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  • METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY  (25)
  • FLUID MECHANICS AND HEAT TRANSFER  (9)
  • OCEANOGRAPHY  (6)
  • AERODYNAMICS  (5)
  • Grapholitha molesta  (3)
  • Isoptera
  • 1980-1984  (50)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
Years
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sex pheromone dosage and blend specificity of response by oriental fruit moth males (1981)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 30 (1981), S. 269-279 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Grapholitha molesta ; oriental fruit moth ; sex pheromone-mediated behavior ; attraction ; arrestment ; (Z)-8-dodecenyl acetate ; (E)-8-dodecenyl acetate ; (Z)-8-dodecenyl alcohol
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Das Sexualverhalten männlicher Falter des Pfirsichtriebwicklers, Grapholitha molesta (Busck), gegenüber verschiedenen Dosierungen und Mischungen von (Z)-8- und (E)-8-Dodecenylacetat wurde untersucht. Ein stetiger Aufwindflug, der zum Auffinden der Duftquelle führte, konnte nur im mittleren Dosierungs- und Mischungsbereich beobachtet werden. Ausserhalb dieses Optimums war die Dosierung offenbar entweder zu hoch oder zu niedrig, um eine deutliche Anlockung, d.h. einen gerichteten Flug innerhalb der Duftfahne zu bewirken; bei hoher Konzentration näherten sich die Tiere der Quelle nur auf bestimmte Distanz (arrestment). Freilandversuche mit Fallen führten zu ähnlichen Ergebnissen, nur dass dort das Dosierungsoptimum bei ca. zehnmal höheren Werten lag als in den Versuchen im Windkanal. Der bei hohen Mengen an E-Isomer (hohe Dosis oder hohes E/Z-verhältnis) beobachtete Arrestment-Effekt könnte auf Erhöhung der Drehbewegungen oder Verringerung der Fluggeschwindigkeit zurückzuführen sein.
    Notes: Abstract The sex pheromone-mediated responses of male oriental fruit moths, Grapholitha molesta (Busck), to an array of blends and dosages of Z8-12Ac and E8-12:Ac, were analyzed. Males exhibited sustained upwind flight resulting in source location only to intermediate blends and dosages. This optimal range of treatments appeared to be bounded by dosages too low or too high to result in significant attraction (net within-plume displacement toward the source), the higher concentrations causing arrestment (no net within-plume displacement) at some distance from the source. Similar results were obtained in field-trapping studies with the same treatments, except that the optimal dosages were moved up about 10-fold. Increased turning and decreased linear velocity could account for arrestment with increasing amounts of the (E) isomer in high dosages and high (E)/(Z) ratio blends.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00347707
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Soldier-specific chemicals of the termiteCurvitermes strictinasus Mathews (Isoptera, Nasutitermitinae) (1981)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 7 (1981), S. 127-133 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Isoptera ; Nasutitermitinae ; isolation ; identification ; Curvitermes strictinasus (Mathews) ; defense secretion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The defense secretion of the soldier termites ofCurvitermes strictinasus Mathews has been analyzed. Seven components have been isolated and identified, including limonene, terpinolene,p-cymen-8-ol, tridecan-2-one, tridecen-2-onecis,trans-farnesal, andtrans,trans-farnesal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00988640
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hairpencil pheromone components of male oriental fruit moths,Grapholitha molesta (1982)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 8 (1982), S. 947-959 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Hairpencil ; pheromone ; Grapholitha molesta ; Lipidoptera ; Tortricidae ; Oriental fruit moth ; ethyltrans-cinnamate ; mellein ; methyl jasmonate ; methyl 2-epijasmonate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract MaleGrapholitha molesta hairpencil components are ethyltrans-cinnamate, mellein, methyl jasmonate, and methyl 2-epijasmonate. The natural behavioral effect elicited by hairpencil-displaying males during courtship in attracting sex-pheromone-releasing females from several centimeters away can be duplicated by mixtures of ethyltrans-cinnamate in various combinations with the other components.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00987661
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chemical composition of the frontal gland secretion ofSyntermes soldiers (Isoptera, Termitidae) (1981)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 7 (1981), S. 135-145 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Isoptera ; Nasutitermitinae ; Syntermes species ; defensive secretion ; isolation ; identification ; terpenoid compounds
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The defensive secretions from the frontal glands of soldier termites of the genusSyntermes contain similar mixtures of mono- and sesquiterpene hydrocarbons. The major components inS. dirus, S. molestus, S. brevimalatus, S. peruanus, and a new species (Syntermes sp. n), iscis-β-ocimene. A substantial amount of aristolochene is found inSyntermes sp. n. and is present at lower levels in all the other species;S. brevimalatus contains onlycis-β-ocimene and aristolochene. The four other species also contain minor amounts of epi-α-selinene and germacrene A. The latter compound has been identified on the basis of its rearrangement product β-elemene. The termiteS. grandis differed markedly from the otherSyntermes species in that no terpenoid components were found in the soldier extract. With the obvious exception ofS. grandis, the same soldier-specific mono- and sesquiterpenes occurred in all species. The total amount of secretion per unit weight of soldiers varies with the species and is inversely proportional to the development of the mandibular apparatus. InS. molestus smaller gland size is compensated for by a greater number of soldiers foraging trails.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00988641
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oriental fruit moth pheromone component emission rates measured after collection by glass-surface adsorption (1980)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 6 (1980), S. 749-758 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Oriental fruit moth ; Grapholitha molesta ; pheromone release rate ; airborne collection ; (Z)-8-dodecenyl acetate ; (Z)-8-dodecenyl alcohol
