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  • Physics  (296)
  • BIOSCIENCES  (292)
  • BIOTECHNOLOGY  (275)
  • ASTROPHYSICS
  • 1970-1974  (904)
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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Normal coordinate analysis of cis-1,4-polybutadiene (1974)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Physics Edition 12 (1974), S. 445-454 
    Details
    ISSN: 0098-1273
    Schlagwort(e): Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: The fundamental vibrational frequencies of an isolated chain of cis-1,4-polybutadiene have been calculated. Infrared and polarized Raman data are used in the force constant refinement routine. The assignments of the vibrational frequencies are discussed in terms of the potential energy distribution.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1974.180120301
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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    Artikel (Nationallizenzen)
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Cationic starch-polyacrylonitrile graft copolymer latexesPresented at the 8th Great Lakes Regional Meeting, American Chemical Society, West Lafayette, Indiana, June 3-5, 1974. (1974)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 12 (1974), S. 2683-2692 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Schlagwort(e): Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Acrylonitrile (AN) was graft-polymerized onto gelatinized cationic starch (CS) possessing diethylaminoethyl ether groups by cerium (IV) initiation to give stable latexlike copolymer dispersions. Dispersions of the latex copolymers, having up to 50% grafted polyacrylonitrile (PAN), air- and heat-dry on glass to clear, adhesive films. Sonification of up to 8% dispersions at 20 Khz reduced their viscosities from 1500-3000 cP to 15-40 cP. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that both nonsonified and sonified dispersions consist of ball-like particles measuring about 0.05-0.15 μ in diameter when dry. The films are formed by coalescence of these particles. The degree to which AN grafts onto CS at ambient temperature is related to the nitrogen content of CS, gelatinization time of CS at 95°C, sequence of AN and cerium(IV) addition, concentration of cerium (IV), concentration of AN, and severity of reaction agitation. Number-average molecular weight values of PAN were about 106 when grafting was conducted under stirring and about 5 × 105 when conducted under shaking action.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1974.170121122
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Organometallic polymers. XXV. Preparation of polyvinylferrocene (1973)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 11 (1973), S. 1213-1224 
    Details
    ISSN: 0360-6376
    Schlagwort(e): Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The synthetic details of solution polymerization in benzene and bulk polymerization of vinylferrocene are reported. In benzene solutions, with azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as the initiator, small yields of low-polydispersity low molecular weight (M̄n ≃ 5000) polyvinylferrocene is obtained. However, high yields can be obtained by continuous or multiple AIBN addition. Higher molecular weight polymers and binodal polymers can be obtained as the monomer concentration is increased. In bulk polymerizations, yields of 80% can be obtained. The molecular weight increases as temperature decreases from 80 to 60°C in bulk polymerizations, and an increasing amount of insoluble polymer results. The soluble portion is often binodal, the higher molecular weight node consisting of an increasingly branched structure. Lower molecular weight polymer was readily fractionated into narrow fractions from benzene-methanol systems, but higher molecular weight polymer proved impossible to fractionate into narrow fractions due to branching.
    Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1973.170110609
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  • 4
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    Unbekannt
    Shuttle- Life support, protective systems, and crew system interface technology (1971)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2011-08-16
    Beschreibung: Space shuttle life support, protective and crew system interfaces, discussing food and waste management and accident procedures
    Schlagwort(e): BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Materialart: ; VUE SCIENTIFIQUE ET
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 5
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    Circadian variations in presumably healthy men under conditions of peace-time army reserve unit training. (1973)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-06-27
    Schlagwort(e): BIOSCIENCES
    Materialart: Space Life Sciences; 4; Apr. 197
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 6
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    Optimization of life support systems and their systems reliability (1971)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-07-13
    Beschreibung: The identification, analysis, and optimization of life support systems and subsystems have been investigated. For each system or subsystem that has been considered, the procedure involves the establishment of a set of system equations (or mathematical model) based on theory and experimental evidences; the analysis and simulation of the model; the optimization of the operation, control, and reliability; analysis of sensitivity of the system based on the model; and, if possible, experimental verification of the theoretical and computational results. Research activities include: (1) modeling of air flow in a confined space; (2) review of several different gas-liquid contactors utilizing centrifugal force: (3) review of carbon dioxide reduction contactors in space vehicles and other enclosed structures: (4) application of modern optimal control theory to environmental control of confined spaces; (5) optimal control of class of nonlinear diffusional distributed parameter systems: (6) optimization of system reliability of life support systems and sub-systems: (7) modeling, simulation and optimal control of the human thermal system: and (8) analysis and optimization of the water-vapor eletrolysis cell.
