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  • Tortricidae  (7)
  • geostatistics  (5)
  • Springer  (12)
  • American Institute of Physics
  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • Springer  (12)
  • American Institute of Physics
  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Lepidoptera ; Tortricidae ; Olethreutinae ; Cydia caryana ; sex pheromone ; electroantennogram ; flight tunnel ; behavior
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Les réponses olfactives antennaires de Cydia caryana, mesurées par électroantennogrammes (EAG), aux alcools et acétates à carbones monounsaturés en positions 12 et 14, ont montré que le système conjugué de double liaison, (E)-8-, (E)-10- du dodecadien-1-ol acétate constitue un composé chimique strutural critique de la phéromone sexuelle de C. caryana. De plus, les acétates: (E)-8-dodecen-1-ol,(Z)-8-dodecen-1-ol,(Z)-9-dodecen-1-ol, et le (Z)-12-tetradecen-1-ol, se sont révélés en AEG comme des composés secondaires de la phéromone. L'étude par AEG de la relation dose-réponse a conduit à l'hypothèse de deux catégories de populations de récepteurs de phéromones. L'analyse comportementale des résponses des papillons mâles dans le tunnel de vol aux composés qui ont provoqués les plus forts AEG, on fait estimer que les acétates (E,E)-8,10-dodécadien-1-ol et (Z)-9-dodecen-1-ol ressemblent (ou sont) les constituants de la phéromone sexuelle de C. caryana; tandis que les (Z)-8-dodecen-1-ol et (E)-10-dodecen-1-ol sont, soit des paraphéromones, soit des constituants mineurs de la phéromone. La signification biologique du (Z)-12-tétradécen-1-ol a été difficile à interprêter avec les expériences en tunnel de vol.
    Notes: Abstract Electroantennogram (EAG) measurement of male Cydia caryana moth antennal olfactory response to monounsaturated 12 and 14 carbon alcohols and acetates indicated that the (E)-8-, (E)-10- conjugated double bond system of a dodecadien-1-ol acetate is a critical chemical structural component of the C. caryana sex pheromone. Additionally, EAG measurements implicated (E)-8-dodecen-1-ol acetate, (Z)-8-dodecen-1-ol acetate, (Z)-9-dodecen-1-ol acetate and (Z)-12-tetradecen-1-ol as potential minor pheromonal components. An EAG dosage-response study suggested that there were at least two heterologous populations of pheromone acceptors. Behavioral analysis of male moth response in a flight tunnel to compounds which evoked the stronger EAG responses suggested that (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol acetate and (Z)-9-dodecen-1-ol acetate resemble or are C. caryana sex pheromonal components, while (Z)-8-dodecen-1-ol acetate and (E)-10-dodecen-1-ol acetate are either parapheromones or are minor pheromone components. Behavioral significance of (Z)-12-tetradecen-1-ol was difficult to interpret in the flight tunnel.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mathematical geology 22 (1990), S. 573-588 
    ISSN: 1573-8868
    Keywords: classification ; regionalization ; Bayes' theorem ; geostatistics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract The concept of multivariate classification of “geological objects” can be combined with the concept of regionalized variables to yield a procedure for typification of geological objects, such as rock units, well records, or samples. Numerical classification is followed by subdivision of the area of investigation, and culminates in a regionalization or mapping of the classification onto the plane. Regions are subdivisions of the map area which are spatially contiguous and relatively homogeneous in their geological properties. The probability of correct classification of each point within a region as being part of that region can be assessed in terms of Bayesian probability as a space-dependent function. The procedure is applied to subsurface data from western Kansas. The geologic properties used are quantitative variables, and relationships are expressed by Mahalanobis' distances. These functions could be replaced by other metrics if qualitative or binary data derived from geological descriptions or appraisals were included in the analysis.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mathematical geology 11 (1979), S. 643-653 
    ISSN: 1573-8868
    Keywords: geostatistics ; variogram estimation ; sampling distributions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract For equally spaced observations from a one-dimensional, stationary, Gaussian random function, the characteristic function of the usual variogram estimator $$\hat \gamma k$$ for a fixed lag k is derived. Because the characteristic function and the probability density function form a Fourier integral pair, it is possible to tabulate the sampling distribution of a function of a $$\hat \gamma k$$ using either analytic or numerical methods. An example of one such tabulation is given for an underlying model that is simple transitive.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mathematical geology 19 (1987), S. 91-98 
