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  • Coleoptera  (64)
  • pheromone  (46)
  • oxidation  (37)
  • Springer  (134)
  • Annual Reviews
  • 1985-1989  (65)
  • 1980-1984  (39)
  • 1975-1979  (30)
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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Isolation of feeding deterrents against argentine stem weevil from ryegrass infected with the endophyteAcremonium loliae (1986)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 12 (1986), S. 647-658 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Schlagwort(e): Perennial ryegrass ; Lolium perenne ; Gramineae ; Argentine stem weevil ; Listronotus bonariensis ; Coleoptera ; Curculionidae ; Acremonium loliae ; Acremonium coenophialum ; endophyte ; bioassay ; induced resistance ; feeding deterrent ; peramine
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract Infection of ryegrass (Lolium perenne) by an endophytic fungus (Acremonium loliae) confers resistance against the Argentine stem weevil (Listronotus bonariensis). Extracts from ryegrass clones, infected and uninfected withA. loliae, were compared in a feeding choice bioassay, and several fractions were identified which affected stem weevil feeding behavior. One stem weevil feeding deterrent, peramine C12H17N5O, has been isolated from infected ryegrass and partially characterized as a basic indole derivative. Extracts from culturedA. loliae had no effect on stem weevil feeding behavior nor was peramine detected in the fungal cultures examined. Peramine and the other active substances are hydrophilic in contrast to the lipophilic properties reported for the neurotoxic lolitrems also isolated from ryegrass infected withA. loliae and associated with causing ryegrass staggers disorder in livestock. It is suggested that ryegrass staggers and stem weevil feeding deterrency may arise by different biochemical mechanisms.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01012099
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Ecdysteroids during pupal development of female Xyleborus ferrugineus (1981)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 30 (1981), S. 151-156 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Schlagwort(e): Xyleborus ferrugineus ; pupae ; ecdysteroids ; pharate adult ; radioimmunoassay ; Coleoptera ; Scolytidae
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Zusammenfassung Der Ecdysteroidtiter weiblicher Puppen von Xyleborus ferrugineus (Fabr.) wurde geschätzt, indem ganze Tiere homogenisiert und radioimmunologisch untersucht wurden. Ein ausgeprägtes Maximum an Ecdysteroiden wurde bei 36 Stunden Puppenent-wicklung beobachtet (743 pg/mg Körpergewicht). Der Titer nahm ab auf 299 pg/mg im Pharatstadium und auf 193 pg/mg unmittelbar vor Schlüpfen der Adulten. Qualitative Studien mit HPLC ergaben in frischen Puppen ein Verhältnis von 3:1 Ecdyson zu 20-Hydrooxyecdyson. Pharatstadien enthielten vor allem 20-Hydrooxyecdyson. Das beobachtete einzige Maximum im Titer stimmt überein mit den Resultaten bei andern untersuchten Coleopteren.
    Notizen: Abstract Ecdysteroid titers were estimated on the whole body homogenates of Xyleborus ferrugineus (Fabr.) female pupae during development by radioimmunoassay. A distinct peak of ecdysteroids was observed at 36-hr pupal development (743 pg/mg body wt). Titer declined to 299 pg/mg by the pharate adult stage and to 193 pg/mg body wt just before adult emergence. Qualitative studies by HPLC revealed a ratio of 3:1 ecdysone to 20-hydroxyecdysone in the initial pupal stage. Pharate adults had mainly 20-hydroxyecdysone. The observed single peak in ecdysteroid titer agrees with findings in other studied coleopteran species.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00300880
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Feeding by adult sweet potato weevils, Cylas formicarius elegantulus, on sweet potato leaves (1988)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 48 (1988), S. 157-163 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Schlagwort(e): sweet potato weevil ; Cylas formicarius elegantulus ; Coleoptera ; Curculionidae ; sweet potato ; Ipomoea batatas ; feeding ; host-plant preference ; leaf surface chemistry
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Beschreibung / Inhaltsverzeichnis: Résumé L'étude a porté sur la consommation pendant 12 h, en boîtes de Pétri de diamètre 9 cm, de rondelles de 2 cm de diamètre de feuilles de 4 cultivars,—Centennial, Jewel, Resisto, Regal—, d'I. batatas par C. formicarius elegantulus. Les charançons ont consommé le long des nervures, préférant la face inférieure à la face supérieure des feuilles. Un index de consommation a été calculé en fonction de la longueur de nervure ayant servi à la consommation, rapportée à la longueur totale des nervures de la surface exposée. Les niveaux de consommation des mâles et des femelles étaient semblables. En présence de choix binaires, le cultivar Centennial a été le plus consommé, et le cultivar Resisto, le moins, par les femelles. De telles préférences n'ont pas été observées en l'absence de choix. La composition chimique de la surface de la feuille a été analysée par chromatographie en phase gazeuse. 8 pics principaux identiques ont été observés chez les 4 cultivars, mais ils avaient différentes hauteurs.
