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  • Embryo, Nonmammalian/physiology  (1)
  • Feedback  (1)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (2)
  • 1
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 1989-04-07
    Description: Developing Retzius (Rz) neurons in different segments of the central nervous system of the medicinal leech have different peripheral targets: Rz cells in standard segments innervate the body wall, whereas Rz cells in the reproductive segments innervate reproductive tissue. Early removal of reproductive tissue primordia causes reproductive Rz cells to develop morphologically like their standard segmental homologs, suggesting that Rz cells depend on peripheral targets for signals that determine their central and peripheral morphology. Furthermore, after removal of reproductive tissue, reproductive Rz cells also receive synaptic inputs normally appropriate for standard Rz cells. These results suggest that the functional identity of these neurons is specified by the target they contact during embryogenesis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Loer, C M -- Kristan, W B Jr -- GM07313/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- NS20746/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Apr 7;244(4900):64-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2704990" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Animals ; Central Nervous System/physiology ; Embryo, Nonmammalian/physiology ; Ganglia/physiology ; Leeches/growth & development/*physiology ; Neurons/physiology ; Synapses/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 1978-06-23
    Description: The swimming movement of the leech is produced by an ensemble of bilaterally symmetric, rhythmically active pairs of motor neurons present in each segmental ganglion of the ventral nerve cord. These motor neurons innervate the longitudinal muscles in dorsal or ventral sectors of the segmental body wall. Their duty cycles are phase-locked in a manner such that the dorsal and ventral body wall sectors of any given segment undergo an antiphasic contractile rhythm and that the contractile rhythms of different segments form a rostrocaudal phase progression. This activity rhythm is imposed on the motor neurons by a central swim oscillator, of which four bilaterally symmetric pairs of interneurons present in each segmental ganglion appear to constitute the major component. These interneurons are linked intra- and intersegmentally via inhibitory connections to form a segmentally iterated and inter-segmentally concatenated cyclic neuronal network. The network appears to owe its oscillatory activity pattern to the mechanism of recurrent cyclic inhibition.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Stent, G S -- Kristan, W B Jr -- Friesen, W O -- Ort, C A -- Poon, M -- Calabrese, R L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1978 Jun 23;200(4348):1348-57.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/663615" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Animals ; Feedback ; Interneurons/physiology ; Leeches/*physiology ; *Locomotion ; Membrane Potentials ; Motor Neurons/physiology ; Muscles/physiology ; Nerve Net/*physiology ; *Nervous System Physiological Phenomena ; Periodicity ; Proprioception ; Reflex/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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