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract We collected and quantified both synthetic and natural Oriental fruit moth [Grapholitha molesta (Busck)] sex pheromone components in 250-ml round-bottom flasks by hexane rinsing of compounds adsorbed on the glass walls. This simple procedure collected 100% of the pheromone evaporated inside the flask and was useful for quantifying both nanogram and microgram amounts of emitted pheromone. Emission rates of (Z)-8-dodecenyl acetate from 1000, 100, and 10 μg-loaded rubber septa were 219, 12, and 1.2 ng/hr, respectively.G. molesta females emitted this component at 3.2 ng/hr, close to the emission rate from a 10 μg-loaded septum, which evokes “long-range” and “close-range” behaviors in the male. The corresponding alcohol, (Z)-8-dodecenyl alcohol, was emitted from rubber septa ca. 3 times faster than the acetate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00990399
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  • 6
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    A case study of the sensitivity of forecast skill to data and data analysis techniques (1983)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: A series of experiments have been conducted to examine the sensitivity of forecast skill to various data and data analysis techniques for the 0000 GMT case of January 21, 1979. These include the individual components of the FGGE observing system, the temperatures obtained with different satellite retrieval methods, and the method of vertical interpolation between the mandatory pressure analysis levels and the model sigma levels. It is found that NESS TIROS-N infrared retrievals seriously degrade a rawinsonde-only analysis over land, resulting in a poorer forecast over North America. Less degradation in the 72-hr forecast skill at sea level and some improvement at 500 mb is noted, relative to the control with TIROS-N retrievals produced with a physical inversion method which utilizes a 6-hr forecast first guess. NESS VTPR oceanic retrievals lead to an improved forecast over North America when added to the control.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
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  • 7
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    An assessment of the FGGE satellite observing system during SOP-1 (1982)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: The sensitivity of a Goddard Laboratory for Atmospheric Sciences global objective analysis cycle to the addition of FGGE level II-b data is assessed. The GOAS system comprises a predictive continuity provided by a model first-guess forecast integrated from a previous forecast and updated by data gathered in the interim. FGGE data originated in the Jan.-Mar. 1979 period and were acquired by rawinsondes, pilot balloons, surface stations, satellites, ships, and drifting buoys deployed during SOP-1. Focussing on 2-5 and 8-day forecasts, comparisons were made of the 6 hr forecast error at the 300 mb height in three experiments using all, no-satellite (NOSAT), and without rawinsondes or pilot balloons modes. Larger errors occurred in the case of NOSAT, while significant corrections to the GOAS predictions were noted using all the FGGE data. It was concluded that all forecasts were improved by inclusion of full FGGE data sets, including forecasting beyond one week.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: American Meteorological Society; vol. 63
    Format: text
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  • 8
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    Numerical prediction of the monsoon depression of 5-7 July 1979 (1981)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: A well defined monsoon depression was used for two assimilation and forecast experiments: (1) using conventional surface and upper air data, (2) using these data plus Monex data. The data sets were assimilated and used with a general circulation model to make numerical predictions. The model, the analysis and assimilation procedure, the differences in the analyses due to different data inputs, and the differences in the numerical predictions are described. The MONEX data have a positive impact, although the differences after 24 hr are not significant. The MONEX assimilation does not agree with manual analysis location of depression center. The 2.5 x 3 deg horizontal resolution of the prediction model is too coarse. The assimilation of geopotential height data derived from satellite soundings generated gravity waves with amplitudes similar to the meteorologically significant features investigated.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: WMO Intern. Conf. on Early Results of FGGE and Large-Scale Aspects of its Monsoon Expt.; 8 p
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  • 9
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    The role of zonally asymmetric heating in the vertical and temporal structure of the global scale flow fields during FGGE SOP-1 (1981)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: By examining the vertical structure of the low order spherical harmonics of the divergence and vorticity fields, the relative contribution of tropical and monsoonal circulations upon the global wind fields was estimated. This indicates that the overall flow over North America and the Pacific between January and February is quite distinct both in the lower and upper troposphere. In these longitudes there is a stronger tropical overturning and subtropical jet stream in January than February. The divergent flow reversed between 850 and 200 mb. Poleward rotational flow at upper levels is associated with an equatorward rotational flow at low levels. This suggests that the monsoon and other tropical circulations project more amplitude upon low order (global scale) representations of the flow than do the typical midlatitude circulations and that their structures show conspicuous changes on a time scale of a week or less.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: WMO Intern. Conf. on Early Results of FGGE and Large-Scale Aspects of its Monsoon Expt.; 9 p
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  • 10
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    Numerical prediction of the monsoon depression of 5-7 July, 1979 (1981)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-18
    Description: The objective analysis and assimilation procedure with the FGGE/MONEX data are described. Numerical predictions with the GLAS general circulation model were made from the two initial conditions arrived at by assimilating the two different data sets. The model, the analysis and assimilation procedure, the differences in the analyses due to different data inputs, and the differences in the numerical prediction of monsoon depressions are outlined.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
    Type: Modeling and Simulation Facility: Res. Rev., 1980 - 1981; p 223-230
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