    Notizen: Abstract A bioassay was developed to quantify the feeding of adult sweet potato weevils, Cylas formicarius elegantulus (Summers) (Coleoptera; Curculionidae) on the foliage of four cultivars (Centennial, Jewel, Resisto and Regal) of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) (Convolvulaceae). Weevils fed along the leaf veins, preferring the lower to the upper leaf surface. Males and females had similar levels of feeding. Different levels of feeding by female weevils were observed between cultivars in dual-choice bioassays with Centennial, a susceptible cultivar in field-plot experiments, being most preferred and Resisto least preferred. However, these feeding differences were not observed in no-choice bioassays. Little difference was observed in the leaf surface chemistry of the four cultivars.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00185628
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The oxidation of Ni-70 wt.%Cr in oxygen between 1073 and 1473°K (1980)
    Springer
    Oxidation of metals 14 (1980), S. 263-277 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4889
    Schlagwort(e): oxidation ; Ni-Cr alloys ; two-phase alloys
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Abstract Oxidation of the relatively simple, two-phase alloy Ni-70 wt.%Cr in oxygen between 1073 and 1473°K results in the formation of a Cr2O3 scale containing less than O.5 wt.% Ni in solid solution. The oxidation kinetics are irreproducible for an initial period, which is brief at 1073 and 1273°K but much more pronounced at 1473°K, both in duration and degree. This behavior is associated with the failure of the protective Cr2O3 scale. However, after longer periods a compact layer of Cr2O3 becomes established under isothermal conditions and results in a change to more reproducible kinetics, especially at 1073 and 1273°K. Oxidation causes chromium depletion and the formation of a single-phase zone which separates the scale and the two-phase bulk alloy. The depth of Cr2O3 internal oxide coincides with this zone. The oxidation behavior is compared with that of more Ni-rich, single-phase Ni-Cr alloys, with particular reference to the effects of the constitution of the underlying alloy and the integrity of the protective oxide.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00604568
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Oxidation of nickel-manganese alloys in the temperature range 873–1273 K (1982)
    Springer
    Oxidation of metals 18 (1982), S. 295-314 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4889
    Schlagwort(e): Nickel-manganese alloys ; oxidation ; solid solution scales ; internal oxidation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Abstract Ni-Mn alloys containing up to 38% Mn have been oxidized in pure oxygen between 873 and 1273 K and the parabolic rate constants measured. The scale morphologies and oxide compositions are interpreted in terms of modifications to the scale on pure Mn caused by the presence of Ni. The scales are composed predominantly of two layers at all temperatures, giving the sequences of phases alloy/cubic monoxide (Ni, Mn)O/ternary spinel, with the cubic (Ni, Mn)O layer always having the greater thickness. There is limited evidence for a third, very thin, outer layer in the scales on all alloys at 873 K and for Ni-38%Mn at 1073 K, which is tentatively considered to be Mn2O3, giving layers in the order alloy/cubic monoxide/ternary spinel/Mn2O3, by analogy with the scale formed on pure Mn. The distribution of the alloy components in the scale is discussed in relation to the Ni-Mn-O phase diagram and in terms of recent theoretical treatments of solid solution scale formation on binary alloys, as far as the available diffusion data allow. The occurrence of internal and intergranular oxidation and the formation of a Mn-depleted zone coincident with the band of uniform internal oxide are considered briefly.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00656573
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Role of kinetic effects on metal partition at the alloy-scale interface during the oxidation of alloys (1975)
    Springer
    Oxidation of metals 9 (1975), S. 215-223 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4889
    Schlagwort(e): cation diffusion ; oxidation ; metal partition
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Abstract An alternative mass balance at the alloy-scale interface is proposed for the Wagner theory of binary alloy oxidation. A simple relation between the bulk composition of the alloy and the scale composition at the alloy-scale interface, ξ′, is derived in terms of the transport properties of the scale and the limit of application of the relation defined. There is good agreement between calculated and measured values of ξ′.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00613274
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effect of Y2O3 dispersoids in 80Ni-20Cr alloy on the early stages of oxidation at low-oxygen potential (1986)
