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  • Animals  (18)
  • 1995-1999  (18)
  • 1945-1949
  • 1940-1944
  • 1
    Publication Date: 1999-11-30
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉O'Brien, S J -- Eisenberg, J F -- Miyamoto, M -- Hedges, S B -- Kumar, S -- Wilson, D E -- Menotti-Raymond, M -- Murphy, W J -- Nash, W G -- Lyons, L A -- Menninger, J C -- Stanyon, R -- Wienberg, J -- Copeland, N G -- Jenkins, N A -- Gellin, J -- Yerle, M -- Andersson, L -- Womack, J -- Broad, T -- Postlethwait, J -- Serov, O -- Bailey, E -- James, M R -- Marshall Graves, J A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Oct 15;286(5439):463-78.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10577209" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; *Chromosome Mapping ; Chromosome Painting ; *Genome ; *Genome, Human ; Humans ; Mammals/*genetics ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Phylogeny
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 1995-06-23
    Description: Deficiency in monoamine oxidase A (MAOA), an enzyme that degrades serotonin and norepinephrine, has recently been shown to be associated with aggressive behavior in men of a Dutch family. A line of transgenic mice was isolated in which transgene integration caused a deletion in the gene encoding MAOA, providing an animal model of MAOA deficiency. In pup brains, serotonin concentrations were increased up to ninefold, and serotonin-like immunoreactivity was present in catecholaminergic neurons. In pup and adult brains, norepinephrine concentrations were increased up to twofold, and cytoarchitectural changes were observed in the somatosensory cortex. Pup behavioral alterations, including trembling, difficulty in righting, and fearfulness were reversed by the serotonin synthesis inhibitor parachlorophenylalanine. Adults manifested a distinct behavioral syndrome, including enhanced aggression in males.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2844866/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2844866/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cases, O -- Seif, I -- Grimsby, J -- Gaspar, P -- Chen, K -- Pournin, S -- Muller, U -- Aguet, M -- Babinet, C -- Shih, J C -- K05 MH 00796/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R01 MH 37020/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R37 MH 39085/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R37 MH039085/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R37 MH039085-23/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Jun 23;268(5218):1763-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unite de Recherche Associee (URA), Institut Curie, Orsay, France.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7792602" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Aggression/*physiology ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Blotting, Southern ; Brain/*metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Dopamine/metabolism ; Female ; Interferon-beta/genetics ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C3H ; Mice, Transgenic ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Monoamine Oxidase/*deficiency ; Norepinephrine/*metabolism ; Sequence Deletion ; Serotonin/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 1995-09-01
    Description: Eukaryotic chromosomes are capped with repetitive telomere sequences that protect the ends from damage and rearrangements. Telomere repeats are synthesized by telomerase, a ribonucleic acid (RNA)-protein complex. Here, the cloning of the RNA component of human telomerase, termed hTR, is described. The template region of hTR encompasses 11 nucleotides (5'-CUAACCCUAAC) complementary to the human telomere sequence (TTAGGG)n. Germline tissues and tumor cell lines expressed more hTR than normal somatic cells and tissues, which have no detectable telomerase activity. Human cell lines that expressed hTR mutated in the template region generated the predicted mutant telomerase activity. HeLa cells transfected with an antisense hTR lost telomeric DNA and began to die after 23 to 26 doublings. Thus, human telomerase is a critical enzyme for the long-term proliferation of immortal tumor cells.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Feng, J -- Funk, W D -- Wang, S S -- Weinrich, S L -- Avilion, A A -- Chiu, C P -- Adams, R R -- Chang, E -- Allsopp, R C -- Yu, J -- AG09383/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Sep 1;269(5228):1236-41.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Geron Corporation, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7544491" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cell Death ; *Cell Division ; Cell Line ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA Nucleotidylexotransferase/antagonists & ; inhibitors/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oligonucleotides, Antisense/pharmacology ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; RNA/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Templates, Genetic ; Transfection ; Tumor Cells, Cultured
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 1995-05-26