    Schlagwort(e): BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Materialart: NASA-CR-136276
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 7
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    Body water compartments during bed rest: Evaluation of analytical methods (1973)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2019-06-27
    Beschreibung: Nine healthy young men were studied to determine the reproducibility and interchangeability of the use of radio-iodinated human serum albumin and Evans Blue dye for estimating plasma volume, sodium bromide for extracellular fluid volume, and deuterium oxide for total body water volume. All subjects were tested in a semibasal condition and allowed to rest for at least 30 min. after arriving at the laboratory. The results indicate that there was uniform distribution of I131 and Evans Blue dye 10 min. after injection and of NaBr and D2O 3 hours after oral ingestion; the buildup of residual tracer did not interfere appreciably with the measurement of either or Evans Blue spaces when they are administered at equal intervals, and the buildup of background tracer after ingestion of NaBr and D2O once per week for three consecutive weeks did not affect the accuracy of the measurement. It was found that I131 and Evans Blue may be used interchangeably for estimating plasma volume; for estimating bromide and D2O spaces, one 3-hour equilibrium blood sample gives results similar to the extrapolation of multiple samples.
    Schlagwort(e): BIOTECHNOLOGY
    Materialart: NASA-TR-R-406 , A-4656
    Format: application/pdf
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Crystallization kinetics of dilute polyethylene solutions (1970)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 8 (1970), S. 869-882 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Schlagwort(e): Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: The crystallization kinetics of a high molecular weight fraction of linear polyethylene was studied in dilute solutions of p-xylene, n-hexadecane, and decalin by dilatometric methods. For all solvents and temperatures, the experimental isotherms could be quantitatively described by the Avrami formulation for the complete transformation. This result is unique in the realm of polymer crystallization, since marked deviations from this theory are usually observed in more concentrated systems. The Avrami exponent is found to be n = 4 in all cases. The temperature coefficients of the rate constants are indicative of a nucleation controlled process. The data fit either a two-dimensional or three-dimensional nucleation mode, and a discrimination can not be made between these two cases. The interfacial free energies are found to be independent of the solvent medium. It is also shown that, irrespective of the type of nucleation control governing the kinetics, the same type governs the crystallite thickness of the lamella-like crystals that are formed.
    Zusätzliches Material: 8 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1970.160080604
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Fracture behavior in nylon 6 fibers (1972)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 10 (1972), S. 1415-1445 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Schlagwort(e): Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: A reaction rate model of fracture in polymer fibers is described. This model assumes that bond rupture is governed by absolute reaction rate theory with a stress-aided activation energy. It is demonstrated that the key in obtaining good agreement between the model and experiment lies in taking proper account of the variation of stress on the tie-chain molecules. The more taut chains rupture first, and the load is redistributed among the remaining unruptured tie chains. The effect of varying the temperature both in the model and in experiments on fracture in fibers is explored. Good agreement between predictions of the model and experiment is possible only with an undeterstanding of the distribution in stress on the tie chains. The distribution in stress on the chains was experimentally determined by monitoring the kinetics of bond rupture with electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. Temperature is found to have two effects on macroscopic strength. (1) The thermal energy aids the atomic stress in breaking the atomic bonds; as a consequence the rate of bond rupture of a family of bonds under a given molecular stress is increased. In this respect temperature might be viewed as decreasing the “strength” of a bond. (2) Temperature also serves to “loosen” the molecular structure and in this way modify the distribution in stress on the tie chains. To explain bond rupture and macroscopic fracture behavior quantitatively, account must be taken of both effects.
    Zusätzliches Material: 13 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1972.160100802
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    EPR studies of mechanically induced bond rupture in elastomersPaper presented at the Symposium on Mechano-Chemistry of Polymers, American Chemical Society National Meeting, Washington, D. C., September 16, 1971. (1972)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 10 (1972), S. 599-606 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Schlagwort(e): Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Notizen: Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy was used to compute the surface bond rupture density in polyurethane and to determine the phase experiencing fracture in styrene-butadiene block copolymers when these elastomers are subjected to mechanical degradation by grinding. The polyurethane grinding was done at temperatures above and below the glass transition Tg; 0.155 × 1013 radicals/cm2 of fracture surface area were formed above the Tg and 4.42 × 1013 radicals/cm2 for grinding below the Tg. These values are essentially equal to those found earlier for spherulitic polymers. In all cases the fracture appears able to progress along preferential paths so as to rupture significantly fewer molecular chains than one would expect on the basis of calculations of the number of chains passing through each square centimeter of cross section. Comparison of EPR spectra formed by grinding styrene-butadiene copolymer with those of styrene and butadiene above indicated that at cryogenic temperature, the fracture in the copolymer takes place in the butadiene phase.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1972.160100403
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