    Springer
    Oxidation of metals 25 (1986), S. 29-50 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4889
    Schlagwort(e): oxidation ; Y2O3 ; dispersoid ; 80Ni-20Cr ; nucleation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Maschinenbau
    Notizen: Abstract Specimens of a 80Ni-20Cr type alloy, with and without Y2O3 dispersoid particles, were oxidized at 1000°C in H2/H2O mixtures where the partial pressure of oxygen (P O 2) was varied between 103 and 1024 atm. Oxide particles nucleated homogeneously on both alloys, and preferential nucleation on dispersoid particles at the surface was not observed. Continuous Cr2O3 films formed slightly faster at aP O 2 of 10−21 atm on the alloy containing the dispersoid, but the difference was negligible at higher pressures. Oxidation atP O 2=10-19 and 10−21 atm involved both the formation of Cr2O3 and the evaporation of chromium. Thin films of α-Al2O3 were observed on both alloys after oxidation atP O 2.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00807995
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Aggregation pheromone of square-necked grain beetle,Cathartus quadricollis (Guér.) (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 14 (1988), S. 2169-2184 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Schlagwort(e): Cathartus quadricollis (Guér.) ; square-necked grain beetle ; Coleoptera ; Cucujidae ; aggregation pheromone ; (3R,6E)-7-methyl-6-nonen-3-yl acetate ; (E)-7-methyl-6-nonen-3-one ; (E)-7-methyl-6-nonen-3-ol ; (6E)-7-methyl-3-propyl-2,6-nonadienyl acetate ; 1-octen-3-ol ; repellent
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract When feeding on rolled oats, male square-necked grain beetles,Cathartus quadricollis (Guér.), produced the aggregation pheromone (3R,6E)-7-methyl-6-nonen-3-yl acetate, for which the trival name “quadrilure” is proposed. The pheromone was highly attractive to both sexes in a two-choice, pitfall olfactometer modified to retain responding beetles by placing a food stimulus (an oat flake) in the glass vials containing the experimental and control stimuli. TheS enantiomer of the pheromone was inactive. Males also produced small amounts of (E)-7-methyl-6-nonen-3-one, (E)-7-methyl-6-nonen-3-ol, and (6E)-7-methyl-3-propyl-2,6-nonadienyl acetate, but these compounds were inactive in the laboratory bioassay. Segregated males and females both produced (R)-(−)-1-octen-3-ol, which by itself was repellent to both sexes but did not diminish beetle response to the aggregation pheromone.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01014023
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Female pheromone in the black molly fish (Mollinenesia latipinna): A possible metabolic correlate (1977)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 3 (1977), S. 207-217 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Schlagwort(e): Black molly fish ; Mollinenesia latipinna ; pheromone ; thyroxine ; thiouracil ; general activity stimulus ; social contact
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract The female black mollyMollinenesia latipinna emits a water-borne pheromone which increases general activity and social contacts among males. Two hormones, thyroxine and thiouracil, administered to the females increase these behaviors in males. Apparently the hormones do not functionally compete in this species, and both seem to elevate the emission of the male stimulant.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00994147
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Defensive adaptations of eggs and adults ofGastrophysa cyanea (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) (1982)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 8 (1982), S. 453-462 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Schlagwort(e): Defensive secretions ; oleic acid ; hydrocarbons ; terpenoids ; eggs ; deterrents ; ants ; predation ; Chrysomelidae ; Coleoptera ; Gastrophysa cyanea ; reflex bleeding ; elytral glands
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract Egg clusters and adults ofGastrophysa cyanea are conspicuous and, like their larvae, are chemically protected. The eggs owe their bright yellow color primarily to β-carotene and, in addition, contain substantial quantities of oleic acid. At natural concentrations oleic acid effectively deters many species of ants from feeding. The use of fatty acids as deterrents against ants is discussed as a possible widespread phenomenon among insects. During defensive confrontations, adults ofG. cyanea exhibit avoidance behavior and may also feign death. In addition, the adults may autohemmorhage or secrete a fluid from elytral or pronotal pores in response to traumatic stimuli. The secretions are effective against ants and contain a mixture of hydrocarbons as well as terpenoid components. The pattern of ontogenetic modification in the defensive chemical repertoire ofG. cyanea is discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00987793
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