    Description: Receptor-mediated activation of heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) results in the dissociation of alpha from beta gamma subunits, thereby allowing both to regulate effectors. Little is known about the regions of effectors required for recognition of G beta gamma. A peptide encoding residues 956 to 982 of adenylyl cyclase 2 specifically blocked G beta gamma stimulation of adenylyl cyclase 2, phospholipase C-beta 3, potassium channels, and beta-adrenergic receptor kinase as well as inhibition of calmodulin-stimulated adenylyl cyclases, but had no effect on interactions between G beta gamma and G alpha o. Substitutions in this peptide identified a functionally important motif, Gln-X-X-Glu-Arg, that is also conserved in regions of potassium channels and beta-adrenergic receptor kinases that participate in G beta gamma interactions. Thus, the region defined by residues 956 to 982 of adenylyl cyclase 2 may contain determinants important for receiving signals from G beta gamma.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chen, J -- DeVivo, M -- Dingus, J -- Harry, A -- Li, J -- Sui, J -- Carty, D J -- Blank, J L -- Exton, J H -- Stoffel, R H -- CA-44998/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- DK-37219/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- DK-38761/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- etc. -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 May 26;268(5214):1166-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pharmacology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, City University of New York, NY 10029, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7761832" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenylyl Cyclase Inhibitors ; Adenylyl Cyclases/*chemistry/metabolism ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Cell Line ; Enzyme Activation/physiology ; GTP-Binding Proteins/chemistry/*physiology ; Guanosine Triphosphate/physiology ; In Vitro Techniques ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Peptide Fragments/chemical synthesis/chemistry/physiology ; Potassium Channels/physiology ; Rats ; Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/metabolism ; Receptors, Adrenergic, beta/metabolism ; Signal Transduction/physiology ; Structure-Activity Relationship ; Type C Phospholipases/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 1995-04-07
    Description: A morbillivirus has been isolated and added to an increasing list of emerging viral diseases. This virus caused an outbreak of fatal respiratory disease in horses and humans. Genetic analyses show it to be only distantly related to the classic morbilliviruses rinderpest, measles, and canine distemper. When seen by electron microscopy, viruses had 10- and 18-nanometer surface projections that gave them a "double-fringed" appearance. The virus induced syncytia that developed in the endothelium of blood vessels, particularly the lungs.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Murray, K -- Selleck, P -- Hooper, P -- Hyatt, A -- Gould, A -- Gleeson, L -- Westbury, H -- Hiley, L -- Selvey, L -- Rodwell, B -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Apr 7;268(5207):94-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉CSIRO Australian Animal Health Laboratory, East Geelong, Victoria.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7701348" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cercopithecus aethiops ; Disease Outbreaks/*veterinary ; Female ; Horse Diseases/epidemiology/mortality/*virology ; Horses ; Humans ; Kidney/virology ; Lung/virology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Morbillivirus/genetics/*isolation & purification ; Morbillivirus Infections/epidemiology/mortality/*veterinary/*virology ; Pregnancy ; Queensland/epidemiology ; Respiratory Tract Infections/veterinary/virology ; Spleen/virology ; Vero Cells ; Virus Cultivation
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 1995-07-21
    Description: Huntington's disease (HD) is a dominant neurodegenerative disorder caused by expansion of a CAG repeat in the gene encoding huntingtin, a protein of unknown function. To distinguish between "loss of function" and "gain of function" models of HD, the murine HD homolog Hdh was inactivated by gene targeting. Mice heterozygous for Hdh inactivation were phenotypically normal, whereas homozygosity resulted in embryonic death. Homozygotes displayed abnormal gastrulation at embryonic day 7.5 and were resorbing by day 8.5. Thus, huntingtin is critical early in embryonic development, before the emergence of the nervous system. That Hdh inactivation does not mimic adult HD neuropathology suggests that the human disease involves a gain of function.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Duyao, M P -- Auerbach, A B -- Ryan, A -- Persichetti, F -- Barnes, G T -- McNeil, S M -- Ge, P -- Vonsattel, J P -- Gusella, J F -- Joyner, A L -- NS16367/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- NS32765/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Jul 21;269(5222):407-10.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown 02129, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7618107" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cell Line ; Ectoderm/cytology ; Embryonic and Fetal Development ; Female ; Gene Targeting ; Genotype ; Heterozygote ; Homozygote ; Humans ; Huntington Disease/*genetics ; Male ; Mesoderm/cytology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nerve Tissue Proteins/*genetics/physiology ; Nuclear Proteins/*genetics/physiology ; Phenotype ; Stem Cells/metabolism
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    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 1995-04-07
    Description: Shock due to Gram-negative bacterial sepsis is a consequence of acute inflammatory response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or endotoxin released from bacteria. LPS is a major constituent of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, and its terminal disaccharide phospholipid (lipid A) portion contains the key structural features responsible for toxic activity. Based on the proposed structure of nontoxic Rhodobacter capsulatus lipid A, a fully stabilized endotoxin antagonist E5531 has been synthesized. In vitro, E5531 demonstrated potent antagonism of LPS-mediated cellular activation in a variety of systems. In vivo, E5531 protected mice from LPS-induced lethality and, in cooperation with an antibiotic, protected mice from a lethal infection of viable Escherichia coli.