    ISSN: 1573-8868
    Keywords: geostatistics ; kriging ; conditional simulation ; fast Fourier transform
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract This paper reviews the turning band method and fast Fourier transform method of producing a nonconditional simulation of a multinormal random function with a given covariance structure. A review of the two common methods of conditioning the simulation to honor the data shows that they are formally equivalent. Another method for directly pondering a conditional simulation based on the LU triangular decomposition of the covariance matrix is presented. Computational and implementation difficulties are discussed.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mathematical geology 16 (1984), S. 249-265 
    ISSN: 1573-8868
    Keywords: kriging ; moving neighborhood ; global neighborhood ; geostatistics ; automatic contouring
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract The kriging estimator is usually computed in a moving neighborhood; only the data near the point to be estimated are used. This moving neighborhood approach creates discontinuities in mapping applications. An alternative approach is presented here, whereby all points are estimated using all the available data. To solve the resulting large linear system the kriging estimator is expressed in terms of the inverse of the covariance matrix. The covariance matrix has the advantage of being positive definite and the size of system which can be solved without encountering numerical instability is substantially increased. Because the kriging matrix does not change, the estimator can be written in terms of scalar products, thus avoiding the more time-consuming matrix multiplications of the standard approach. In the particular case of a covariance which is zero for distances greater than a fixed value (the range), the resulting banded structure of the covariance matrix is shown to lead to substantial computational savings in both run time and storage space. In this case the calculation time for the kriging variance is also substantially reduced. The present method is extended to the nonstationary case.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Mathematical geology 19 (1987), S. 99-107 
    ISSN: 1573-8868
    Keywords: geostatistics ; simulation ; Toeplitz matrices ; block Toeplitz matrices ; matrix polynomial approximation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract An algorithm for producing a nonconditional simulation by multiplying the square root of the covariance matrix by a random vector is described. First, the square root of a matrix (or a function of a matrix in general) is defined. The square root of the matrix can be approximated by a minimax matrix polynomial. The block Toeplitz structure of the covariance matrix is used to minimize storage. Finally, multiplication of the block Toeplitz matrix by the random vector can be evaluated as a convolution using the fast Fourier transform. This results in an algorithm which is not only efficient in terms of storage and computation but also easy to implement.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 10 (1984), S. 53-61 
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Melissopus latiferreanus ; Lepidoptera ; Tortricidae ; Olethreutinae ; filbertworm ; sex pheromone ; sex attractant ; (E,E)-8 ; 10-dodecadien-1-ol acetate ; (E,Z)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol acetate ; conjugated diene isomerization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract (E,E)- and (E,Z)-8,10-Dodecadien-1-ol acetates were identified in a 1∶4.3 ratio in the extract of abdominal tips of female filbert-worm moths,Melissopus latiferreanus (Walsingham). The identifications were based on electroantennogram (EAG) analysis, gas chromatography, mass spectrometry, ozonolysis, and synthesis. TheE,Z isomer produced the stronger EAG response. In the field tests of various ratios ofE,E∶E,Z, the ratio found in the extract captured the most males. The pureE,E isomer initially was not attractive by itself (〈0.1%E,Z) but became attractive after a few days, presumably because of isomerization. TheE, Z isomer (〈0.1%E,E) was attractive initially, but this compound might have isomerized faster than theE,E isomer. A study of the isomerization showed that regardless of the initial mixture of 8,10-dodecadien-1-ol acetate isomers, almost complete equilibration existed after one month. The equilibrium mixture consisted of 9%Z8,E10, 65%E8,E10, 23%E8,Z10, and 3%Z8,Z10. Concentrations in rubber septa (1∶4 ratio ofE,E toE,Z) of 0.03–3.0 mg/septum produced equivalent trap catches.