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  • 1
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    Defining a link with asthma in mice congenitally deficient in eosinophils (2004)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-09-18
    Description: Eosinophils are often dominant inflammatory cells present in the lungs of asthma patients. Nonetheless, the role of these leukocytes remains poorly understood. We have created a transgenic line of mice (PHIL) that are specifically devoid of eosinophils, but otherwise have a full complement of hematopoietically derived cells. Allergen challenge of PHIL mice demonstrated that eosinophils were required for pulmonary mucus accumulation and the airway hyperresponsiveness associated with asthma. The development of an eosinophil-less mouse now permits an unambiguous assessment of a number of human diseases that have been linked to this granulocyte, including allergic diseases, parasite infections, and tumorigenesis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lee, James J -- Dimina, Dawn -- Macias, MiMi P -- Ochkur, Sergei I -- McGarry, Michael P -- O'Neill, Katie R -- Protheroe, Cheryl -- Pero, Ralph -- Nguyen, Thanh -- Cormier, Stephania A -- Lenkiewicz, Elizabeth -- Colbert, Dana -- Rinaldi, Lisa -- Ackerman, Steven J -- Irvin, Charles G -- Lee, Nancy A -- AI025230/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AI033043/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- AR08545/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- F32 AR008545/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- F32 AR008545-01/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- F32 AR008545-02/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- F32 AR008545-03/AR/NIAMS NIH HHS/ -- HL058723/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL065228/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HL10105/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- HLEB67273/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- NCRR-COBRE P20RR1555/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- P01-HL67004/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2004 Sep 17;305(5691):1773-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ 85259, USA. jjlee@mayo.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15375267" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Allergens/immunology ; Animals ; Asthma/immunology/*pathology/*physiopathology ; Diphtheria Toxin/genetics ; Eosinophil Peroxidase ; Eosinophils/*physiology ; Gene Targeting ; Leukocyte Count ; Lung/immunology/*pathology/*physiopathology ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Models, Animal ; Mucus/secretion ; Ovalbumin/immunology ; Peptide Fragments/genetics ; Peroxidases/genetics ; Respiratory Hypersensitivity/immunology/pathology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Debating sexual selection and mating strategies (2006)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-05-09
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Pizzari, Tommaso -- Birkhead, Tim R -- Blows, Mark W -- Brooks, Rob -- Buchanan, Katherine L -- Clutton-Brock, Tim H -- Harvey, Paul H -- Hosken, Dave J -- Jennions, Michael D -- Kokko, Hanna -- Kotiaho, Janne S -- Lessells, C M -- Macias-Garcia, Constantino -- Moore, Allen J -- Parker, Geoff A -- Partigridge, Linda -- Pitnick, Scott -- Radwan, Jacek -- Ritchie, Mike -- Sheldon, Ben C -- Simmons, Leigh W -- Snook, Rhonda R -- Stockley, Paula -- Zuk, Marlene -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 May 5;312(5774):689-97; author reply 689-97.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16680817" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Biological Evolution ; Female ; Male ; Reproduction ; Sex Characteristics ; *Sexual Behavior, Animal ; *Social Behavior
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 3
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    Sequence variants in SLC16A11 are a common risk factor for type 2 diabetes in Mexico (2014)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-01-07
    Description: Performing genetic studies in multiple human populations can identify disease risk alleles that are common in one population but rare in others, with the potential to illuminate pathophysiology, health disparities, and the population genetic origins of disease alleles. Here we analysed 9.2 million single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in each of 8,214 Mexicans and other Latin Americans: 3,848 with type 2 diabetes and 4,366 non-diabetic controls. In addition to replicating previous findings, we identified a novel locus associated with type 2 diabetes at genome-wide significance spanning the solute carriers SLC16A11 and SLC16A13 (P = 3.9 x 10(-13); odds ratio (OR) = 1.29). The association was stronger in younger, leaner people with type 2 diabetes, and replicated in independent samples (P = 1.1 x 10(-4); OR = 1.20). The risk haplotype carries four amino acid substitutions, all in SLC16A11; it is present at ~50% frequency in Native American samples and ~10% in east Asian, but is rare in European and African samples. Analysis of an archaic genome sequence indicated that the risk haplotype introgressed into modern humans via admixture with Neanderthals. The SLC16A11 messenger RNA is expressed in liver, and V5-tagged SLC16A11 protein localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum. Expression of SLC16A11 in heterologous cells alters lipid metabolism, most notably causing an increase in intracellular triacylglycerol levels. Despite type 2 diabetes having been well studied by genome-wide association studies in other populations, analysis in Mexican and Latin American individuals identified SLC16A11 as a novel candidate gene for type 2 diabetes with a possible role in triacylglycerol metabolism.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4127086/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4127086/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉SIGMA Type 2 Diabetes Consortium -- Williams, Amy L -- Jacobs, Suzanne B R -- Moreno-Macias, Hortensia -- Huerta-Chagoya, Alicia -- Churchhouse, Claire -- Marquez-Luna, Carla -- Garcia-Ortiz, Humberto -- Gomez-Vazquez, Maria Jose -- Burtt, Noel P -- Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A -- Gonzalez-Villalpando, Clicerio -- Florez, Jose C -- Orozco, Lorena -- Haiman, Christopher A -- Tusie-Luna, Teresa -- Altshuler, David -- F32 HG005944/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- P01 HL045522/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- P30 AG038072/AG/NIA NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA144034/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA55069/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 CA80205/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK042273/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK047482/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 DK057295/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01 HG006399/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- R01DK053889/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- R01HL24799/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- R35 CA53890/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- U01DK085526/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2014 Feb 6;506(7486):97-101. doi: 10.1038/nature12828. Epub 2013 Dec 25.