. 4181-4183 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Time-resolved and integrated degenerated four-wave mixing experiments with two-photon excitation at a wavelength of 600–710 nm on a 30–40 μm thick cadmium sulfide crystal are presented for a temperature range from 5 to 300 K. A photon echo is observed showing quantum beats both at positive and negative delay times τ with a period of 0.7–0.8 ps. The signal decays exponentially with time constants of (approximate)170 fs at τ〉0 and half as large at τ〈0, independent of temperature. The results are discussed in terms of the decay of a high-density gas of e–h pairs, excitons and excitonic molecules highly out of equilibrium. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1335847
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A mass spectrometer system for analysis of polar stratospheric aerosols (2002)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 73 (2002), S. 446-452 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A balloon-borne mass spectrometer system has been flown successfully to determine the chemical composition of polar stratospheric aerosols over northern Scandinavia. The experiment combines an aerodynamic lens which collimates the aerosols into a narrow beam, a small sphere in which they evaporate, and a mass spectrometer for gas analysis. High-speed differential pumping by two liquid helium pumps effectively lowers the presence of ambient gases without affecting the particles of the beam. Field measurements and aerosol studies inside a large cryo-chamber have shown that the concept of particle focusing, evaporation and subsequent mass spectrometric gas analysis is a reliable technique to determine the molecular composition of aerosols especially in polar stratospheric clouds. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1430732
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