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  • Chemistry  (14)
  • Cell & Developmental Biology  (4)
  • 5′-Nucleotidase  (1)
  • 1980-1984  (19)
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Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure and properties of a polyelectrolyte complex consisting of the three materials. [2-(diethylamino)ethyl]dextran hydrochloride, sodium dextran sulfate, and poly(styrene sulfonate) (1982)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 183 (1982), S. 2153-2162 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: [2-(Diethylamino)ethyl]dextran hydrochloride (EA) was reacted with a mixture of sodium dextran sulfate (DS) and poly(styrene sulfonate) (NaSS) to form a novel water-water precipitate, a so-so polyelectrolyte complex (PEC), comprising three biomedical materials. The mole ratios of (DS + NaSS)/EA in PEC's prepared at higher [H+] were greater than at lower [H+] except for those PEC's prepared in 5% NaOH solution. IR, elemental analyses, solubility measurements, and blood clotting tests for PEC's revealed that the molecular structure of the various PEC's differed according to the [H+], order of mixing in solution, though all PEC's were prepared from the same starting materials. It appears that the degree of dissociation and the conformation of DS, NaSS, and EA change with [H+] and that a different neutralization reaction occured in terms of different order of mixing. Blood clotting tests were performed on PEC tablets. It was found that PEC's suppressed the coagulation of blood compared with glass.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1982.021830912
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis of AB and BAB poly(styrene-b-4-vinylpyridine) and solution properties of their quaternized compounds (1982)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 183 (1982), S. 3099-3107 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Well-definded AB and BAB poly(styrene(S)-b-4-vinylpyridine(4VP))s were prepared by anionic polymerization in tetrahydrofuran (THF) at -78°C. Quaternization of these block copolymers was carried out with methyl iodide and P4VP blocks were completely quaternized. The emulsifying effect, viscosity behavior, and binding of methyl orange to the quaternized compounds are discussed in detail from a view-point of sequential arrangements.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1982.021831222
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cytological study of the cellular changes after transection of the proximal radix of the rat trigeminal ganglion (1983)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 176 (1983), S. 155-169 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Cytological changes following transection of the proximal root of the trigeminal ganglion in adult rats were assessed by light and electron microscopy. Radices were transected about 3-5 mm from the ganglia and animals were killed from 1 to 60 days after the operation. Light microscopically, it was found that all Nissl granules became uniformly stained and evenly distributed throughout the cytoplasm within 3 days. Three types of cell alteration involving Nissl granules occurred within 3 to 12 days after the operation: (1) chromatolysis, (2) dark staining of the cytoplasm accompanied by an increase of Nissl granules, and (3) faint staining of the cytoplasm accompanied by dispersion of Nissl granules. Electron microscopically, the chromatolysis pattern was characterized by peripheral concentration of the granular endoplasmic reticulum (gER) and ribosomes in the cytoplasm. Neurons of the darkstaining type showed an increased number of polysomal complexes throughout the cytoplasm, whereas those of the faint-staining type had diffusely dispersed cisternae of the gER which were shortened and bore reduced numbers of attached ribosomes. Perinuclear localization of profiles of Golgi complexes disappeared temporarily 1-3 days after the operation, but the normal perinuclear pattern appeared to return after 1 week. Enzyme histochemistry of acid phosphatase activity revealed an increase in the number of very fine reaction products in the cytoplasm up to 14 days following the operation. Cells recovered the normal pattern of Nissl staining by 48 days. Myelin figures, which are rarely observed in normal ganglia, were still observed in dense lysosomal bodies after 30 days. Nuclear size in affected neurons steadily increased up to about 2 weeks postoperation but returned to normal by 48 days.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051760205
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A comparative ultrastructural study of the trigeminal ganglion in the rat and chicken (1983)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 175 (1983), S. 101-113 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The neurons of the trigeminal ganglia of the rat and chicken were characterized by means of light microscopic, electron microscopic, and histochemical methods. Light microscopy disclosed four types of neurons, based on the characteristics of Nissl granules: (1) large neurons with diffusely distributed and very fine granules, (2) neurons containing coarse and sparsely distributed Nissl granules, (3) neurons containing dense Nissl granules of varying size, and (4) small neurons with granules concentrated peripherally. Electron microscopy allowed further definition of these four types of neurons by the length and arrangement of flattened cisterns of granular endoplasmic reticulum (gER) and the number of neurofilaments. Type 1 cells were largest, with a mean nuclear area of 139.8 ± 28.3 μm2. Type 4 cells were smallest, with a mean nuclear area of 74.6 ± 20.9 μm2. The mean nuclear areas of type 2 and 3 cells were intermediate to those of the type 1 and 4 cells. Type 3 and 4 neurons lacked neurofilaments. Four forms of Golgi apparatus were found: (1) large bent grains forming a network throughout the soma, (2) dispersed fine granular deposits, (3) fine or small granules, and (4) coarse bent deposits arranged confluently in the perinuclear zone. In some rat neurons, the concentration of acid phosphatase reaction products suggested a high enzymatic activity, whereas the chicken ganglion cells showed no such concentration. These findings are discussed and compared with the classifications of previous studies.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051750110
