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  • bioavailability  (27)
  • Springer  (27)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
  • American Chemical Society
  • American Geophysical Union
  • 1980-1984  (27)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
  • Springer  (27)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
  • American Chemical Society
  • American Geophysical Union
Years
Year
  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A study of the effect of aspirin on the pharmacokinetics of oral and intravenous diclofenac sodium (1980)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 18 (1980), S. 415-418 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: diclofenac ; acetyl salicylic acid ; intravenous bolus administration ; oral administration ; interaction ; bioavailability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Previous studies have shown that aspirin interacts with orally administered diclofenac sodium, causing reduced peak concentrations, lower levels and decreased areas under curves. In this study, diclofenac sodium was administered orally and intravenously with and without aspirin, to 6 healthy female volunteers. After intravenous dosing both plasma levels and areas under curves were significantly reduced although none of the rate constants was affected. The volume of distribution of diclofenac was increased as was the plasma clearance. Oral administration with aspirin also resulted in lower plasma levels, particularly peak levels, and areas under curves. Comparison of AUC's for both modes of administration with and without aspirin suggested that lower levels after oral administration were not due to impaired absorption. These observations are best explained by decreased protein binding and increased biliary excretion of diclofenac in the presence of salicylate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00636795
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of dose on bioavailability of oral digoxin (1981)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 19 (1981), S. 53-55 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: digoxin ; bioavailability ; dose-dependency ; urinary excretion ; healthy volunteers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Nine healthy volunteers received single 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 mg doses of oral digoxin tablets in random sequence on five occasions separated by at least 4 weeks. Urinary excretion of immunoassayable digoxin was determined from 8 consecutive 24 h urine samples collected after each dose. Mean values of cumulative urinary excretion of digoxin at the 5 doses were: 40.9, 35.6, 36.4, 34.1, and 33.5% of the dose (F=0.64; d. f.=4.32; N. S.). Mean values of urinary excretion half-life were: 2.48, 2.03, 2.20, 2.07, and 1.87 days (F=2.87; d. f.=4.32;p=0.05). Thus, the bioavailability of orally administered digoxin tablets in healthy volunteers is dose-independent over an 8-fold range of doses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00558384
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bioavailability of ketoprofen in man with and without concomitant administration of aluminium phosphate (1981)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 19 (1981), S. 305-307 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: ketoprofen ; aluminium phosphate ; bioavailability ; antacid ; pharmacokinetics ; interaction study
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The purpose of this study was to determine whether a concomitant single dose of antacid (aluminium phosphate), or multiple doses of this antacid, administered prior to and with ketoprofen would alter the bioavailability of this non steroidal anti-inflammatory agent. The possible effects of aluminium phosphate were evaluated following administration of ketoprofen alone (Phase I), co-administration of antacid and ketoprofen (Phase II), and antacid for four days before administration of ketoprofen with co-administration on the day of the study (Phase III). There were no significant differences between treatment means for peak plasma concentration, time to peak plasma concentration, and area under the plasma concentration-time curve. The observed differences were due only to individual effects. The results indicate a lack of interaction between ketoprofen and the antacid aluminium phosphate (Phosphalugel)
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00562809
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Single-dose pharmacokinetics of metoclopramide (1981)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 20 (1981), S. 465-471 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: metoclopramide ; pharmacokinetics ; bioavailability ; first-pass effect
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The time courses of plasma metoclopramide concentrations were followed in six subjects after oral and intravenous single dose administration. Plasma concentration-time data following i.v. administration in each subject were found to fit a two compartment model with a mean terminal half-life of 4.55 h±0.80 h and a mean distribution half-time of 0.35 h±0.09 h. Volumes of distribution were high (3.43±1.181 · kg−1), and clearances (0.53±0.191 · kg−1h−1) approached liver plasma flow. This suggests that metoclopramide occurs at higher concentrations in tissues than in plasma, and that its clearance is probably limited by liver blood flow rather than liver metabolic capacity. The post-absorption decline in metoclopramide plasma levels after oral administration was also biexponential in each subject. The terminal half-life was 5.17 h±0.98 h. Mean volume of distribution and mean clearance were similar to intravenous values (after adjustment for bioavailability). Oral absorption was rapid with peak plasma concentrations being reached at a mean time of 0.93 h. A mean bioavailability of 0.77 was calculated for the six subjects, and it was postulated that this incomplete availability is due to a first-pass effect. The inter-individual variation in the degree of ‘first-pass’ was considerable (0.47–1.14).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00542101
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bioavailability of metoprolol in young adults and the elderly, with additional studies on the effects of metoclopramide and probanthine (1983)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 25 (1983), S. 353-356 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: metoprolol ; bioavailability ; young ; elderly ; metoclopramide ; probanthine ; gut motility
