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  • Biochemistry and Biotechnology  (6)
  • Acidification  (2)
  • ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION  (2)
  • 1985-1989  (10)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Environmental biology of fishes 14 (1985), S. 309-314 
    ISSN: 1573-5133
    Keywords: Spermatozoa ; Fertilization ; Acidification ; Reproduction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Synopsis This study examined the effects of various pH values on sperm motility times of white suckers,Catostomus commersoni, from two artificially acidified lakes in the Experimental Lakes Area (ELA), northwestern Ontario. White sucker sperm were active (motile) in water at all pH values tested (3.0–7.0). The maximum sperm motility time was 76.9 seconds and the minimum time was 51.9 seconds. Sperm motility times of fish from Lake 302N were similar to those of fish from Lake 223 at all pH values except pH 5.0 and 5.5. At these two pH values, sperm motility times of Lake 223 fish were longer than those of Lake 302N fish. In both lakes sperm motility at ambient lake pH levels (Lake 223 + 5.1, Lake 302N + 6.3) were similar to those at pH 7.0. Motility times of all fish tested were within the range of time during which fertilization normally occurs, indicating that reproductive failures in Lake 223 were probably not caused by impairment of sperm motility times.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Environmental biology of fishes 19 (1987), S. 119-129 
    ISSN: 1573-5133
    Keywords: Behavioural acts ; Exposure time ; pH ; Young-of-the-year ; Frequency ; Time budget ; Acidification
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Synopsis Young-of-the-year largemouth bass,Micropterus salmoides, were exposed to four concentrations of sulphuric acid (pH levels 7.2, 6.1, 4.8, and 3.7) for 30 days, and the frequencies of feeding acts and activity bouts, and time budgets were recorded. Juveniles at pH 6.1 and at pH 4.8 performed the two feeding acts, bites and orientations, more often, and spent more time feeding than bass at pH 7.2. Bass at pH 3.7, however, reduced feeding, and spent a significantly larger portion of their time hovering in the water column. Frequencies of comfort and agonistic acts increased with a decline in pH. Alterations of behavioural repertoires of young-of-the-year largemouth bass were useful indicators of sulphuric acid exposure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 30 (1987), S. 611-620 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Three anaerobic fluidized bed reactors at 37°C were utilized to observe the effects of startup and operational procedures on biomass attachment. Using a meat-based synthetic waste and stepped-loading regime, the influences of synthetic polymer addition and maintenance of anaerobiosis during startup were investigated. Subsequently, increasing bed expansions were applied to assess shear effects. Synthetic polymer addition enhanced biomass retention but did not improve process performance. Maintenance of a reduced environment ameliorated fluctuating process parameters during start up and aided biomass retention and substrate removal. A bed expansion of 5% was detrimental to biomass attachment and COD removal but system stability was maintained at expansions between 10% and 30%. Startup was achieved in 56 days. Anaerobiosis appeared to enhance the initial evolution of a stable, well-adapted microbial population, whereas polymer addition interfered with this. Moderate bed expansions had negligible effects on attachment and performance.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electrophoresis 7 (1986), S. 570-572 
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Direct gene analysis of the haptogobin (Hp) polymorphism was carried out by Southern blotting using an Hp cDNA probe. Two types of polymorphism were observed: the first, after EcoRI, HindIII and PstI digestion, is due to an intragenic duplication and corresponds to the Hp-α protein polymorphism; the second type, due to point mutation, was represented by two additional restriction sites for EcoRI and PstI. The univocal correspondence between the first type fragment length variants and protein polymorphism of the duplication type permits the establishment of the genotype at the DNA level, and mutational variants of the second type add new markers; the method described here also permits detection of the real genotype of Hp0 alleles.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: As the first step in a cooperative effort to standardize the identification of the polypeptides of Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum, the sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) results obtained in 16 laboratories were compared. Although it was possible to correlate the positions of 16 of the major polypeptide bands, the cross-identification of many of the polypeptides was ambiguous, particularly in the low molecular weight range. Two-dimensional electrophoresis provided an improved means of separating and characterizing T. pallidum polypeptides as isolated molecular species. An approach to the unambiguous identification of treponemal polypeptides was outlined which will utilize two-dimensional electrophoresis in combination with specific properties attributable to individual proteins, including reactivity with monoclonal antibodies or monospecific antisera, biochemical and structural properties, and sequence information. To demonstrate the feasibility of this approach, two-dimensional electrophoresis in conjunction with immunoperoxidase staining was used to specifically identify three cloned T. pallidum proteins.