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ESR study of radiation-induced polymerization of styrene adsorbed on silica gel (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 27 (1982), S. 1259-1268 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The effect of the specific surface area of silica gels on the radiation-induced polymerization of styrene adsorbed on silica gel was studied by ESR. The same radicals were generated on the silica gels regardless of the specific surface area, but the stability of the radicals at room temperature depended on the specific surface area. This means that the decay of the radicals proceeded mainly on the surface of the silica gel. Almost all the radicals generated by irradiation were initially in the bulk of the silica gel and migrated from the interior to the surface of the gel. When styrene monomer was adsorbed on the surface of the silica gel, the silica gel radicals interacted with the monomer and initiated polymerization and then generated polymer. The rate of migration of the silica gel radical was rather fast in the case of silica gel with a large specific surface area. Thus, the polymerization behavior of styrene adsorbed on silica gel greatly depended on the specific surface area of the gel.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1982.070270415
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A histochemical study of variations in the localization of 5′-nucleotidase activity in the acinar cell of the rat exocrine pancreas over the twenty-four hour period (1983)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 230 (1983), S. 411-420 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Pancreas (rat) ; Acinar cells ; 5′-Nucleotidase ; Circadian variation ; Cytochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The circadian variation of 5′-nucleotidase (AMPase) activity was studied in rat pancreatic exocrine cells. The localization of this enzyme, often associated with the plasmalemma, was studied by ultracytochemical methods at six time points over the 24-h period. The localization of AMPase activity exhibited a clear-cut circadian variation. During the light span strong activity was observed on the luminal plasmalemma, negative or weak activity on the baso-lateral plasmalemma and clearly visible activity on intracellular structures such as cytoplasmic vacuoles (fragmentation-like vesicles), dilated rims of the Golgi cisternae (or cisternal ends of the Golgi stacks), condensing vacuoles and lysosomal bodies. During the dark span the activity was detectable only on the baso-lateral plasmalemma. The fact that AMPase activity could not be found on the luminal plasmalemma during the dark span suggests that the luminal membranes may be replaced by the membranes of secretory granules, which do not display AMPase activity. The intracellular localization of AMPase activity during the light span, especially at 08.00 h, includes all cytoplasmic compartments which have hitherto been associated with the intracellular pathway for membrane retrieval from the plasmalemma. Moreover, the appearance of the activity in the dilated rims of the Golgi stack and condensing vacuoles indicates that these compartments may constitute a functional unit.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00213814
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics of formation of maltose and isomaltose through condensation of glucose by glucoamylase (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 26 (1984), S. 121-127 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A kinetic model was devised for the hydrolysis and synthesis of maltose and isomaltose by two glucoamylases from Rhizopus niveus and Aspergillus niger, and the validity of the model was verified experimentally at 313 K and pH 5.0. For both enzymes, the formations of maltose and isomaltose from glucose were parallel reversible reactions, and glucosyl transfer between maltose and isomaltose was not observed. The enzymes catalyzed rapid hydrolysis and synthesis of maltose. Isomaltose was hydrolyzed and synthesized more slowly, but the level produced from glucose was much higher than that of maltose. These hydrolysis and condensation reactions were expressed well by the model.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260260203
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new process combining adsorption and enzyme reaction for producing higher-fructose syrup (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 25 (1983), S. 2371-2393 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A process for producing a higher-fructose syrup containing more than 50% fructose was developed that involves a new system combining selective adsorption of fructose and an immobilized glucose isomerase reaction. Continuous countercurrent contact of the liquid stream with the solid adsorbent is simulated by advancing adsorption columns against the fixed inlets and outlet of liquid streams without actual movement of the solid adsorbent, while the immobilized enzyme reactors are stationary. Two mathematical models, an intermittent moving-bed and a continuous moving-bed model, are presented for calculation the concentration profiles of glucose and fructose in the system. The validity of the models is experimentally confirmed, and a criterion for good production in the system is presented. This system requires less desorbent than a process using a fixed-bed adsorber and a simulated moving-bed process to produce the syrup with 45-65% fructose content, the level desired in food manufacture.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260251008
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Partially carbamate reaction of cellulose with urea (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 26 (1981), S. 2103-2107 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1981.070260633
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Grafting of poly-β-alanine onto carbon black: The hydrogen transfer polymerization of acrylamide catalyzed by n-butyllithium in the presence of carbon black (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 29 (1984), S. 985-993 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The hydrogen transfer polymerization of acrylamide (AAm) catalyzed by n-butyllithium in the presence of carbon black was carried out at 80-100°C and the grafting of poly-β-alanine (nylon 3) was investigated. It was suggested that the growing polymer anion was captured by the quinonic oxygen group on the surface of carbon black. Furthermore, the growing polymer anion reacted with the phenolic hydroxyl group on the surface to give ungrafted polymer and the lithium phenolate (—O-Li+) group (chain transfer to phenolic hydroxyl group). The —O-Li+ group formed was considered to be capable of initiating the hydrogen transfer polymerization of AAm. Accordingly, during the hydrogen transfer polymerization in the presence of carbon black, poly-β-alanine was effectively grafted by the termination of growing polymer anion and the propagation of the polymer from the —O-Li+ group on the surface. The grafting ratio was determined to be 60-80%. The carbon black obtained from the polymerization gave a stable colloidal dispersion in water, N,N-dimethylformamide, and formic acid. Furthermore, it was found that the ratio of hydrogen transfer polymerization to normal vinyl polymerization (T ratio) increased with an increase in polymerization temperature.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1984.070290326
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