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Christ, W J -- Asano, O -- Robidoux, A L -- Perez, M -- Wang, Y -- Dubuc, G R -- Gavin, W E -- Hawkins, L D -- McGuinness, P D -- Mullarkey, M A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Apr 7;268(5207):80-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Elsai Research Institute, Andover, MA 01810-2441, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7701344" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; BCG Vaccine/immunology ; Cytokines/secretion ; Drug Design ; Endotoxins/*antagonists & inhibitors ; Escherichia coli Infections/immunology ; Gram-Negative Bacteria/immunology ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Lipid A/*analogs & derivatives/chemical synthesis/chemistry/pharmacology ; Lipopolysaccharides/antagonists & inhibitors ; Macrophages/immunology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Monocytes/immunology ; Moxalactam/pharmacology ; Nitric Oxide/metabolism ; Rhodobacter capsulatus/immunology ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/secretion
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 1995-01-20
    Description: Multiple endocrine neoplasia types 2A and 2B (MEN2A and MEN2B) and familial medullary thyroid carcinoma are dominantly inherited cancer syndromes. All three syndromes are associated with mutations in RET, which encodes a receptor-like tyrosine kinase. The altered RET alleles were shown to be transforming genes in NIH 3T3 cells as a consequence of constitutive activation of the RET kinase. The MEN2A mutation resulted in RET dimerization at steady state, whereas the MEN2B mutation altered RET catalytic properties both quantitatively and qualitatively. Oncogenic conversion of RET in these neoplastic syndromes establishes germline transmission of dominant transforming genes in human cancer.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Santoro, M -- Carlomagno, F -- Romano, A -- Bottaro, D P -- Dathan, N A -- Grieco, M -- Fusco, A -- Vecchio, G -- Matoskova, B -- Kraus, M H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Jan 20;267(5196):381-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Centro di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Napoli, Italy.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7824936" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: 3T3 Cells ; Alleles ; Animals ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic/*genetics ; *Drosophila Proteins ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; Mice ; Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2a/*genetics ; Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2b/*genetics ; Mutation ; Phosphorylation ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins/chemistry/*genetics/metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ret ; *Proto-Oncogenes ; Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/chemistry/*genetics/metabolism ; Substrate Specificity ; Transfection ; Tumor Cells, Cultured
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 1995-04-28
    Description: The extent to which the earliest anatomically modern humans in Africa exhibited behavioral and cognitive traits typical of Homo sapiens sapiens is controversial. In eastern Zaire, archaeological sites with bone points have yielded dates older than 89(-15)+22 thousand years ago by several techniques. These include electron spin resonance, thermoluminescence, optically stimulated luminescence, uranium series, and amino acid racemization. Faunal and stratigraphic data are consistent with this age.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Brooks, A S -- Helgren, D M -- Cramer, J S -- Franklin, A -- Hornyak, W -- Keating, J M -- Klein, R G -- Rink, W J -- Schwarcz, H -- Smith, J N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Apr 28;268(5210):548-53.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Anthropology, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7725099" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Archaeology ; Democratic Republic of the Congo ; Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy ; History, Ancient ; Hominidae ; Humans ; Luminescence ; Paleodontology ; Quartz ; Spectrum Analysis
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 1995-06-02
    Description: Only so-called "professional" antigen-presenting cells (APCs) of hematopoietic origin are believed capable of inducing T lymphocyte responses. However, fibroblasts transfected with viral proteins directly induced antiviral cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses in vivo, without involvement of host APCs. Fibroblasts induced T cells only in the milieu of lymphoid organs. Thus, antigen localization affects self-nonself discrimination and cell-based vaccine strategies.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Kundig, T M -- Bachmann, M F -- DiPaolo, C -- Simard, J J -- Battegay, M -- Lother, H -- Gessner, A -- Kuhlcke, K -- Ohashi, P S -- Hengartner, H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Jun 2;268(5215):1343-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institute of Experimental Immunology, University of Zurich, Switzerland.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7761853" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigen-Presenting Cells/*immunology ; Cytotoxicity, Immunologic ; Fibroblasts/*immunology ; Glycoproteins/immunology ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class I/immunology ; L Cells (Cell Line) ; Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis/immunology ; Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus/*immunology ; Lymphoid Tissue/*immunology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Neoplasms/immunology ; T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic/*immunology ; Transfection ; Tumor Cells, Cultured ; Viral Proteins/*immunology
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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