    Additional Material: 17 Ill.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Using the ISO-DALT system for two-dimensional (2-D) electrophoresis and the TYCHO system for computer analysis of the resulting protein maps, we obtained high quality quantitative protein abundance data from Coomassie Brilliant Bluestained gels of mouse liver samples. High resolution gels allow more than 100 proteins to be measured with coefficients of variation less than 15 %. A comparison of results from two mouse strains (C57BL/6 and BALB/c) and the cross between them (BCF1) shows that a large number of qutive polymorphisms can be detected, and that, as expected, the amount of protein produced in the heterozygote is intermediate between the parental values. The system described is shown to be capable of reliably detecting decreases in protein abundance such as those expected to result from radiation-induced deletion of one copy of a gene. The implications of these results for the study of gene regulation are discussed in relation to applications in genetics, toxicology, and differentiation.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Biochemistry and Function 7 (1989), S. 213-217 
    ISSN: 0263-6484
    Keywords: Ornithine decarboxylase ; arsenite ; turnover ; thiol groups ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Sodium arsenite proved effective in preventing the induction of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity elicited by dilution of Friend erythroleukemia cells in fresh medium. A 50 per cent inhibition was produced at approximately 1 μM arsenite and complete inhibition was obtained at concentrations above 10 μM. However, addition of arsenite 5 h after cell dilution, i.e. when ODC was already induced, appeared to stabilize the enzyme. The half-life of ODC activity, measured after cycloheximide treatment, increased almost six-fold after addition of sodium arsenite. Agents known to provoke oxidative alteration of the thiol-redox status in cells, also caused a similar effect on the induction and stability of ODC.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Liver proteins of male C57BL/6T mice treated with 0, 50, or 250 mg/kg Aroclor 1254 were analyzed by high-resolution two-dimensional (2-D) electrophoresis. The resulting patterns were processed using a computerized image analysis system and quantitative data selected for a total of 150 protein spots. On the basis of an analysis of liver proteins form five animals in each treatment group, we found 31 proteins that showed quantitative differences attributable to treatment with chlorinated hydrocarbons at a high level of statistical significance. One of the altered proteins appears to be Mitcon:2, a heat-shock sensitive mitochondrial matrix polypeptide; another appears likely to be microsomal cytochrome b5. The results indicate that quantitative 2-D protein mapping may reveal much more detail regarding the in vivo effects of toxic xenobiotics than has previously been available, and thus allow a more informative approach to the testing of toxic compounds.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: A first principles pn junction device model has predicted new designs for high voltage, high efficiency InP solar cells. Measured InP material properties were applied and device parameters (thicknesses and doping) were adjusted to obtain optimal performance designs. Results indicate that p/n InP designs will provide higher voltages and higher energy conversion efficiencies than n/p structures. Improvements to n/p structures for increased efficiency are predicted. These new designs exploit the high absorption capabilities, relatively long diffusion lengths, and modest surface recombination velocities characteristic of InP. Predictions of performance indicate achievable open-circuit voltage values as high as 943 mV for InP and a practical maximum AM0 efficiency of 22.5 percent at 1 sun and 27 C. The details of the model, the optimal InP structure and the effect of individual parameter variations on device performance are presented.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: NASA, Lewis Research Center, Space Photovoltaic Research and Technology, 1988. High Efficiency, Space Environment, and Array Technology; p 79-89
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Development of a three solar cell stack can lead to practical efficiencies greater than 30 percent (1x,AM0). A theoretical efficiency limitation of 43.7 percent at AM0 and one sun is predicted by this model. Including expected losses, a practical system efficiency of 36.8 percent is anticipated. These calculations are based on a 1.93eV/1.43eV/0.89eV energy band gap combination. AlGaAs/GaAs/GaInAsP materials can be used with a six-terminal wiring configuration. The key issues for multijunction solar cells are the top and middle solar cell performance and the sub-bandgap transparency. AstroPower has developed a technique to fabricate AlGaAs solar cells on rugged, self-supporting, transparent AlGaAs substrates. Top solar cell efficiencies greater than 11 percent AM0 have been achieved. State-of-the-art GaAs or InP devices will be used for the middle solar cell. GaInAsP will be used to fabricate the bottom solar cell. This material is lattice-matched to InP and offers a wide range of bandgaps for optimization of the three solar cell stack. Liquid phase epitaxy is being used to grow the quaternary material. Initial solar cells have shown open-circuit voltages of 462 mV for a bandgap of 0.92eV. Design rules for the multijunction three solar cell stack are discussed. The progress in the development of the self-supporting AlGaAs top solar cell and the GaInAsP bottom solar cell is presented.
    Keywords: ENERGY PRODUCTION AND CONVERSION
    Type: NASA, Lewis Research Center, Space Photovoltaic Research and Technology, 1988. High Efficiency, Space Environment, and Array Technology; p 190-200
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