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  • Life and Medical Sciences  (1,116)
  • Biochemistry and Biotechnology  (632)
  • ASTRONOMY
  • SOLAR PHYSICS
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (1,748)
  • 1990-1994  (817)
  • 1980-1984  (484)
  • 1975-1979  (251)
  • 1970-1974  (195)
  • 1905-1909  (1)
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  • Wiley-Blackwell  (1,748)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microscopy in solid state science (1993)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Microscopy Research and Technique 24 (1993), S. 299-315 
    Details
    ISSN: 1059-910X
    Keywords: STEM ; PEELS ; HAADFI ; Nanolithography ; Super-resolution ; STM ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: The Microstructural Physics group at the Cavendish Laboratory is actively involved in a considerable number of research projects which cover a broad range of materials science. In this paper, we describe briefly several such projects, with particular emphasis given to the application of parallel-detection electron energy loss spectroscopy (PEELS) on a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) to the analysis of materials such as stainless steels, catalysts, and high temperature superconductors. In addition, we describe a number of related projects that are currently being carried out in the group, particularly those which utilise and develop novel STEM imaging and analytical techniques. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 19 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.1070240404
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative kinetics of short and long sperm in sperm dimorphic Drosophila species (1991)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 19 (1991), S. 269-274 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: minor and major waves ; beat frequeney ; wave propagation velocity ; coiling diameter ; storage effect ; differential behaviour ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: All species of the Drosophila obscura group exhibit within-ejaculate sperm length dimorphism. The present work is a contribution to the understanding of sperm competition through a comparative study of sperm kinetic parameters in four of these species. Videomicrographic observations at 200 frames per second of sperm from males and females, out of the storage organ, prior or after storage were made. Drosophila sperm display both major and minor waves. The former is analysed by measuring coiling diameter (μm) and the latter by recording both beat frequency (s-1) and wave propagation velocity (μm·s-1). Results show that the ‘behaviour’ of short and long spermatozoa noticeably differ: short sperm kinetics remains unaltered after storage while both major and minor waves of long spermatozoa are markedly modified. Thus, evidence is provided here of a sort of “differential activation” which is assumed to result in different survival abilities of short and long sperm within the storage organ of females.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970190405
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Steady state multiplicity and stability of enzymatic reaction systems (1973)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 15 (1973), S. 1131-1145 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Several techniques for investigating the multiplicity and stability of open isothermal enzymatic reactors are discussed and some of the pitfalls in previous thinking pointed out. The example which is used to illustrate these methods exhibits several interesting features. Among these is the existence of a stable oscillatory state which surrounds a unique steady state which is asymptotically stable to certain finite disturbances.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260150611
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The preparation and properties of hornblende as a support for immobilized invertase (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 17 (1975), S. 1679-1693 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The suitability of hornblende as a support for immobilized β-fructofuranosidase (invertase) was studied, with regard to the physical stability of the support and the thermal and operational stability of the immobilized enzyme. Hornblende was more stable than Enzacryl-Alo or Enzacryl-TIO, and marginally more stable than porous glass. Invertase immobilized on hornblende was more stable during long-term operation than invertase immobilized on porous glass. An active preparation of immobilized invertase was obtained also on pyroxene particles.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260171110
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cultivation of a filamentous mold in a glass pilot-scale airlift fermentor (1981)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 23 (1981), S. 863-877 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Results of pilot plant studies using a glass airlift fermentation device (55 liter fermentation volume) have proven the relative merits of such a system in the fermentation of a filamentous mold, Monascus purpureus, on 4% (w/w) starch media. The resultant overall yield of cell mass (Yx/s) of 0.38 was an appreciable increase over the 0.32 obtained with a pilot scale stirred tank fermentor previously studied. Power requirements of the airlift fermentor were approximately 50% of those for the mechanically agitated system. The lack of mechanical shear in the airlift system provides a more gentle environment or the cultivation of organisms than does the high degree of shear prevalent in the mechanically agitated vessels. Mass transfer of oxygen to the aqueous phase of the fermentation volume is improved significantly through use of the airlift device. Mass transfer coefficients in the range of 200 reciprocal hr were obtained to approximately 80 reciprocal hr in the stirred tank fermentor.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260230416
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Continuous culture system for production of biopolymer levan using erwinia herbicola (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 38 (1991), S. 557-560 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: levan ; continuous culture ; molecular weight ; Erwinia herbicola ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The optimal production of the fructan biopolymer levan by the bacterium Erwinia herbicola was investigated, including variations in nitrogen, carbon and phosphorous sources, pH, incubation time, culture yields up to 19% by weight produced based on conversion of sucrose as the carbon source when grown in a continuous culture system and processed by tangential flow filtration. Product identity was confirmed with gas chromatography (GC) and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and low-angle laser light scattering (LALLS) determination of the molecular weight of the product showed a significant difference in molecular weight values dependent on the method of analysis. Analysis by GPC resulted in molecular weight one order of magnitude lower than LALLS independent of sample, underscoring the unusual nature of this biopolymer.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260380515