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Sex pheromone ; sex attractant ; Cydia caryana ; Lepidoptera ; Tortricidae ; Olethreutinae ; (Z)-8-dodecen-1-ol acetate ; (E)-9-dodecen-1-ol acetate ; dodecanol acetate ; (E, E)-8 ; 10-dodecadien-1-ol acetate ; (E, Z)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol acetate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Extracts of the sex pheromone glands of femaleCydia caryana were evaluated by electroantennography and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. These studies suggested the following compounds were potential sex pheromone components: (Z)-8- and/or (E)-9-dodecenyl acetate (50 pg/female), dodecyl acetate (40 pg/female), and (E, E)-8,10-dodecadienyl acetate (25 pg/female). In field tests only the diene produced trap catch, and when the other components were added to the diene, trap catch was not increased. When the diene was formulated in red natural rubber septa, only transient and low catches were obtained, but when gray halobutyl isoprene elastomeric septa were used, high and consistent catches were obtained for eight weeks. Catches depended on the ratio of (E, E)-8,10 to (E, Z)-8,10 isomers. High catches were obtained for anEE toEZ ratio of 100 ∶ 0.6, and insignificant catches were obtained when the ratio was 100 ∶ 3. Equivalent catches were obtained for dosages of 50, 100, and 200 μg/septum.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 20 (1994), S. 171-181 
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Codling moth ; Cydia pomonella ; Lepidoptera ; Tortricidae ; communication disruption ; mating disruption ; sex pheromone ; (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol ; (E,Z)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol ; (Z,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol ; dodecan-1-ol ; tetradecan-1-ol
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract In a small section of an apple orchard, six traps were placed each in control and test areas and baited with live virgin female codling moths. Gray elastomer septa were used to dispense communication disruptants around the traps. Dyed male codling moths were released in control and test areas, and the numbers of males captured in control and test traps were compared. In 1991, linear regression curves of percent communication disruption versus logarithm of dose were obtained for three compositions: (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol, codlemone (1); codlemone + dodecan-1-ol + tetradecan-1-ol (2); and an equilibrium mixture of the four isomers of 8,10-dodecadien-1-ol (30, (61%EE, 14%ZE, 20%EZ, and 5%ZZ). All three regressions gaver 2 values greater than 0.90. At the 95% confidence limits, slopes and intercepts of compositions 1 and 2 were equivalent, and different from that of composition 3, which produced the greatest percentages of disruption at all doses. In 1992, five treatments were compared at a single dose: 1, 3, none (4), (Z,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol (5), (E,Z)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol (6). Compositions 5 and 6 gave the greatest and similar percentages of disruption and were different from codlemone (1) and 4 (95% confidence), but not from composition 3. Communication disruption produced by composition 3 was greater than (codlemone), which was greater than 4.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Western avocado leafroller ; Amorbia cuneana ; sex pheromone ; Tortricidae ; (E,E)- and (E,Z)-10,12-tetradecadien-1-ol acetate ; Lepidoptera
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The major volatile components in the extract of the female sex pheromone gland ofAmorbia cuneana consisted of (E,E)- and (E,Z)-10,12-tetradecadien-1-ol acetates. The identification was based on electroantennogram bioassay of gas Chromatographic effluent from sex pheromone gland extract, relative retention times on polar and nonpolar gas chromatographic columns, chemical degradation (ozonolysis, saponification), mass spectrometry, chemical synthetic methods, and field tests. Based on mass spectrometry and retention times by capillary gas chromatography, traces of (E)-10-tetradecen-1-ol acetate and 1-tetradecanol acetate were also present in the extract. Traps baited with a combination of synthetic (E,E)- and (E,Z)-10,12-tetradecadien-1-ol acetates caught more males than did traps baited with females.
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