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The bioavailability of metoprolol was studied in eight healthy young and seven healthy elderly volunteers. Large interindividual differences in the bioavailability of metoprolol were observed in both groups. However, there was no significant difference in AUC, peak plasma concentration or elimination half-life between young and elderly, but time to peak concentration was significantly longer in the elderly. Pretreatment with metoclopramide had no effect on AUC but caused significant increases in peak concentration and decreases in time to peak concentration in both groups. Probanthine pretreatment (only to the young) resulted in a significant decrease in peak concentration of metoprolol and a significant increase in time to peak concentration but had no effect on the AUC. These results suggest that alterations in gastric emptying and gut motility due to ageing or other drugs have no effect on the overall availability of metoprolol to the systemic circulation but may have significant effects on the time to peak plasma concentration and peak concentration achieved after a single oral dose.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01037947
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetics of intravenous and oral dihydrocodeine and its acid metabolites (1983)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 25 (1983), S. 419-424 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: dihydrocodeine ; pharmacokinetics ; acid metabolites ; radioimmunoassay ; bioavailability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Serum concentrations of dihydrocodeine and its acid metabolites have been determined in seven human volunteers (6 male) who received the drug orally (30 mg and 60 mg) and intravenously (30 mg) on separate occasions, and in twenty-four patients (12 male) receiving 25 mg or 50 mg of the drug intravenously. The concentrations were estimated by radioimmunoassay on reconstituted extracts from serum after an extraction process which effectively separates dihydrocodeine from its polar acidic metabolites. The intravenous data show that dihydrocodeine kinetics followed a two-compartment distribution model. The concentration curves after oral administration indicated relatively rapid absorption with mean peak concentrations at 1.6h–1.8h. The mean half-lives varied between 3.3h–4.5h. From the AUC, the mean bioavailability of orally administered drug was 21% (range 12–34%). The peak levels of the acidic metabolites occurred between 1.8h–2.0h after oral administration and 2.2h–2.5h after i.v. administration, and they were significantly greater after oral administration. The low bioavailability of dihydrocodeine, together with the earlier and higher plasma levels of the acid metabolites after oral administration is suggestive of substantial first-pass metabolism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01037958
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bioequivalence studies in humans of indomethacin capsules marketed in India (1984)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 26 (1984), S. 261-264 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: indomethacin capsules ; bioequivalence ; volunteers ; pharmacokinetics ; statistical significance ; bioavailability ; comparative bioequivalence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Two, separate 6×6 Latin square cross-over bioequivalence studies were performed in adult male volunteers using 10 different indomethacin capsule preparations marketed in India together with the pure drug powder as the standard. The products were evaluated with respect to plasma level at various times up to 8 h following administration of a 50 mg (2 × 25 mg) dose. Plasma samples were analysed by a fluorimetric method. Various pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated according to a two compartment model. Statistical evaluation of the data employed analysis of variance for a cross-over design (ANOVA) and Duncan's multiple range test to ascertain the significance of differences between the products. Of the 10 products studied, two were found to be bioinequivalent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00630296
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bioavailability of amiodarone (1984)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 26 (1984), S. 533-534 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: amiodarone ; bioavailability ; clearance estimation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00542153
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetics in man of a new antiarrhythmic drug, cibenzoline (1983)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 24 (1983), S. 509-515 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: cibenzoline ; pharmacokinetics ; bioavailability ; urinary excretion ; antiarrhythmic drug ; healthy volunteers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The kinetics of cibenzoline (UP 339.01), a new antiarrhythmic drug, was studied after i.v. and oral administration to 5 healthy subjects. Cibenzoline levels in plasma and urine cibenzoline were measured by a GLC method. After i.v. administration, the total clearance was 826 ml · min−1. The fraction of cibenzoline excreted unchanged in the urine was 0.602 and it was correlated with the creatinine clearance. After i.v. and oral administration, the renal clearances were 499 ml · min−1 and 439 ml · min−1, and the half-lives were 4 h 01 min and 3 h 24 min, respectively. The differences were not significant. Availability by the oral route was 0.92, the maximum plasma concentration being observed at 1 h 36 min. The results were compared with those for other antiarrhythmic drugs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00609894
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Estimation of the absolute oral bioavailability of pindolol by two analytical methods (1983)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 25 (1983), S. 357-359 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: pindolol ; bioavailability ; fluorimetric assay ; GLC-ECD assay
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The absolute oral bioavailability of pindolol has been estimated by two analytical methods, fluorimetry and GLC-ECD. The study was carried out in six healthy subjects who received either i.v. or oral pindolol in random order. The results obtained by both methods were similar and confirm the high bioavailability (about 75%) of pindolol. The present findings are compared with previous publications and emphasize the importance of undertaking bioavailability studies in the same subjects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01037948
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