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Engineering cellulase mixtures by varying the mole fraction of Thermomonospora fusca E5 and E3, Trichoderma reesei CBHI, and Caldocellum saccharolyticum β-glucosidase (1993)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 42 (1993), S. 1019-1028 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Caldocellum saccharolyticum ; cellulose ; binding ; β-glucosidase ; hydrolysis ; mole fraction ; synergism ; Thermomonospora fusca ; Trichoderma reesei ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: In this study, different mole fractions of pure Thermomonospora fusca E5 and E3, plus Trichoderma reesei CBHI were studied for reducing sugar production at 2 h, degree of synergism, and cellulose binding. In addition, the effects of introducing the Caldocellum saccharolyticum β-glucosidase into this cellulase system were investigated. The cellulases used were purified to homogeneity. Avicel PH 102 (4% w/w solution in 0.05 sodium acetate pH 5.5 buffer) was the substrate. Reactions were run at 50°C for 2 h using total cellulase concentrations of 8.3 or 12.2 μM. A bimixture of T. fusca E3 and T. reesei CBHI was very effective in hydrolyzing microcrystalline cellulose (9.1% conversion). The addition of endoglucanase E5 to the mixture only increased conversion to 9.8%. However, when both E5 and β-glucosidase were added, conversion increased to 14%. It was also observed that increasing total cellulase concentration beyond 8.3 μM did little to increase percent conversion of cellulose into glucose. The results of the binding studies indicate no competition for binding sites between the endo- and exocellulases. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260420902
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gram-Scale purification of arginine, formylmethionione, glutamic acid and phenylalanine transfer ribonucleic acids from E. coli K-12 MO7Research sponsored by the National Institute of General Medical Sciences, National Institutes of Health under contract with the United States Atomic Energy Commission and Union Carbide Corporation, Nuclear Division. (1970)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 12 (1970), S. 889-912 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Gram-sized quantities of purified arginine, formylmethionine, glutamic acid, and phenylalanine-2 tRNAs have been prepared from pools of E. coli K-12 MO7 mixed tRNAs by reversed-phase chromatography after preliminary fractionation on DEAE-cellulose. Purified formylmethionine tRNA and partially purified arginine tRNA and glutamie acid tRNA were obtained from large-scale RPC-3 runs (4 × 36 in. column). The arginine tRNA was further purified by rechromatography on RPC-4 columns, and the gluatmic acid tRNA by rechromatography on an RPC-3 column. Two phenylalanine tRNAs were resolved on large-scale (2 × 96 in. column) RPC-3 runs; only the second phenylalanine tRNA reached a satisfactory degree of activity. About 0.88 g of arginine tRNA, 70% activity; 3.32 g of formylmethionine tRNA, 97% activity; 0.80 g of glutamic acid tRNA, 83% activity and O.92 g of phenylalanine-2 tRNA, 78% activity, were produced. The processing steps employed are reliable and reproducible and the procedure is amenable to routine production of these tRNAs.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260120604
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nongenomic regulation of extracellular matrix events by vitamin D metabolites (1994)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 56 (1994), S. 331-339 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: 1,25-(OH)2D3 ; 24,25-(OH)2D3 ; matrix vesicles ; nongenomic regulation ; extracellular matrix ; alkaline phosphatase ; phospholipase A2 ; Protein kinase C ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Vitamin D metabolites appear to regulate chondrocytes and osteoblasts via a combination of genomic and nongenomic mechanisms. Specificity of the nongenomic response to either 1,25-(OH)2D3 or 24, 25-(OH)2D3 may be conferred by the chemical composition of the target membrane and its fluid mosaic structure, by the presence of specific membrane receptors, or by the interaction with classic Vitamin D receptors. Nongenomic effects have been shown to include changes in membrane fluidity, fatty acid acylation and reacylation, arachidonic acid metabolism and prostaglandin production, calcium ion flux, and protein kinaase C activity. Chondrocytes metabolize 25-(OH)D3 to 1,25-(OH)2D3 and 24,25-(OH)2D3; production of these metabolites is regulated by both growth factors and hormones and is dependent on the state of cell maturation. 1,25-(OH)2D3 and 24,25-(OH)2D3 may interact directly with extracellular matix vesicles to regulate their function in the matrix, including protease activity, resulting in matrix modefication and calcification. Isolated matrix vesicles, produced by growth zone chondrocytes, can activate latent transforming growth factor-β when incubated with exogenous 1,25-(OH)2D3. These observations suggest that nongenomic regulation of martix vesicle structure and function may be a mechanism by which mesenchymal cells, like osteoblasts and chndrocytes, may modulate events in the extracellular matrix at sites distant from the cell surace.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240560309
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preparation of spermatogenic cell populations at specific stages of differentiation in the human (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Molecular Reproduction and Development 30 (1991), S. 275-282 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-452X
    Keywords: Human testis ; Cell separation ; Elutriation ; Spermatid ; Ultrastructure ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Studying biochemical events in human spermatogenesis requires separated populations of spermatogenic cells. Dissociation of these cells was performed by a Trypsin-DNAse method adapted from the technique used for rodents. Cell separation was performed by centrifugal elutriation. Seven populations were collected, one further purified by Percoll gradient centrifugation, giving nine different cell populations. The efficiency of the cell separation was evaluated by phase contrast microscopy, flow cytometric DNA analysis, and electron microscopy. Five populations were enriched in spermatids: two in round spermatids (87% and 73%), another in round (52%) and elongating (44%) spermatids, another constituted by 80% elongating spermatids, and the last by 90% elongated spermatids. Two of the four remaining populations were enrichied in primary spermatocytes (74% and 54%); another population was the upper part of the Percoll gradient and constituted cytoplasmic lobes and residual bodies (89%); the last population was made up of various cells, with no specific enrichment. Electron microscopic observations revealed good preservation of the separated cells; only the flagella from elongated spermatids were lost. Furthermore, an unusual pattern of nucleoplasm distribution during stages 2-4 of spermatid differentiation was observed and its signification is discussed with regard to the shape of the human spermatozoon.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1080300316
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