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  • Crystallography, X-Ray
  • Mutation
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (4)
  • American Geophysical Union (AGU)
  • National Academy of Sciences
  • Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
  • Springer
  • 1990-1994  (4)
Collection
Publisher
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (4)
  • American Geophysical Union (AGU)
  • National Academy of Sciences
  • Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
  • Springer
Years
Year
  • 1
    Publication Date: 1991-07-05
    Description: Cells of the monocyte-macrophage lineage are targets for human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infection in vivo. However, many laboratory strains of HIV-1 that efficiently infect transformed T cell lines replicate poorly in macrophages. A 20-amino acid sequence from the macrophage-tropic BaL isolate of HIV-1 was sufficient to confer macrophage tropism on HTLV-IIIB, a T cell line--tropic isolate. This small sequence element is in the V3 loop, the envelope domain that is the principal neutralizing determinant of HIV-1. Thus, the V3 loop not only serves as a target of the host immune response but is also pivotal in determining HIV-1 tissue tropism.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hwang, S S -- Boyle, T J -- Lyerly, H K -- Cullen, B R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1991 Jul 5;253(5015):71-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1905842" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Cell Movement/*genetics ; Chimera ; Genes, env/physiology ; HIV-1/genetics/*physiology ; Haplorhini ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Proviruses ; Restriction Mapping ; Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid ; Viral Envelope Proteins/*genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 1994-07-22
    Description: Long-term potentiation (LTP) is a persistent increase in synaptic strength implicated in certain forms of learning and memory. In the CA1 region of the hippocampus, LTP is thought to involve the release of one or more retrograde messengers from the postsynaptic cell that act on the presynaptic terminal to enhance transmitter release. One candidate retrograde messenger is the membrane-permeant gas nitric oxide (NO), which in the brain is released after activation of the neuronal-specific NO synthase isoform (nNOS). To assess the importance of NO in hippocampal synaptic plasticity, LTP was examined in mice where the gene encoding nNOS was disrupted by gene targeting. In nNOS- mice, LTP induced by weak intensity tetanic stimulation was normal except for a slight reduction in comparison to that in wild-type mice and was blocked by NOS inhibitors, just as it was in wild-type mice. Immunocytochemical studies indicate that in the nNOS- mice as in wild-type mice, the endothelial form of NOS (eNOS) is expressed in CA1 neurons. These findings suggest that eNOS, rather than nNOS, generates NO within the postsynaptic cell during LTP.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉O'Dell, T J -- Huang, P L -- Dawson, T M -- Dinerman, J L -- Snyder, S H -- Kandel, E R -- Fishman, M C -- DA-00074/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- DA-00266/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- MH-45923/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Jul 22;265(5171):542-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Howard Hughes Medical Institute, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, NY 10032.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7518615" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Oxidoreductases/antagonists & inhibitors/genetics/*metabolism ; Animals ; Arginine/*analogs & derivatives/pharmacology ; Electric Stimulation ; Endothelium/enzymology ; Hippocampus/drug effects/enzymology/*physiology ; In Vitro Techniques ; *Long-Term Potentiation/drug effects ; Mice ; Mutation ; Nitric Oxide/*metabolism ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; Nitroarginine ; Pyramidal Cells/drug effects/enzymology/*physiology ; Synaptic Transmission/drug effects
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 1993-10-01
    Description: Technological advances have made possible the development of high-resolution genetic linkage maps for the mouse. These maps in turn offer exciting prospects for understanding mammalian genome evolution through comparative mapping, for developing mouse models of human disease, and for identifying the function of all genes in the organism.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Copeland, N G -- Jenkins, N A -- Gilbert, D J -- Eppig, J T -- Maltais, L J -- Miller, J C -- Dietrich, W F -- Weaver, A -- Lincoln, S E -- Steen, R G -- HG00198/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- N01-CO-74101/CO/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1993 Oct 1;262(5130):57-66.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉ABL-Basic Research Program, National Cancer Institute-Frederick Cancer Research and Development Center, MD 21702.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8211130" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Evolution ; *Chromosome Mapping ; Cloning, Molecular ; Crosses, Genetic ; Female ; Genetic Markers ; *Genome ; Human Genome Project ; Humans ; Male ; Mice/*genetics ; Multigene Family ; Muridae/*genetics ; Mutation ; Neoplasms/genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 1994-12-09
    Description: The crystal structure of a 27-kilodalton methylcobalamin-containing fragment of methionine synthase from Escherichia coli was determined at 3.0 A resolution. This structure depicts cobalamin-protein interactions and reveals that the corrin macrocycle lies between a helical amino-terminal domain and an alpha/beta carboxyl-terminal domain that is a variant of the Rossmann fold. Methylcobalamin undergoes a conformational change on binding the protein; the dimethylbenzimidazole group, which is coordinated to the cobalt in the free cofactor, moves away from the corrin and is replaced by a histidine contributed by the protein. The sequence Asp-X-His-X-X-Gly, which contains this histidine ligand, is conserved in the adenosylcobalamin-dependent enzymes methylmalonyl-coenzyme A mutase and glutamate mutase, suggesting that displacement of the dimethylbenzimidazole will be a feature common to many cobalamin-binding proteins. Thus the cobalt ligand, His759, and the neighboring residues Asp757 and Ser810, may form a catalytic quartet, Co-His-Asp-Ser, that modulates the reactivity of the B12 prosthetic group in methionine synthase.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Drennan, C L -- Huang, S -- Drummond, J T -- Matthews, R G -- Lidwig, M L -- GM08570/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM16429/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM24908/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1994 Dec 9;266(5191):1669-74.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Biophysics Research Division, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109-1055.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7992050" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 5-Methyltetrahydrofolate-Homocysteine S-Methyltransferase/*chemistry/metabolism ; Amino Acid Isomerases/chemistry ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Benzimidazoles ; Catalysis ; Computer Graphics ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy ; Escherichia coli/*enzymology ; Histidine/metabolism ; *Intramolecular Transferases ; Ligands ; Methylation ; Methylmalonyl-CoA Mutase/chemistry ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Folding ; Protein Structure, Secondary ; Vitamin B 12/*analogs & derivatives/chemistry/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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