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24390345" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: African Continental Ancestry Group/genetics ; Alleles ; Animals ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group/genetics ; Cohort Studies ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/*genetics ; Endoplasmic Reticulum/genetics ; European Continental Ancestry Group/genetics ; Female ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease/*genetics ; Genome-Wide Association Study ; Haplotypes/genetics ; HeLa Cells ; Humans ; Indians, North American/genetics ; Lipid Metabolism/genetics ; Liver/cytology/metabolism ; Male ; Mexico ; Monocarboxylic Acid Transporters/*genetics ; Neanderthals/genetics ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/*genetics ; RNA, Messenger/genetics/metabolism ; Triglycerides/metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 4
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    Dysregulated humoral immunity to nontyphoidal Salmonella in HIV-infected African adults (2010)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-04-24
    Description: Nontyphoidal Salmonellae are a major cause of life-threatening bacteremia among HIV-infected individuals. Although cell-mediated immunity controls intracellular infection, antibodies protect against Salmonella bacteremia. We report that high-titer antibodies specific for Salmonella lipopolysaccharide (LPS) are associated with a lack of Salmonella-killing in HIV-infected African adults. Killing was restored by genetically shortening LPS from the target Salmonella or removing LPS-specific antibodies from serum. Complement-mediated killing of Salmonella by healthy serum is shown to be induced specifically by antibodies against outer membrane proteins. This killing is lost when excess antibody against Salmonella LPS is added. Thus, our study indicates that impaired immunity against nontyphoidal Salmonella bacteremia in HIV infection results from excess inhibitory antibodies against Salmonella LPS, whereas serum killing of Salmonella is induced by antibodies against outer membrane proteins.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3772309/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3772309/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉MacLennan, Calman A -- Gilchrist, James J -- Gordon, Melita A -- Cunningham, Adam F -- Cobbold, Mark -- Goodall, Margaret -- Kingsley, Robert A -- van Oosterhout, Joep J G -- Msefula, Chisomo L -- Mandala, Wilson L -- Leyton, Denisse L -- Marshall, Jennifer L -- Gondwe, Esther N -- Bobat, Saeeda -- Lopez-Macias, Constantino -- Doffinger, Rainer -- Henderson, Ian R -- Zijlstra, Eduard E -- Dougan, Gordon -- Drayson, Mark T -- MacLennan, Ian C M -- Molyneux, Malcolm E -- 067321/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- BB/F022778/1/Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom -- G0701275/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- G108/574/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- G8402371/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- G9818340/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council/United Kingdom -- Medical Research Council/United Kingdom -- Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2010 Apr 23;328(5977):508-12. doi: 10.1126/science.1180346.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Medical Research Council Centre for Immune Regulation and Clinical Immunology Service, Institute of Biomedical Research, School of Immunity and Infection, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK. c.maclennan@bham.ac.uk〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20413503" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/immunology ; Adult ; Animals ; Antibodies, Bacterial/blood/*immunology ; Antibodies, Blocking/blood/*immunology ; Bacteremia/immunology ; Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins/*immunology ; Complement Activation ; Disease Susceptibility ; HIV Infections/complications/*immunology ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G/blood/immunology ; Lipopolysaccharides/blood/*immunology ; Malawi ; Mice ; Mutation ; O Antigens/*immunology ; Salmonella Infections/*immunology ; Salmonella typhimurium/genetics/*immunology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 5
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    The upper limb of Australopithecus sediba (2013)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-04-13
    Description: The evolution of the human upper limb involved a change in function from its use for both locomotion and prehension (as in apes) to a predominantly prehensile and manipulative role. Well-preserved forelimb remains of 1.98-million-year-old Australopithecus sediba from Malapa, South Africa, contribute to our understanding of this evolutionary transition. Whereas other aspects of their postcranial anatomy evince mosaic combinations of primitive (australopith-like) and derived (Homo-like) features, the upper limbs (excluding the hand and wrist) of the Malapa hominins are predominantly primitive and suggest the retention of substantial climbing and suspensory ability. The use of the forelimb primarily for prehension and manipulation appears to arise later, likely with the emergence of Homo erectus.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Churchill, Steven E -- Holliday, Trenton W -- Carlson, Kristian J -- Jashashvili, Tea -- Macias, Marisa E -- Mathews, Sandra -- Sparling, Tawnee L -- Schmid, Peter -- de Ruiter, Darryl J -- Berger, Lee R -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2013 Apr 12;340(6129):1233477. doi: 10.1126/science.1233477.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA. churchy@duke.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23580536" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Arm Bones/anatomy & histology ; Biological Evolution ; Biomechanical Phenomena ; Bones of Upper Extremity/*anatomy & histology/physiology ; Clavicle/anatomy & histology ; Female ; *Fossils ; Hominidae/*anatomy & histology/*physiology ; Humans ; Locomotion ; Male ; Principal Component Analysis ; Scapula/anatomy & histology ; South Africa ; Upper Extremity/*anatomy & histology/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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